Probolodus, Eigenmann, 1911

Santos, Osmar & Castro, Ricardo M. C., 2014, Taxonomy of Probolodus Eigenmann, 1911 (Characiformes: Characidae) with description of two new species, and comments about the phylogenetic relationships and biogeography of the genus, Neotropical Ichthyology 12 (2), pp. 403-418 : 416

Identification key of Probolodus

1. Perforated scales on the lateral line 45-56 (48 most frequent); 18-21 scale series around the caudal peduncle (18 most frequent); 34-35 totals vertebrae (35 most frequent) .................................................................. P. heterostomus ( Figs. 2 , 3 ) (rio Paraíba do Sul basin)

1’. Perforated scales on the lateral line 36-43; 14-16 scale series around the caudal peduncle (14 most frequent); 33-36 totals vertebrae (33 and 34 are most frequent) .............................. 2

2. Seven or eight transverse series of scales from insertion of pelvic fin to lateral line (seven most frequent, eight infrequent); 13-16 scales along middorsal line between posterior terminus of base of dorsal fin and adipose fin (15 most frequent) .............................................. P. oyakawai ( Figs. 2 , 5 ) (rio Ribeira de Iguape basin)

2’.Six transverse series of scales from insertion of pelvic fin to lateral line; 12 scales along middorsal line between posterior terminus of base of dorsal fin and adipose fin ............................................................................. P. sazimai ( Figs. 2 , 7 ) (tributaries of the rio Itapemirim and drainages of the rio Doce basin)

Figures

Fig. 2. Geographic distribution of Probolodus oyakawai (squares), P. heterostomus (circles), and P. sazimai (triangle); star indicates type locality. 1) rio Ribeira de Iguape, 2) rio Tietê, in upper rio Paraná basin, 3) rio Paraíba do Sul, 4) rio Itapemirim, 5) rio Doce, 6) rio Mucuri, 7) rio Jequitinhonha. Symbols may represent more than one locality.

Fig. 3. Probolodus heterostomus, holotype, FMNH 54328, 49.0 mm SL, Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, município de Campos, rio Paraíba do Sul basin.

Fig. 5. Probolodus oyakawai, holotype, MZUSP 114013, 40.6 mm SL, Brazil, São Paulo, município de Iporanga, rio Ribeira de Iguape basin.

Fig. 7. Probolodus sazimai, holotype, MCP 47870, 56.7 mm SL, Brazil, Minas Gerais, município de Ipatinga, rio Taquaruçu, rio Doce basin.