Scathophaga stercoraria ( Linnaeus, 1758 )

Ozerov, A. L. & Krivosheina, M. G., 2021, A review of the genus Scathophaga Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Scathophagidae) of Russia, Russian Entomological Journal 30 (2), pp. 201-246 : 237-238

Scathophaga stercoraria ( Linnaeus, 1758)

Figs 2 , 38, 115–117.

stercoraria Linnaeus, 1758: 599 ( Musca ). Type-locality: not given (? Sweden).

merdaria Fabricius, 1794: 344 ( Musca ). Type-locality: “Habitat Kiliae” [= Kiel, Germany].

erythrostoma Holmgren, 1883: 176 ( Scatomyza ). Type-locality: “Matotschkin Scharr” [Matochkin Schar, Novaya Zemya] ( Russia); [synonymized by Šifner, 2008: 170].

asticha Szilády, 1926: 594 ( Scatophaga , as ab. of merdaria ). Type-localities: “Budapest und Pusztapó, aus Tunis und aus dem Kaukasus” ( Hungary, Tunisia, Russia).

asticha Szilády, 1926: 594 ( Scatophaga , as ab. of stercoraria ). Type-locality: “Topánfalva” [= Cîmpeni] Roumania).

disticha Szilády, 1926: 594 ( Scatophaga , as ab. of stercoraria ). Type-localities: “verschiedenen Gegenden Ungarns und aus Tomsk, Sibirien” ( Hungary and Russia).

nigricans Szilády, 1926: 595 ( Scatophaga , as var. of stercoraria ). Type-locality: “ Island ” ( Iceland).

polysticha Szilády, 1926: 594 ( Scatophaga , as ab. of merdaria ). Type-localities: “ Ungarn und Tunis ” ( Hungary and Tunisia).

alpestre Sack, 1937: 58 ( Scopeuma , as var. of stercoraria ). Type-locality; not given.

REMARKS. This species was registered in Russia by many authors (e.g., Hendel [1930: 2], Gorodkov [1970: 451, 1986: 33], Sychevskaya [1972: 150], Veselkin [1985: 75], Verves et al. [1990: 141], Ovchinnikov [2004: 422], Ozerov [2009: 379], Ozerov & Krivosheina [2014: 218], Ozerov & Barkalov [2014: 564], Bagachanova et al. [2016: 782, 783], Ovchinnikov & Makarova [2016: 217], MacGowan et al. [2021: 17]).

Gorodkov published a map with the distribution area of this species on the territory of the former USSR and separately on its European part [ Gorodkov, 1981: map 121], but without names of the points.

MATERIAL EXAMINED. About 4000 specimens taken from the majority of Regions of Russia were examined in the collections of ZMUM and ZISP, including pubished material [ Ozerov & Krivosheina, 2014: 218, 219; Ozerov & Barkalov, 2014: 564].

DESCRIPTION. Male. Female ( Fig. 2 ). Body-length 4.6–9.8 mm.

Color, length, and thickness of hairs on the body vary greatly, with males usually paler than females. As a rule, thorax, abdomen, and legs of male with dense, golden hairs, and females with less dense, greenishyellow or black hairs. Chaetotaxy better seen in females (Fig. 00), and black setae in males often hidden among dense hairs. Pollination on thorax, abdomen, and legs varies from golden-yellow to greenish-grey in both sexes.

Head. Frontal vitta reddish-yellow, with delicate whitish reflection; fronto-orbital plate black, greyish dusted. Face, parafacial and gena yellow, with delicate whitish or golden reflection. Postcranium black. 3 orbital and 3– 6 frontal setae present. Antenna black. Postpedicel approximately 2 times as long as wide. Arista pubescent or plumose, the longest hairs approximately equal or more than 1/2 width of postpedicel. Palpus yellow.

Thorax black, densely greyish dusted, with dark stripes and fuzzy spots on scutum and scutellum. Acrostichals setulose in two rows, but prescutellar pair strong- er than the other acrostichals, dorsocentrals 2+3, intra-alars 1+2, supra-alars 1+2, postpronotals 2. Anepimeron covered with hairs. Scutellum black, greyish dusted, with a pair of strong basal scutellar and a pair of strong apical scutellar setae, also with a pair of discal setulae.

Legs densely greyish dusted. All coxae black; all femora black, except apex; all tibiae and tarsi yellow. Fore femur covered with hairs, with a row of thin ventral setae in both sexes, additionally with a row of dorsal setae in female. Fore tibia with 2–3 dorsal, 1–2 posterior, 1 preapical dorsal, and 1 posterior apical setae. Mid femur with a row of anterodorsal setae, also with 1 preapical posterior and 1 preapical posterodorsal setae in both sexes. Mid tibia with 3–4 posterodorsal, 3 anterodorsal, 1–2 anteroventral, 1 posteroventral setae and a ring of apicals. Hind femur with 2–5 anterodorsal setae in apical third or half in male and a row of anterodorsal setae in female. Hind tibia with 3–4 anterodorsal, 3–4 posterodorsal, 1–2 anterior, 1 preapical dorsal, 1 preapical anterodorsal, 1 apical anterior and 1 apical anteroventral setae in both sexes, additionally with 2–3 anteroventral setae in female.

Wing tinged with brownish; crossvein r-m slightly to distinctly darkened, crossveins r-m as a rule not darkened.

Abdomen black, densely greyish dusted, covered with dense hairs in male; in female tergites with black marginal setulae. Male sternite 4 approximately 2 times as long as wide (Fig. 38); sternite 5 with short lateral lobes and a pair of short median processes ( Fig. 115). Epandrium, cercal plate and surstyli as in Figs 116, 117.

Description and figures of female ovipositor are given by Ovchinnikov [2009: 625, 626].

DISTRIBUTION. Throughout Holarctic region; Oriental region: China, India, Nepal [ Vockeroth, 1977: 438], Vietnam [ Ozerov, Krivosheina, 2011: 3]; Haiti [ Vockeroth, 2010: 1269]; the commonest species.

Figures

Figs 1–2. Males of Scathophaga obscura (Fallén) (1) and Scathophaga stercoraria (Linnaeus) (2). Photographs by D.I. Gavryushin. 2 — after Ozerov & Freidberg, 2011, fig. 24. Рис. 1–2. Самцы Scathophaga obscura (Fallén) (1) и Scathophaga stercoraria (Linnaeus) (2). Фото Д.И. ГаврюШина. 2 — по Ozerov & Freidberg, 2011, fig. 24.