Neuronema ypsilum Zhao, Yan & Liu, 2013

Zhao, Yang, Yan, Bingzhen & Liu, Zhiqi, 2013, New species of Neuronema McLachlan, 1869 from China (Neuroptera, Hemerobiidae), Zootaxa 3710 (6), pp. 557-564 : 559-561

Neuronema ypsilum Zhao, Yan & Liu , sp. nov.

( Figs. 1 , 3–11 )

Diagnosis. CuA, inner gradate series and R veins form a distinct triangular-shaped brown area in forewing. Male: the mediuncus is slender, stretching out from the ectoproct; the parabaculum is Y-shaped from dorsal view. Female: margins of the subgenitale are upturned, spoon-shaped in lateral view.

Measurements. Forewing length 10.0– 11.5 mm, width 5.6–5.9 mm. Hindwing length 4.7–5.2 mm, width 4.7– 5.2 mm. Body length 7.0–9.0 mm.

Description. Head. Yellow brown. Vertex with four brown spots. Antenna hyaline amber, apex of each segment of flagellum darker than the basal part. Labrum brown, labial palpus 3-segmented, pale yellow. Maxillary palpus 5-segmented.

Thorax. Brown. Pronotum saddle-shaped with a central elongated dark brown stripe, lateral margins of pronotum densely covered with brown long setae. Mesotergum brown with black brown prescutum, covered with sparse yellow setae; scutum of metathorax dark brown. Leg yellowish-brown, densely covered with yellow setae; apical and basal portions tibiae of foreleg and midleg with a brown spot. Hindleg lacking spots.

Wings ( Fig. 1 ). Forewing pale yellowish-brown, with small brown spots and densely covered yellowish-brown setae on veins. Veins along margin and R veins dark colored. CuA, inner gradate series and R veins form a trianglular-shaped brown area. The area from proximal wing to inner gradate series between M and CuA dark colored, forming a brown stripe. CuA dark brown, but the vein transparent between inner gradate series and the first branching point. 3 sc-r crossveins present, two proximally and one distally. 2–4 pre-3ir1 crossveins. Anterior radial trace bearing 5–6 Rs, ORB1 simple or bifurcated, with four secondary traces distally, others simple. MA simple and MP forked twice into four branches before inner gradate series. CuA with 6–7 branches, forked before middle gradate series, CuP proximally forked to two branches before inner gradate series. Outer gradate series 19– 21 crossveins, first 11 crossveins transparent. Middle gradate series 14–15 crossveins. Inner gradate series 7 crossveins, linked by two crossveins posteriorly. Cubitus gradate series 5 crossveins, between outer and middle gradate series, much closer to the middle. Hindwing brown. Inner and outer gradate series transparent. Rs with 8– 11 branches, M proximally forked to 2 branches at proximal hindwing. CuA with 7 branches, CuP simple. Outer gradate series 18; inner 7.

Male terminalia ( Fig. 3 ). Ectoproct approximate triangle. Posterior margin with some inward small teeth. Callus cerci oval. Mediuncus of gonarcus ( Fig. 4–5 ) especially slender, stretching out of the ectoproct. Entoprocessus absent. Parabaculum ( Fig. 6–7 ) Y-shaped from dorsal view; parabacular apophysis slender; proximal terminal lobe circular-shaped, lateral margins irregular and rolled up, posterior terminal lobe tapered and bent outward; laterobaculum approximate conical from dorsal view, posterior tapered and dorsolateral opening. Hypandrium internum ( Fig. 8 ) trapezoidal. Female terminalia ( Fig. 9 ). Ectoproct approximate triangular in lateral view. Subgenitale ( Fig. 10–11 ) unusual, all margins upturned like spoon-shaped from lateral view; gonapophyses posteriores located in the posterior subgenitale, with 6–8 yellowish brown setae on the surface.

Distribution. China (Beijing, Shaanxi)

Material examined. Holotype, Male, CHINA: Beijing: Mentougou county, Xiaolongmen. 14.vii.2005, Bingzhen Yan ( CAU) . Paratypes, 2 males and 1 female, same as holotype.

Additional material. CHINA: Beijing, Mentougou county, Baihuashan , 30.vii.2005, Mingxia Sun, 1 male ( CAU) ; Shaanxi province, Yulin city, Hengshan county , in an orchard, vi.1980, Jianhua Wei, 1 male and 1 female ( CAU) ; Shaanxi province, Yulin city, Yuyang county , miaotaizi, x.1980, Shaoyou Liu, 2 male and 1 female ( CAU) ; Shaanxi province, Yulin city, Hengshan county , viiii.1980, Jianhua Wei, 1 Female, ( CAU) ; Shaanxi province, Baoji city, Qishan county, Taibai mountain , 13.viii.1980, [no collector data], 1 female ( CAU) .

Etymology. The specific name refers to the characteristic Y-shaped parabaculum from dorsal view.

Remarks. This new species is very unique in both male and female terminalia. In the male, the parabaculum is Y-shaped from dorsal view; laterobaculum broad and approximate conical. In the female, the subgenitale is spoonshaped from lateral view; gonapophyses posteriores born in posterior subgenitale and fused into a plate with 6–8 yellowish brown setae on the surface.

Figures

FIGURES 1–2. Wings. 1, Neuronema ypsilum sp. nov.; 2, Neuronema maculosum sp. nov.

FIGURES 3–11. Neuronema ypsilum sp. nov. 3, male terminalia, lateral view; 4, gonarcus, dorsal view; 5, ditto, lateral view; 6, parabaculum, dorsal view; 7, ditto, lateral view; 8, hypandrium internum, ventral view; 9, female terminalia, lateral view; 10, subgenitale, lateral view; 11, ditto, dorsal view.