Dianthus ciliatus Gussone (1825: 5)

Terlević, Ana, Ljubičić, Ivica, Tokić, Petar, Rešetnik, Ivana, Shuka, Donald, Siracusa, Giuseppe & Bogdanović, Sandro, 2024, Morphological and nomenclatural notes on Dianthus ciliatus subspecies (Caryophyllaceae), Phytotaxa 661 (3), pp. 213-234 : 221-222

1. Dianthus ciliatus Gussone (1825: 5)

Lectotype (designated here):— ITALY. Popoli-Aquila-Roca Casale , 1824, Gussone s.n. (NAP-Gussone Generale!, Fig. 6).

= Dianthus racemosus Visiani (1829: 12) ≡ Dianthus ciliatus subsp. racemosus ( Visiani 1829:12) Hayek (1924: 246) ≡ Dianthus ciliatus var. racemosus ( Visiani 1829:12) Visiani (1852: 162) .

Lectotype (designated here):— CROATIA. Dalmatia. Sib.co [Sibenico] in colle S. Giorgio , s.d., Visiani s.n. ( PAD-HD05069 !, right specimen).

Notes: —In 1825 Gussone published the name Dianthus ciliatus in Index Seminum Horto Regio in Boccadifalco, with the following short description: “ D. Hornemanni Dc. affinis; sed distinguitur petalis nunquam incise, foliis enerviis. In Aprutio ”. Subsequently, Gussone (1826) provided a very detailed description ( Gussone 1826: 168) and iconography of D. ciliatus ( Gussone 1826: tab. 33). In addition, he provided more precise information on type of habitat and localities where D. ciliatus was found: “ In collibus aridissimis calcareis, et ad radices montium Aprutii meridiem spectantibus; Rajano, Sulmona, al Morrone da Popoli a Pacentro ”. Examining herbarium materials in Gussone’s collection in NAP we were able to trace two herbarium sheets collected in 1824 from Popoli-Aquila and Morrone-Rocacasale in Abruzzo, that are part of the original material. We chose the specimen from NAP-Gussone Generale as a lectotype of the name D. ciliatus ( Fig. 6).

Habitat and phenology: —In Italy, this species ( Fig. 2A, H ) grows on dry rocky places, calcareous rocky grasslands within the sub-Mediterranean zone, while in Croatia within the eu-Mediterranean zone on the same habitats and also on littoral rocky places, inland cliffs and along the roads. The flowering period of this species is from late May to late July and fructifying period is in summer from late June to late July.

General distribution: — Italy and Croatia ( Fig. 1 ). Typical Dianthus ciliatus occurs in central Apennine Peninsula in following regions: Abruzzo, Marche, Molise, Toscana and Puglia, and along the northern part of the eastern Adriatic coast in the following Croatian regions: Istria, Kvarner, northern and central Dalmatia.

Other original material examined: — ITALY. Morrone sopra Roca Casale, 9 August 1824, Gussone s.n. (NAPGussone Generale!).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Localities of sampled populations of taxa belonging to the endemic amphi-Adriatic Dianthus ciliatus used for morphometric analyses (n = 27 populations). Type localities are indicated with thick black symbol outlines.

FIGURE 2. Morphological details of corolla and calyx in Dianthus ciliatus subsp. ciliatus (A, B), D. ciliatus subsp. dalmaticus (C, D), and D. ciliatus subsp. medunensis (E, F, G). Habitus of D. ciliatus from Popoli (locus classicus) in Abruzzo, Italy (H), and floral quantitative characters analysed (I). Photographs by S. Bogdanović.