Crypticerya multicicatrices Kondo and Unruh, 2009

Kondo, Takumasa, Gullan, Penny & Portilla, Andrea Amalia Ramos, 2012, Report of new invasive scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea), Crypticerya multicicatrices Kondo and Unruh (Monophlebidae) and Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green) (Pseudococcidae), on the islands of San Andres and Providencia, Colombia, with an updated taxonomic key to iceryine scale insects of South America, Insecta Mundi 2012 (265), pp. 1-17 : 3-6

Crypticerya multicicatrices Kondo and Unruh, 2009

( Figures 1 ‒ 3 )

Icerya brasiliensis Hempel : Kondo 2001: 31. Misidentification, discovered by Kondo and Unruh 2009: 99. Crypticerya sp. : Kondo 2008: 27.

Crypticerya multicicatrices Cockerell : Quiroga et al. 2011: 10. Incorrect authorship.

Diagnosis of adult female (adapted from Kondo and Unruh 2009).

Unmounted material. ( Fig. 1 ). “Adult female elliptical; antennae, legs and eyes brownish-black; body orange-red, covered dorsally by white wax, with one long caudal tuft (up to 20.5 mm long, usually less than 15 mm long, but always longer than cephalic tuft), one shorter cephalic tuft protruding anteriorly, a marginal row of nine waxy tufts on each side, mealy wax abundant around dorsal submargin just above row of lateral waxy processes and forming a thick elevated submarginal ridge, with a median longitudinal waxy ridge composed of about five short tufts; waxy processes on each side of the caudal and cephalic tufts longer than other marginal processes. Ovisac elongate, white, distal end narrow, often curved upwards, appearing fluted, with 14 or 15 longitudinal furrows. Caudal and cephalic tufts with about four longitudinal furrows. Ovisac with about 120 eggs, each egg elliptical, about 0.8 mm long; ovisac slit on dorsomedial line, where crawlers escape” ( Kondo and Unruh 2009: 95) .

Slide-mounted material ( Fig. 2 ). Body elongate to oval, 4.7–5.6 mm long, 2.8–3.5 mm wide.

Venter. Antennae 11-segmented, rarely 10 segmented. Eyes dark, present at base of antennae. Mouthparts normal for iceryines, labium three segmented. Legs well developed; forelegs shorter than mid- and hindlegs. Thoracic spiracles with metathoracic pair usually larger than posterior pair. Abdominal spiracles in three pairs on posterior abdomen. Ovisac band well developed, formed by multilocular pores of two types: (i) larger pores with trilocular center (sometimes bilocular) and 10–12 outer loculi, forming inner edge of ovisac band, 3 or 4 pores wide, and (ii) smaller pores with cruciform or starshaped center forming outer edge of ovisac band, 2 or 3 pores wide. Vulvar opening on ventromedial abdomen. Ventral cicatrices usually numbering 9–13 (holotype has 11 cicatrices, usually with 11–13, but smaller non-type specimens with as few as 9 cicatrices), arranged in a U-shape behind vulva in ovisac cavity. Hair-like setae scattered on head and thorax and outside of ovisac band on abdomen, but sparse in ovisac cavity; longer setae between antennae and also marginally, longest and densest towards abdominal apex. Flagellate setae scattered, sparse, across all body segments. Multilocular pores with bilocular or trilocular center and 10–12 outer loculi, scattered on submarginal to marginal areas of all body areas, becoming densest towards margin. Multilocular pores with cruciform or star-shaped center and 4–7 outer loculi (rarely 0–2), forming clusters of 10–12 anterolateral to coxal articulations of all legs. Multilocular pores with reniform center and 4 outer loculi, scattered across medial to ventromedial abdomen. Slightly sclerotized patches forming patchy segmental lines across ventromedial abdomen.

Dorsum. Hair-like setae scattered in transverse rows on all body segments; hair-like setae and flagellate setae scattered amongst multilocular pores on all segments. Simple multilocular pores with bilocular or trilocular center and 9–12 outer loculi, densely scattered across all body segments, forming dense medial clusters on head, thorax and anterior abdomen. Smaller multilocular pores with cruciform (quadrate) or star-shaped (5-rayed) center and 4–8 outer loculi (rarely 0–2), forming clusters of 6–8 on submedial head, thorax and anterior abdomen. Small, sclerotized patches forming longitudinal rows on medial, submedial, intermediate and submarginal thorax and abdomen. Anal ring simple, sclerotized.

Notes. According to Kondo and Unruh (2009), slide-mounted adult females of C. multicicatrices can be easily separated from other iceryine species occurring in the New World by the following combination of features (with our observations in square brackets): (i) presence of 11–13 [smaller specimens with as few as 9] cicatrices forming a U-shape on the ventral abdomen; (ii) presence of an ovisac band; (iii) absence of dense flagellate setae in the ovisac band; (iv) absence of spiniform setae on the dorsal surface; (v) absence of open-center pores; and (vi) presence of three pairs of abdominal spiracles. This species was included in the Crypticerya montserratensis group ( Unruh and Gullan 2008) because of the shape and distribution of the derm pores ( Kondo and Unruh 2009). For a detail description of C. multicicatrices see Kondo and Unruh (2009).

Figures

Figure 1. Adult females (center) and nymphs (on each side) of Crypticerya multicicatrices on coconut leaf. Notice empty egg chorions on median slit (arrowed) on ovisac from where first-instar nymphs exit ovisac.

Figure 2. Crypticerya multicicatrices Kondo and Unruh, adult female (modified from Kondo and Unruh (2009), with copyright permission from the journal Neotropical Entomology). A, Simple multilocular pores, with bilocular or trilocular center and 6–8 (very rarely 0) outer loculi. B, Short hair-like seta. C, Long hair-like seta. D, Various types of simple multilocular pores, each with star-shaped center and 4–6 outer loculi. E, Flagellate seta. F, Simple multilocular pores surrounding anal opening, each with bilocular or trilocular center and 8–10 elongate outer loculi. G, Simple multilocular pores surrounding vulva, with bilocular or trilocular center and each with 8–14 elongate outer loculi. H, Abdominal spiracle. I, Simple multilocular pores on ventromedial abdomen, with reniform center and 4–6 outer loculi. J, Simple multilocular pores, with bilocular or trilocular center and 8–10 outer loculi. K, Enlargement of setal base. L, Various types of simple multilocular pores, with triangular, cruciform or star-shaped center and 4–7 (very rarely 0) outer loculi. M, Various types of simple multilocular pores present on ventral abdomen, with triangular or cruciform center and 3–6 outer loculi.

Figure 3. Crypticerya multicicatrices. A. On Cajanus cajan. B. On Spondias purpurea. C. On Tectona grandis. D. On Citrus latifolia. E. On Delonix regia. F. On a palm. G. On Carica papaya. H. On Artocarpus altilis. Notice sooty mold on leaves. I. Dieback of Erythrina variegata street trees.