Lasioglossum (Dialictus) magnitegula, Gardner & Gibbs, 2023

Gardner, Joel & Gibbs, Jason, 2023, Revision of the Nearctic species of the Lasioglossum (Dialictus) gemmatum species complex (Hymenoptera: Halictidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 858 (1), pp. 1-222 : 120-127

Lasioglossum (Dialictus) magnitegula sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7F2257A4-B961-4C86-AFEC-ED2B2ECE27A5

Figs 42–44 , 76J , 78B , 79B , 80B , 113A

Diagnosis

Females of L. magnitegula sp. nov. have the tegula extremely large (maximum length ≥ 60% ITS and clearly exceeding posterior margin of mesoscutum in dorsal view), with inner posterior margin strongly concave and a rounded posterior projection about 1 lateral OD in size, and very densely punctate (IS <1 PD); metapostnotum very dull, finely reticulate, with fine subparallel rugae; metasomal terga apical rims shiny, glabrous, and impunctate; tomentum entirely absent on T4 disc and limited to small basolateral patches on T2–T3; mesoscutum with sparse erect pubescence less than 1 OD long (each seta about its length from the one nearest it) and very short intervening setae no more than stubble; and mesoscutum greenish, golden, or coppery, contrasting with bluer propodeum.

Females of L. magnitegula sp. nov. are most similar to those of L. angelicum sp. nov., L. perparvum , and L. pseudotegulare , all of which have the T4 disc with at least some sparse tomentum and metasomal terga apical rims with at least some minute punctures and/or short simple setae. All except L. perparvum have the mesoscutum with dense erect pubescence about 1 OD long (each seta less than its length from the one nearest it) and short intervening setae with a distinct length 0.25 OD or more. In addition, females of L. angelicum have the metapostnotum with coarse anastomosing rugae and basal half usually shiny, and L. perparvum have the tegula small (not exceeding posterior margin of mesoscutum in dorsal view), with inner posterior margin straight, and sparsely punctate (IS = 1–4 PD).

Males of L. magnitegula sp. nov. have the tegula extremely large (as in the female); mesoscutum usually shiny and coarsely, moderately sparsely punctate (IS = 1–2 PD), with sparse erect pubescence (some gaps 0.5 OD or wider visible in lateral view) appearing simple at 40 × magnification, and more greenish or golden, contrasting with bluer propodeum; metapostnotum tessellate to reticulate with fine subparallel rugae; T1–T2 apical rims and discs apicolaterally impunctate or very minutely, sparsely punctate; and face relatively long (length/width ratio usually>0.86).

Males of L. magnitegula sp. nov. are most similar to those of L. angelicum sp. nov., L. perparvum , and L. pseudotegulare . Males of L. angelicum and L. pseudotegulare have the T1–T2 apical rims punctate, mesoscutum with dense erect, plumose pubescence (no gaps wider than 0.5 OD visible in lateral view), and mesoscutum concolourous with the rest of the mesosoma. In addition, males of L. angelicum have the face slightly shorter (length/width ratio ≤ 0.86). Males of L. perparvum have the tegula much smaller (not exceeding posterior margin of mesoscutum in dorsal view), with inner posterior margin weakly concave, and sparsely punctate laterally (IS = 1–3 PD); and mesoscutum usually tessellate and finely, densely punctate laterally (IS <1 PD).

Etymology

The specific epithet ʻ magnitegula ʼ is a noun derived from the Latin adjective ʻ magnus ʼ (large, great) and the noun ʻ tegula ʼ (roof tile, literally ʻcovering instrumentʼ, now applied to the sclerite covering the wing base). It refers to the extraordinarily enlarged tegula of this species relative to its small body size. An appropriate translation would be the big-tegula sweat bee.

Material examined

Holotype MEXICO – Sonora • ♀; Rancho El Cajón , 40 km E of Alamos; 27.05° N, 108.7318° W; elev. 420 m; 1–11 Oct. 2006; M.E. Erwin leg.; BBSL FDP746586 .

[Verbatim label: Mexico: Sonora: Rancho El Cajón, 40 km E Alamos / 27°03.00′N 108°43.91′W / 420m 1–11 Oct 2006 / M.E.Irwin Malaise trap / FDP 746586 / ALM 7.0_2006 // HOLOTYPE / Lasioglossum (Dialictus) magnitegula Gardner and Gibbs ]

Paratypes

MEXICO – Baja California Sur • 1 ♂; El Pedrito beach , 3 mi. S of Todos Santos; 23.394094° N, 110.2124° W; 24 Sep. 2016; Paul A. Rude leg.; EMEC 1181137 . – Guerrero • 1 ♀; 42 mi. N of Acapulco; [17.3° N, 99.7° W]; elev. 472 m; 9 Aug. 1962; University of Kansas Mexico Expedition leg.; SEMC. – Jalisco • 1 ♀; 12 km ENE of El Tuito ; 20.3604° N, 105.2607° W; 6 Nov. 1987; T.L. Griswold leg.; BBSL1100811 • 1 ♂; ibid.; 6 Nov. 1987; T.L. Griswold leg.; BBSL1100810 • 1 ♀; 20 km S of Purificación; [19.54° N, 104.61° W]; 16 Jul. 1989; Charles D. Michener leg.; ex Phyla nodiflora ; SEMC • 1 ♂; 22 km SE of Puerto Vallarta; [20.51° N, 105.08° W]; 29 Sep. 1985; R.J. McGinley leg.; USNM • 2 ♀♀; 8.8 km N of El Tuito; 20.3897° N, 105.3109° W; 18 Apr. 1986; F.D. Parker leg.; BBSL1100802 , BBSL1100803 • 5 ♀♀; Careyes ; 19.4289° N, 105.0274° W; 12 Feb.–19 Mar. 1997; F.D. Parker leg.; BBSL1100765 , BBSL1100766 , BBSL1100773 , BBSL1100774 , BBSL1100775 • 5 ♀♀; ibid.; 12 Feb.–19 Mar. 1997; F.D. Parker leg.; WRME BBSL1100742 , BBSL1100744 , BBSL1100745 , BBSL1100755 , BBSL1100759 • 1 ♀; Chamela; [19.5° N, 105.04° W]; 31 Mar. 1985; Ricardo Ayala Barajas leg.; SEMC • 1 ♀; Chamela; 19.4986° N, 105.0435° W; 1–8 Oct. 1985; T.L. Griswold, F.D. Parker leg.; BBSL1100731 • 1 ♂; Cuiztmala Playa, 8 km S of Careyes ; 19.4269° N, 105.0134° W; 4 Oct. 1985; T.L. Griswold, F.D. Parker leg.; BBSL1100729 • 1 ♀; Guadalajara; [20.65° N, 103.35° W]; Crawford leg.; USNM • 1 ♀; km 157 Carretera Barra de Navidad-Puerto Vallarta ; [20.225° N, 105.33° W]; 18 Apr. 1986; F.D. Parker leg.; BBSL1100812 • 2 ♀♀; Puerto Vallarta; 20.6214° N, 105.226° W; 25 Jan. 1984; G.E. Bohart leg.; BBSL1100819 , BBSL1100833 • 3 ♂♂; ibid.; 25 Jan. 1984; G.E. Bohart leg.; BBSL1100814 , BBSL1100839 , BBSL1100841 • 3 ♂♂; ibid.; 25 Jan. 1984; George E. Bohart leg.; WRME BBSL1100813 , BBSL1100835 , BBSL1100838 • 1 ♀; ibid.; 7 Dec. 1986; G.E. Bohart leg.; BBSL1100789 • 3 ♀♀; Quimixto ; [20.5° N, 105.37° W]; 16 Dec. 1987; G.E. Bohart leg.; BBSL1100806 , BBSL1100808 , BBSL1100809 • 2 ♂♂; ibid.; 16 Dec. 1987; G.E. Bohart leg.; BBSL1100805 , BBSL1100807 • 2 ♀♀; Rio Chamela , Chamela; [19.527° N, 105.071° W]; elev. 10 m; 5 Apr. 1994; Ricardo Ayala Barajas leg.; ex Bacopa ; SEMC SM0327594 , SM0327595 . – Michoacán • 1 ♀; Arroya Cupuan, S of Nueva Italia ; [18.9942° N, 102.0587° W]; elev. 250 m; 1 Nov. 1987; T. Griswold leg.; BBSL1100946 . – Morelos • 1 ♀, 1 ♂; 6 mi. south of Temixco ; [18.77° N, 99.24° W]; 5 May 1962; L.A. Stange leg.; UCDC • 1 ♀; 7.3 mi. S of Yautepec; [18.78° N, 99.06° W]; elev. 914 m; 15 Aug. 1962; Marston, Naumann leg.; SEMC • 3 ♀♀, 1 ♂; ibid.; 16 Aug. 1962; Ellen Ordway, Naumann leg.; SEMC • 1 ♀; 8 mi. S of Yautepec; [18.76° N, 99.06° W]; 16 Aug. 1962; Roberts, Marston leg.; SEMC • 1 ♂; Cuernavaca ; 18.9348° N, 99.2308° W; 27–29 Nov. 1987; F.D. Parker leg.; BBSL1101077 • 1 ♀; Sierra de Huatla, CEAMISH 2.5 km N and 4 km W of Huatla ; 18.45° N, 99.033° W; elev. 1050 m; 5 Sep. 1996; R.W. Brooks leg.; ex flying around mud along a stream; SEMC SM0254429 . – Nayarit • 1 ♂; San Blas area; 22.8667° N, 105.1° W; 16–21 Mar. 1983; W.J. Hanson leg.; BBSL1101031 • 2 ♀♀; San Blas La Bajada ; 21.5166° N, 105.2195° W; 20–21 Mar. 1983; W.J. Hanson leg.; BBSL1101027 , BBSL1101028 . – Oaxaca • 1 ♀; Pochutla, San Agustinillo Playa ; 15.6654° N, 96.5452° W; elev. 10 m; 28 Jan. 2012; Philippe Sagot leg.; ECOAB 44118 . – Puebla • 2 ♀♀; 7 mi. N of Izúcar de Matamoros ; [18.7° N, 98.47° W]; elev. 1356 m; 19 Aug. 1962; University of Kansas Mexico Expedition leg.; SEMC. – Sinaloa • 3 ♀♀; 5 mi. E of Concordia; 23.2799° N, 105.9987° W; 12 Sep. 1970; G.E. Bohart, R.M. Bohart leg.; BBSL1101014 , BBSL1101015 , BBSL1101016 • 2 ♀♀; San Lorenzo; [24.43° N, 107.12° W]; 11 Sep. 1970; G.E. and R.M. Bohart leg.; BBSL1100992 , BBSL1100997 • 2 ♂♂; ibid.; 11 Sep. 1970; G.E. and R.M. Bohart leg.; BBSL1100993 , BBSL1100994 . – Sonora • 1 ♀; 30 km east of Agua Prieta; 31.31782° N, 109.2357° W; 14 Oct. 2002; R.L. Minckley leg.; RLM SBV045458 • 1 ♂; 30 km east of Agua Prieta; 31.31397° N, 109.25527° W; 10 Jun. 2004; N. de la Torre leg.; RLM SBV025693 • 1 ♂; 36 km E of Tecoripa ; [28.62° N, 109.58° W]; 16 Aug. 1991; T. Griswold leg.; BBSL849287 • 1 ♂; Alamos ; 27.0185° N, 108.9348° W; 7 Sep. 1970; G.E. Bohart, R.M. Bohart leg.; BBSL1100959 • 2 ♀♀; Alamos; [27.03° N, 108.94° W]; 3 Sep. 1991; T. Griswold leg.; BBSL849300 , BBSL849301 • 3 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; BBSL FDP746163 , FDP746316 , FDP746386 • 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; WRME FDP746126 , FDP746776 • 1 ♀; Rancho Palo Injerto , 40 km E of Alamos; 27.042° N, 108.7337° W; elev. 425 m; 30 Sep. 2006; M.E. Erwin leg.; BBSL FDP748603 • 1 ♂; Rancho San Bernardino ; 31.314° N, 109.2553° W; 10 Jun. 2004; N. de la Torre leg.; RLM SBV025693 • 1 ♀; Rancho San Bernardino; 31.3178° N, 109.2357° W; 14 Oct. 2002; Robert L. Minckley leg.; RLM SBV045458 • 1 ♀; Rancho San Bernardino ; 31.3186° N, 109.2508° W; 5 Sep. 2001; R.L. Minckley leg.; RLM SBV139281 • 1 ♀; Rancho San Bernardino , 28 km E of Agua Prieta; 31.33333° N, 109.25972° W; 10 Jul. 2000; K. Toal et al. leg.; RLM SBV002330 . – Veracruz • 1 ♀; Estación Biología Los Tuxtlas, vic. Laguna Escondida ; [18.59° N, 95.09° W]; 16 Sep. 1987; L. Carroll leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1418845 .

Description

Female

COLOURATION. Head and mesosoma blue-green to golden-green; clypeus apex black; labrum brown; mandible brown with black base and red apex; flagellum dark brown dorsally, lighter brown ventrally. Pronotal lobe black; legs black to dark brown; tegula dark brown; wing membrane lightly infuscated, veins dark brown. Metasoma black with rims of terga and sterna broadly brown.

PUBESCENCE. Body pile colour white to pale yellow. Tomentum dense on pronotal collar and lobe, space between pronotal lobe and tegula, and T2–T3 basal margins; sparse on lower paraocular area and gena. Mesoscutum pubescence thin, weakly plumose. Wing setae dark, short and dense. Acarinarial fan complete, dense. T2 fringes absent, T3 fringes absent.

SURFACE SCULPTURE. Clypeus shiny, with punctures dense (IS ≤ 1 PD); supraclypeal area shiny, with punctures dense (IS ≤ 1 PD); paraocular area imbricate around antenna socket, otherwise shiny, with punctures crowded (IS = 0 PD); frons reticulate, with punctures crowded (IS = 0 PD); vertex shiny, with punctures crowded laterally (IS = 0 PD), sparse medially (IS = 1–2 PD); gena lineolate, with punctures minute, dense (IS ≤1 PD), obscure; postgena lineolate. Tegula punctures crowded (IS = 0 PD); mesoscutum tessellate, with punctures dense (IS <1 PD), becoming moderately sparse anteromedially (IS = 1–2 PD); scutellum tessellate, with punctures dense marginally and on median line (IS <1 PD), absent submedially; metapostnotum finely reticulate, with rugae weak, subparallel, reaching posterior margin; preëpisternum rugose; hypoepimeron imbricate, with punctures crowded (IS = 0 PD); mesepisternum imbricate, with punctures dense (IS ≤ 1 PD); metepisternum lineate dorsally, imbricate ventrally; propodeum lateral surface tessellate, posterior surface tessellate. T1 anterior slope weakly coriarious, disc weakly coriarious, with punctures fine, sparse (IS = 1–4 PD), absent in large subapicolateral boss and on rim; T2 disc weakly coriarious, with punctures fine, moderately sparse (IS = 1–3 PD), apical rim weakly coriarious, with punctures absent.

STRUCTURE. Face length/width ratio 0.83 (± 0.01 SD); clypeus apicolateral denticles low rounded knobs; gena/eye width ratio 0.84 (± 0.09 SD). Pronotal angle obtuse; intertegular span 0.73 (±0.04 SD) mm; mesoscutum length/width ratio 0.95 (± 0.04 SD); mesoscutum/scutellum length ratio 2.8 (± 0.16 SD); scutellum/metanotum length ratio 1.87 (± 0.19 SD); metanotum/metapostnotum length ratio 0.75 (±0.08 SD); forewing with 3 submarginal cells; tegula enlarged, exceeding posterior margin of mesoscutum in dorsal view; inner posterior margin strongly concave, with broadly rounded projection angled toward axilla posteriorly; tegula length 0.46 (± 0.03 SD) mm, width 0.22 (±0.02 SD) mm; propodeum lateral carinae nearly reaching dorsal margin; oblique carina strong, straight. T2 depressed apical rim less than 50% of tergum. (n = 10)

VARIATION. The mesoscutum and mesepisternum can vary from shiny to dull and densely punctate (IS <1 PD) to moderately sparsely punctate (IS = 1–2 PD); the metasomal terga discs can vary from distinctly punctate to nearly impunctate; and T2–T3 sometimes lack any tomentum, even basolaterally.

Male

COLOURATION. Head and mesosoma blue-green to golden green; clypeus apex black; labrum black; mandible orange with black base and red apex; flagellum black dorsally, brown ventrally. Pronotal lobe black; legs dark brown; tegula black to dark reddish brown; wing membrane infuscated, veins with subcosta black, otherwise dark brown. Metasoma black with depressed apical rims of terga and sterna and downcurved lateral areas of terga translucent brown.

PUBESCENCE. Body pile colour white. Tomentum dense on lower paraocular area, pronotal angle and lobe, and space between pronotal lobe and tegula; sparse on clypeus, supraclypeal area, and gena. Mesoscutum pubescence simple. Wing setae dark, long and dense. Sterna pubescence short (0.5–1.5 OD), moderately plumose, sparse.

SURFACE SCULPTURE. Clypeus shiny, with punctures dense (IS ≤ 1 PD); supraclypeal area shiny to weakly imbricate, with punctures dense (IS ≤1 PD); paraocular area shiny, with punctures dense (IS <1 PD); frons reticulate, with punctures crowded (IS = 0 PD); vertex shiny, with punctures dense laterally (IS <1 PD), slightly sparser medially (IS ≤ 1.5 PD); gena shiny anteriorly, lineate posteriorly, with punctures fine, moderately dense (IS = 1–2 PD), obscure; postgena shiny to lineate. Tegula punctures crowded (IS = 0 PD); mesoscutum shiny, with punctures moderately sparse (IS = 1–2 PD), becoming dense on lateral and posterior margins (IS <1 PD); scutellum shiny, with punctures moderately sparse (IS = 1–2 PD); metanotum shiny with fine crowded punctures (IS = 0 PD); metapostnotum tessellate to finely reticulate, with rugae shallow, subparallel, nearly reaching posterior margin; preëpisternum areolate; hypoepimeron shiny, with punctures crowded (IS = 0 PD); mesepisternum shiny, with punctures dense (IS <1 PD); metepisternum finely rugulose, becoming smooth dorsally; propodeum lateral surface shiny to imbricate, with punctures dense (IS ≤1 PD), shallow and obscure, posterior surface shiny and obscurely, densely punctate (IS ≤ 1 PD). T1 anterior slope shiny, disc shiny, with punctures fine, sparse (IS = 1–3 PD), absent in large subapicolateral boss and on rim; T2 disc shiny, with punctures fine, sparse (IS = 1–3 PD), apical rim shiny, with punctures absent.

STRUCTURE. Face length/width ratio 0.87 (± 0.01 SD); gena/eye width ratio 0.7 (±0.07 SD). Pronotal angle obtuse; intertegular span 0.62 (± 0.05 SD) mm; mesoscutum length/width ratio 0.99 (± 0.05 SD); mesoscutum/scutellum length ratio 2.62 (± 0.22 SD); scutellum/metanotum length ratio 1.95 (± 0.31 SD); metanotum/metapostnotum length ratio 0.73 (± 0.08 SD); forewing with 3 submarginal cells; tegula enlarged, exceeding posterior margin of mesoscutum in dorsal view; inner posterior margin strongly concave, with broadly rounded projection angled toward axilla posteriorly; tegula length 0.45 (± 0.03 SD) mm, width 0.21 (± 0.02 SD) mm; propodeum lateral carinae not reaching dorsal margin; oblique carina absent. (n = 10)

GENITALIA. As in Fig. 76J . Gonocoxite about 2 times as broad as gonostylus. Gonostylus short, slightly longer than broad, and slightly concave on outer margin, without long setae. Penis valves parallel, with sparse short setae laterally. Retrorse lobe rounded, about 2.8 times as long as broad, with sparse short setae in median band.

VARIATION. The mesoscutum and scutellum punctures can vary from dense (IS <1 PD) to sparse (IS = 1–3 PD), the mesoscutum can sometimes be tessellate anteromedially, the mesepisternum punctures can vary from dense (IS <1 PD) to moderately dense (IS = 1–2 PD), and the terga punctures can vary from deep and distinct to so minute that they are hardly visible.

Range

Western Mexico from Sonora to Chiapas, crossing into Veracruz at the Isthmus of Tehuantepec ( Fig. 44 ).

Floral hosts

PLANTAGINACEAE : Bacopa Aubl. • VERBENACEAE : Phyla Lour. : P. nodiflora (L.) Greene.

DNA barcodes

None available.

Comments

Common in Mexico. Lasioglossum magnitegula sp. nov. probably occurs rarely in the United States. Four specimens were collected from Rancho San Bernardino, Sonora, less than 2 km from the US border.

Figures

Fig. 42. Lasioglossum (D.) magnitegula sp. nov., ♀, holotype (BBSL FDP746586). A. Dorsal habitus. B. Lateral habitus. C. Face. D. Metasoma and propodeum. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 43. Lasioglossum (D.) magnitegula sp. nov., ♂ (BBSL1101077). A. Dorsal habitus. B. Lateral habitus. C. Face. D. Metasoma. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 44. Georeferenced collection records of Lasioglossum (D.) magnitegula sp. nov. (black squares) and predicted distribution by maximum entropy ecological niche modelling in Maxent (colour shading). Warmer colours indicate higher cloglog probability of occurrence.

Fig. 76. Male genitalia illustrated in dorsal view and positioned such that the gonostylus is parallel to the plane of vision. Retrorse lobes are also illustrated separately to the bottom left of each figure in lateral view, positioned parallel to the plane of vision. A. Lasioglossum (D.) angelicum sp. nov.B. L. (D.) coactus (Cresson, 1872). C. L. (D.) deludens sp. nov. D. L. (D.) diabolicum sp. nov.E. L. (D.) gaudiale (Sandhouse, 1924). F. L. (D.) gloriosum sp. nov. (the retrorse lobe was not visible for illustration). G. L. (D.) helianthi (Cockerell, 1916). H. L. (D.) holzenthali sp. nov. I. L. (D.) indagator sp. nov. J. L. (D.) magnitegula sp. nov. K. L. (D.) perparvum (Ellis, 1914). L. L. (D.) profoundum sp. nov. M. L. (D.) pseudotegulare (Cockerell, 1896). N. L. (D.) rufodeludens sp. nov. This genital capsule was damaged during dissection and some details may be slightly distorted.O. L. (D.) stictaspis (Sandhouse, 1923) (holotype) (reproduced from Gardner & Gibbs 2022). P. L. (D.) tegulariforme (Crawford, 1907) (reproduced from Gardner & Gibbs 2022). Scale bars = 0.25 mm.

Fig. 78. Mesoscutum pubescence. A. Lasioglossum perparvum (Ellis, 1914), ♀, lateral view, with pubescence very short and sparse. B. L. magnitegula sp. nov., ♀, dorsal view, with pubescence very short and sparse. C. L. angelicum sp. nov., ♀, lateral view, with pubescence long and dense. D. L. deludens sp. nov., ♀, dorsal view, with pubescence long and dense. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 79. Tegulae.A. Lasioglossum perparvum (Ellis, 1914), ♀, sparsely punctate, not exceeding posterior margin of mesoscutum, and inner posterior margin straight. B. L. magnitegula sp. nov., ♀, densely punctate, exceeding posterior margin of mesoscutum, and inner posterior margin concave. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 80. T1–T2 apical rims. A. Lasioglossum perparvum (Ellis, 1914), ♀, apical rims with some fine punctures and short setae (arrow). B. L. magnitegula sp. nov., ♀, apical rims impunctate and glabrous. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 113. Tegulae. A. Lasioglossum magnitegula sp. nov., ♂, very large and exceeding mesoscutum posterior margin by almost 1 OD. B. L. ellisiae (Sandhouse, 1924), ♂, smaller and not exceeding mesoscutum posterior margin. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.