Bignoniaceae Juss.

Hentz Júnior, Elmar J., Lohmann, Lúcia G., Caxambu, Marcelo G., Temponi, Lívia G. & Pires Lima, Laura C., 2022, Floristic Inventory of the Iguaçu and Iguazú National Parks (Brazil and Argentina): Bignoniaceae, Phytotaxa 570 (2), pp. 165-192 : 169-170

Key to the species of Bignoniaceae Juss. from the Iguazú and Iguaçu National Parks

1. Lianas ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 2

- Trees (Tribe Jacarandae and Tabebuia Alliance ) ............................................................................................................................ 23

2. Leaves imparipinnate, without terminal leaflet modified into a tendril (Tribe Tecomeae ) ........................... Podranea ricasoliana *

- Leaves bi-trifoliolate, with terminal leaflet modified into a tendril (Tribe Bignonieae ) .................................................................. 3

3. Tendrils simple ................................................................................................................................................................................. 4

- Tendrils bifid or trifid ..................................................................................................................................................................... 14

4. Petiole and petiolules articulated; calyx with cupular glands; corolla yellow ................................................................................. 5

- Petiole and petiolules not articulated; calyx without cupular glands; corolla lilac, white, magenta, pink, purple, or red ............... 7

5. Dry leaflets dark bronze abaxially, with hyalin margins; corolla 6 cm or longer ................................. Adenocalymma marginatum

- Dry leaflets green abaxially, without hyalin margins; corolla shorter than 6 cm ............................................................................. 6

6. Stem densely lenticellated; prophylls of the axillary buds triangular; calyx with glands arranged in lines; filaments inserted.......... ................................................................................................................................................................ Adenocalymma bracteatum

- Stem not densely lenticellated; prophylls of the axillary buds curved; calyx with glands not arranged in lines; filaments subexserted ................................................................................................................................................. Adenocalymma paulistarum

7. Corolla lilac; nectar disk lacking or poorly developed ..................................................................................................................... 8

- Corolla white, pink or red; nectar disk well-developed ................................................................................................................... 9

8. Stems cylindrical, not winged, with interpetiolar ridge; inflorescences racemose; fruit with spines shorter than 0,6 cm ................. ................................................................................................................................................................................... Bignonia binata

- Stems quadrangular, winged, without interpetiolar ridge; inflorescences thyrsoid; fruit with spines longer than 1 cm .................... ...................................................................................................................................................................... Bignonia sciuripabulum

9. Stem pubescent; leaflets with pinnate venation; corolla white ............................................................................. Fridericia florida

- Stem glabrous or velutine; leaflets with basal actinodromous venation (pinnate in Fridericia samydoides ); corolla pink, purple, or red ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10

10. Corolla pink, shorter than 3 cm ...................................................................................................................................................... 11

- Corolla purple or red, 3 cm or longer ............................................................................................................................................. 12

11. Leaflets reddish when dry ........................................................................................................................................ Fridericia chica

- Leaflets green when dry ................................................................................................................................................................. 13

12. Domatia on the vein axils of the leaflets abaxially; calyx tubular; corolla and lobes puberulous ................. Fridericia triplinervia

- Domatia absent; calyx campanulate; corolla glabrous, lobes velutine ........................................................... Fridericia samydoides

13. Stems without interpetiolar glandular fields; leaflets elliptic .................................................................................. Tanaecium selloi

- Stems with interpetiolar glandular fields (sometimes lacking on young branches); leaflets ovate ................... Fridericia mutabilis

14. Tendrils uncinate ............................................................................................................................................................................. 15

- Tendrils not uncinate ...................................................................................................................................................................... 19

15. Prophylls of the axillary buds ovate; calyx campanulate ........................................................................... Dolichandra unguis-cati

- Prophylls of the axillary buds lanceolate; calyx not campanulate ..................................................................................................16

16. Leaflets with margins serrate ............................................................................................................................ Dolichandra dentata

- Leaflets with margins entire ........................................................................................................................................................... 17

17. Branchlets light purple, shiny; corolla orange or red; anthers and stigma exserted ............................... Dolichandra cynanchoides

- Branchlets green; corolla yellow; anthers and stigma inserted ...................................................................................................... 18

18. Stems glabrous to puberulous; fruit oblong, 4-parted .............................................................................. Dolichandra quadrivalvis

- Stems hispid; fruit linear, 2-parted ................................................................................................................... Dolichandra hispida

19. Corolla orange; anthers and stigma exserted ....................................................................................................... Pyrostegia venusta

- Corolla lilac, white or yellow; anthers and stigma inserted ........................................................................................................... 20

20. Calyx and corolla coriaceous .......................................................................................................................................................... 21

- Calyx and corolla membranaceous ................................................................................................................................................. 22

21. Leaflets with base cordate, obtuse or truncate; corolla white or yellow, curved; fruit surface echinate ............................................. .................................................................................................................................................................. Amphilophium crucigerum

- Leaflets with base acute; corolla lilac, not curved; fruit surface smooth .............................................. Amphilophium paniculatum

22. Vegetative parts without smell; corolla lilac ........................................................................................................... Mansoa difficilis

- Vegetative parts clove smelling; corolla white ............................................................................................... Tynanthus micranthus

23. Leaves bi-pinnate; staminode with glandular trichomes, longer than the stamens (Tribe Jacarandeae ) ........................................ 24

- Leaves digitate or tri-foliate; staminode without glandular trichomes, shorter than the stamens ( Tabebuia Alliance ) ................. 26

24. Leaves with 12 pinnae or more ................................................................................................................... Jacaranda mimosifolia *

- Leaves with less than 12 pinnae ..................................................................................................................................................... 25

25. Leaves with 7 to 9 pinnae, leaflet margins entire or wavy .............................................................................. Jacaranda micrantha

- Leaves with 4 to 6 pinnae, leaflet margins serrate ............................................................................................ Jacaranda puberula

26. Leaflets trifoliolate; corolla pinkish-white ......................................................................................................... Tabebuia roseoalba

- Leaflets palmate; corolla lilac or yellow ........................................................................................................................................ 27

27. Leaflet margins entire; corolla lilac ..................................................................................................... Handroanthus impetiginosus

- Leaflet margins serrate; corolla yellow .......................................................................................................................................... 28

28. Leaflets discolorous, green adaxially, whitish abaxially ................................................................................... Handroanthus albus

- Leaflets concolorous, green on both sides ............................................................................................ Handroanthus chrysotrichus