Flavobacterium eburneum, Hwang & Kim & Kang & Ahn, 2017

Hwang, Woon Mo, Kim, Dohak, Kang, Keunsoo & Ahn, Tae-Young, 2017, Flavobacterium eburneum sp. nov., isolated from reclaimed saline land soil, International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 67 (1), pp. 55-59 : 58

DESCRIPTION OF FLAVOBACTERIUM EBURNEUM SP. NOV.

Flavobacterium eburneum (e.bur′ ne.um. L. neut. adj. eburneum ivory-coloured).

Cells are Gram-stain-negative, aerobic and rod-shaped. Cells do not have flagella but exhibit gliding motility ( Fig. S1 ). Cells are 0.3–0.5 µm in diameter and 1.5–1.8 µm in length. Growth occurs at 10–35 Ǫ C (optimum 25–30 Ǫ C), at pH 6.0–9.0 (optimum pH 7.0–7.5), and with 0–2.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 0 %). Although colonies grown on R2A agar are ivory in colour, different morphological characteristics are observed in the presence or absence of sodium chloride. In the presence of 1 % (w/v) sodium chloride, colonies are circular and convex, with a regular margin. Colonies grown without sodium chloride are irregular and swarming with a curled-margin. No growth difference is observed in 0–1.0 % (w/v) sodium chloride. In R2A broth and on R2A agar, growth is inhibited with 2 % (w/v) sodium chloride and 3 % (w/v) sodium chloride, respectively. Growth occurs on A&O, NA, and TSA but not on MacConkey agar. Flexirubin-type and carotenoid pigments are absent. Nitrate reduction is observed in nitrate broth. Cells are positive for catalase activity but negative for oxidase activity; positive for acid production from lactose but negative for acid production from fructose, glucose, mannitol and sucrose; and positive for hydrolysis of CM-cellulose and starch but negative for hydrolysis of aesculin (aesculin iron agar) and gelatin. In API ZYM tests, positive results are observed for for acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, Oi -chymotrypsin, Oi - fucosidase, Oi -glucosidase, esterase lipase (C8), leucine arylamidase, naphtol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase and N -acetyl- β - glucosaminidase activities, weakly positive results for esterase (C4) activity, and negative results for Oi -galactosidase, Oi -mannosidase, β -galactosidase, β -glucosidase, β -glucuronidase, crystine arylamidase, lipase (C14), trypsin and valine arylamidase activities. The Vitek GN system produced positive results for Ala-Phe-Pro arylamidase, Oi -glucosidase, D- glucose, maltose, Glu-Gly-Arg arylamidase, glutamyl arylamidase pNA, L- pyrrolidonyl arylamidase, N -acetyl- β -galactosaminidase, N - acetyl- β -glucosaminidase, phosphatase and tyrosine arylamidase, and negative reactions for adonitol, Oi -galactosidase, β - alanine arylamidase pNA, β -galactosidase, β -glucosidase, β -glucuronidase, β -xylosidase, coumarate, cellobiose, D- mannitol, D- mannose, D- sorbitol, D- tagatose, trehalose, ellman, 5- keto-D- gluconate, Ƴ -glutamyl-transferase, glucose fermentation, glycine arylamidase, lipase, L- arabitol, L- histidine assimilation, L- lactate alkalinization, L- lactate assimilation, L- malate assimilation, L- proline arylamidase, lysine decarboxylase, malonate, ornithine decarboxylase, O/129 resistance (comp. vibrio), palatinose, sodium citrate, succinate alkalinization, sucrose and urease. Cells are resistant to bacitracin, kanamycin and polymyxin B, but susceptible to ampicillin, cefotaxime, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, gentamicin, novobiocin, penicillin G, rifampicin, streptomycin and tetracycline. Major cellular fatty acids (>7 % of total) are iso-C 15: 0, summed feature 3 (C Ɯ 7с and/or C 16: 1 Ɯ 6с), iso-C 17: 0 3-OH, and iso-C 15: 0 3-OH. The major polar lipids are phosphatidylethanolamine, one unknown aminolipid, one unknown glycolipid, one unknown aminophospholipid and three unknown lipids. The major respiratory quinone is MK-6.

The type strain, SA31 T (= KACC 18743 T = JCM 31221 T), was isolated from reclaimed saline land soil at Bunam Lake in Taean-gun , South Korea. Th e DNA G+C content of the type strain is 33.5 mol% .

Figures

Fig. 1. Phylogenetic tree reconstructed using the neighbour-joining method based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, and showings the position of strain SA31T and its closely related species. Escherichia coli ATCC 11775T (GenBank accession no. JMST01000030) was used as an outgroup. Evolutionary distances were computed using Kimura’s 2-parameter method [21] and are given in units of number of base substitutions per site. Bootstrap values (expressed as percentages of 1000 iterations)>50 % are shown at branch points. Filled circles indicate branches found in phylogenetic consensus trees generated with the maximum-likelihood method. Bar, 0.02 nucleotide substitutions per nucleotide position.