Chaetophractus Fitzinger, 1871

Carlini, Alfredo A., Soibelzon, Esteban & Glaz, Damián, 2016, Chaetophractusvellerosus (Cingulata: Dasypodidae), Mammalian Species 48 (937), pp. 73-82 : 73-74

Chaetophractus Fitzinger, 1871

Dasypus: Molina, 1782:305 . Not Dasypus Linnaeus, 1758 .

Loricatus Desmarest, 1804:28 . Part.

Dasypus: Illiger, 1811:70 . Part, not Dasypus Linnaeus, 1758 .

Tatus Olfers, 1818:220 . Part, incorrect subsequent spelling of Tatu Blumenbach, 1779 .

Tatusia Lesson, 1827:309 . Part.

Euphractus: Burmeister, 1861:427 . Part, not Euphractus Wagler, 1830 .

Chaetophractus Fitzinger, 1871:268 . Type species Dasypus villosus (= Loricatus villosus Desmarest, 1804:28 ), by subsequent designation ( Yepes 1928:494).

Dasyphractus Fitzinger, 1871:264 . Type species Dasyphractus brevirostris Fitzinger, 1871 , by monotypy.

Choetophractus Trouessart, 1898:1146. Incorrect subsequent spelling of Chaetophractus Fitzinger, 1871 .

CONTEXT AND CONTENT. Order Cingulata , family Dasypodidae ,

subfamily Euphractinae , tribe Euphractini . Xenarthra is a mono-

phyletic group ( Gaudin 2004; Delsuc and Douzery 2009) that con-

tains 31 living species grouped into 5 families and 14 genera (sensu

Gardner 2007; Wetzel et al. 2007). Xenarthra are distributed almost exclusively in the Neotropical Region (except the 9-banded armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus, McBee and Baker 1982 ; Gardner 2007; Wetzel et al. 2007). This superorder is divided into 2 orders: Cingulata and Pilosa (Wilson and Reeder 2005), all of them with living representatives. There are 3 proposed living species in the genus Chaetophractus : C. nationi , C. vellerosus , and C. villosus , all distributed within South America (but see Abba et al. 2016 concerning validity of C. nationi ). The following key to the 3 species is adapted from Wetzel et al. (2007):

1. Size large, head-and-body length averaging 330 mm (range 261–344 mm); darkly colored and sparsely covered with long, black hair on carapace; head shield broad, and osteoderms on head shield patterned (not flat and smooth); width:length head shield ratio averaging 0.95; posterior margin of head shield not straight, but reflecting the outline of individual marginal osteoderms…………… ………………………………. Chaetophractus villosus Size smaller, head-and-body length averaging <280 mm; paler with color of hair on carapace tan or white; head shield narrower, and osteoderms flat and smooth; posterior margin of head shield straighter …………………………………………………………2

2. Size small, head-and-body length <255 mm, condylonasal length <80 mm; hair tan and comparatively dense; pinnae long, extending back to the 1st fused row of osteoderms on scapular shield; head shield comparatively narrow (width:length ratio averaging 0.90) and posterior margin straight………….…………. Chaetophractus vellerosus Size intermediate, head-and-body length> 250 mm, condylonasal length> 80 mm; hair pale tan, sometimes white; head shield proportionally broader than in most C. villosus and posterior margin with indentions between individual osteoderms; restricted to high Andean grasslands……………………..……. Chaetophractus nationi