Orchestina dentifera Simon, 1893

Izquierdo, Matías Andrés & Ramírez, Martín J., 2017, Taxonomic Revision Of The Jumping Goblin Spiders Of The Genus Orchestina Simon, 1882, In The Americas (Araneae: Oonopidae), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2017 (410), pp. 1-1 : 1-

Orchestina dentifera Simon, 1893

Figures 25–27 , 36D–F , 41A , 43 , 44C , map 5, 24

Orchestina dentifera Simon, 1893a: 248 (one male, four females, and one juvenile syntypes from Sri Lanka (ex Ceylan), Kandy!, date not provided, M.E. Simon, deposited in MNHN 6025 (additional number 15250), PBI_OON 50024; examined) – Simon, 1893d: 294 – Dalmas, 1916: 232, figs. 21, 27.

Orchestina justini Saaristo, 2001: 356 , figs. 190– 195 (male holotype from Seychelles: Silhouette , Anse Cimitiare, under Casuarina bark, Jan.17, 1999, M. Saaristo leg., deposited in MZUT 1250, PBI_OON 50030; same data, 3 male and 3 female paratypes, from old stems of Ipomea hanging down from stones, Jan. 18, 1999, M. Saaristo leg., deposited in MZUT 1251 (partim), PBI_OON 50029; all examined). NEW SYNONYMY.

SYNONYMY: The species was first described by Simon (1893a) and later redescribed by Dalmas (1916); both authors noted the conical projections on the chelicerae, which is the most conspicuous characteristic of males, although illustrations were provided only by Dalmas. Later Saaristo (2001) described a new species from the Seychelles without any comparison or mention to the one previously described by Simon. We have examined only one vial from the MNHN with no details about the type status of the specimens. The locality is the same for those specimens described by Simon, so it is quite possible that this vial contains the syntypes because, as far as we know, it is the only vial available from that museum. We have compared the American specimens (figs. 25, 27) with the type material described by Saaristo and the material from the MNHN (fig. 26) and did not find any significant differences. The species is amply distributed in tropical areas throughout the world, so it is not surprising that it occurs in the Seychelles and Sri Lanka.

The material from the MNHN is in good condition although for detailed descriptions we have used material from Brazil.

MALE (PBI_OON 42164): Total length 1.00. Habitus as in figures 25A, C, 26A. CEPHALO- THORAX: Clypeus margin unmodified, curved downward in front view, vertical in lateral view, high, ALE separated from edge of carapace by their radius or more, setae dark, needlelike. Sternum as long as wide, pale orange, anterior margin unmodified, coloration as carapace (fig. 26C). Chelicerae, endites, labium pale orange. Chelicerae anterior face with strong, conical pro- jections on median line (figs. 25G, 26B, 27A, E), promargin with three long, near parallel setae (fig. 27A, C), fang unmodified (fig. 27F). Labium elongated hexagon, same as sternum in sclerotization; with six or more needlelike setae on anterior margin, median region with two pairs of flattened setae (fig. 27B). Endites without serrula, anteromedian tip unmodified, anterior dorsal region excavated (fig. 27D). ABDOMEN: Ovoid, dorsum soft portions white, with gray netlike pattern. LEGS: Yellow; spination, metatarsi: IV d0-0-1; p0-0-1; r0-0-1. GENITALIA: Proximal segments yellow, femur sinuous; patella attached to tibia subbasally, cymbium yellow, ovoid in dorsal view; bulb pale orange, more than 2× as long as cymbium, stout, spherical; embolus short, dark; sperm duct not highly coiled, with only one loop (figs. 36D–F, 43).

FEMALE (PBI_OON 42163): Total length 1.00. Habitus as in figures 25B, D, 26D. CEPHALO-

THORAX: Carapace yellow (fig. 25E). Clypeus slightly sloping forward. PLE-PME separated by less than PME radius. Chelicerae anterior face unmodified, promargin with needlelike setae. Endites with serrula in single row. LEGS: Spination, metatarsi: IV d0-0-1; p0-0-1; r0-0-1. GENI-

TALIA: Epigastric region with highly convex ridge (fig. 44C); external and internal pockets absent; anterior receptaculum with wide, rounded base, bifid tip; posterior receptaculum present, posterior apodeme bar shaped (figs. 41A, 44C).

DISTRIBUTION: Besides the type locality, also known from Haiti, Jamaica, Brazil, and Seychelles ( maps 5 and 24 ). The species has been also collected in other regions of the world such as Isla Reunion (Indian Ocean) and Tanzania (A. Henrard, personal commun.).

OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED: HAITI: Damiens: Port-au-Prince, 31 m (18.53926°, -72.33640°), Nov. 09, 1959, A. Nadler, 13 ( AMNH, PBI _ OON 1977 ), same, Nov. 10, 1959, A. Nadler, 2♀ ( AMNH, PBI _ OON 1978 ). Mariani: Haiti, 21 m (18.53802°, -72.60994°), Nov. 12, 1959, A. Nadler, 1♀ ( AMNH, PBI _ OON 1976 ). DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: La Romana: Altos de Chavón on west bank of Rio Chavón (18.40000°, -68.88333°), Nov. 12, 1990, S. Larcher, 13, 1♀ ( USNM, PBI _OON 42561). Nacional: Ciudad Trujillo, 1 m (18.46666°, -69.90000°), Mar. 03, 1955, A. Nadler, 23 ( AMNH, PBI _ OON 1321 ). JAMAICA: Kingston: Botanical Gardens, Nov. 16, 1959, A. Nadler, 23, 2♀ ( MCZ, PBI _OON 29412) ; Kingston (17.96666°, -76.80000°), Dec. 06, 1954, A. Nadler, 3♀ ( MCZ, PBI _OON 29410). Saint Andrew: Hope Gardens (18.03333°, -76.75000°), Nov. 02, 1957, A. Chickering, 1♀ ( AMNH, PBI _ OON 1489 ) ; Hope Gardens, Kingston (18.03333°, -76.75000°), Dec. 09, 1954, A. Nadler, 2♀ ( AMNH, PBI _OON 29408) ; same data, Mar. 16, 1955, A. Nadler, 5♀ ( MCZ, PBI _OON 29409) ; same data, Dec. 09, 1954, A. Nadler, 2♀, 6 juveniles, sex unknown ( AMNH, PBI _OON 29411) ; same data, Mar. 14, 1955, A. Nadler, 23, 6 juveniles, sex unknown ( MCZ, PBI _OON 29414) ; Liguanea (18.01666°, -76.76667°), Oct. 25, 1957, A. Chickering, 33, 2♀ ( AMNH, PBI _ OON 1499 ) ; same data, 13, 1♀ ( MCZ, PBI _ OON 1501 ) ; Liguanea, Mona Road (18.01666°, -76.76667°), Oct. 15, 1937, A. Chickering, 13 ( MCZ, PBI _ OON 1987 ) ; Long Mt , 413 m (17.98401°, -76.74970°), Oct. 26, 1957, A. Chickering, 13 ( MCZ, PBI _ OON 1500 ) ; Stony Hill, 497 m (18.07900°, -76.78300°), Oct. 18, 1957, A. Chickering, 13 ( AMNH, PBI _ OON 1488 ). BRAZIL: Bahía: Salvador: Jardim Botânico de Salvador , 29 m (-12.94139°, -38.39083°), Jan. 01, 2008, A. Andrade et al., 1♀ ( IBSP 141016 , PBI _OON 42644). Pará: Belém: Parque Zoobotânico (-1.45333°, -48.47638°), Mar. 30, 2009, B.V.B. Rodrigues, 1♀ ( MPEG 18950 , PBI _OON 42163) ; same data, 13 ( MPEG 18951 , PBI _OON 42164) .

Figures

MAP 5. Distribution map of Orchestina dentifera in Caribbean region. The species reaches the southernmost distribution in Brazil, see map 24.

FIGURE 25. Orchestina dentifera, specimens from Brazil. A, C, F, G. Male. B, D, E. Female. A, B. Habitus dorsal. C, D. Habitus lateral. E, F. Cephalothorax dorsal. G. Cephalothorax anterior. Asterisks indicate conical projections on the anterior margin of chelicerae. Scale bars: 0.5 mm, except E, 0.2 mm. (PBI_OON 42164).

FIGURE 26. Orchestina dentifera, probable syntypes. A–C. Male. D. Female. A. Habitus dorsal. B. Habitus anterior, asterisks indicate the conical projections on the anterior face of chelicerae. C. Sternum and labium. D. Habitus lateral. Scale bars: A, D. 0.5 mm. B, C. 0.2 mm. (PBI_OON 50024).

FIGURE 27. Orchestina dentifera, SEM of male cephalothorax structures. A. Prosoma lateral view. B. Labium; arrow points to the modified setae. C. Chelicerae promargin; arrow points to the three pairs of long setae. D. Detail of endite. E. Detail of the conical projection of chelicerae. F. Detail of cheliceral fang. Scale bars: A. 200 μm. B, C, E. 50 μm. D, F. 20 μm. (PBI_OON 1321).

FIGURE 36. Orchestina spp., palps of males. A–C. O . chaparrita, holotype. D–F. O . dentifera, specimen from Brazil. G–I. O . laselva, holotype. A, D, G. Prolateral. B, E, H. Dorsal. C, F, I. Retrolateral. Scale bars: 0.2 mm. (PBI_OON 1085, 42164, 27936).

FIGURE 41. Orchestina spp., cleared female genitalia, ventral view. A. O . dentifera. B. O . guatemala. C. O . truncata. D. O . labarquei. E. O . campana. F. O . chiriqui. Asterisks indicate internal pockets. Scale bars: 0.2 mm. (PBI_OON 42163, 38165, 30900, 42305, 42296, 42562).

FIGURE 43. Orchestina dentifera, drawings of male palps. A–C. Specimen from Brazil. D–F. Probable type specimen from Sri Lanka. A, B, D, E. Prolateral. C, F. Dorsal. Scale bars: A, D. 0.5 mm. B, C, E, F. 0.1 mm. (PBI_OON 42164, 50024).

FIGURE 44. Orchestina spp., drawings of female genitalia, ventral view. A. O . nahuatl. B. O . chaparrita. C. O . dentifera. D. O . guatemala. E. O . truncata. F. O . chiriqui. G. O . labarquei. H. O . laselva. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. (PBI_OON 1092, 1085, 42163, 38165, 30900, 42562, 42305, 27943).