Cylapus tenuicornis ( Say, 1832 )

Wolski, Andrzej, 2017, Taxonomic review of the plant bug genera Amapacylapus and Cylapus with descriptions of two new species and a key to the genera of Cylapini (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae), Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) 57 (2), pp. 399-455 : 443-448

Cylapus tenuicornis ( Say, 1832)

( Figs 52, 53, 64 , 120–139)

Capsus (Cylapus) tenuicornis Say, 1832: 26 (new species).

Cylapus tenuicornis: UHLER (1886) : 20 (list); POPPIUS (1909): 10, 43 (list); VAN DUZEE (1916): 42 (list), VAN DUZEE (1917): 364 (list); KNIGHT (1918): 42, pl 3, Fig. 40 (key), BERGROTH (1920): 71 (list); BLATCHLEY (1926): 877 (list); KNIGHT (1941): 4, 19, 21, 61, Figs 21 , 31 (diagnosis); CARVALHO (1955): pl. l: Fig. 2, pl. 5: Fig. 49 (key to genera); CARVALHO (1957): 31 (catalog); CARVALHO & FONTES (1968): 275 (list); KELTON (1959): 50, Fig. 138 (male genitalia); AKINGBOHUNGBE et al. (1973): 12 (description of fifth instar); WHEELER (1980): 484, Fig.8 (rectal organ); WHEELER et al. (1983): 143 (list); HENRY & WHEELER (1988): 271, Fig. 83 (catalog); WHEELER & WHEELER (1994): 115 (associations with pyrenomycete fungi); SCHUH (1995): 24 (catalog); GORCZYCA (2000): 26, Figs 8–9 (head); GORCZYCA (2006b): 17 (catalog); SCHUH (2013) (online catalog).

Type designation. NEOTYPE: J (here designated), USA: MARYLAND: “ Maryland : Cecil Co. Pleasant Hill 14–16 July

1989 W.E. Steiner & J. M. Swearingen; NEOTYPE:J Cylapus tenuicornis ( Say 1832) desig. by A.Wolski ” ( USNM).

Other specimens examined. USA: MARYLAND: 2 JJ 3 ♀♀, “Maryland: Cecil Co. Pleasant Hill 14–16 July 1989

W. E. Steiner & J. M. Swearingen ” ( USNM); 2 JJ 3 ♀♀, “Blad[en]sb[ur]g, M[arylan]d ; O. Heidemann ” ( USNM) ;

4 JJ 4 ♀♀, “Plummer Is[land] M[arylan]d” ( USNM) ; 1J, “Plummer Is, Md, July 20, 1926, H.H. Knight ( Fig. 53)”

( ZSMC); 1 ♀, “ USA: VA: Loudoun Co. Near junction of Goose Creek and Sycolin Rd., Malaise trap, ANIMAL ,

July 10–23 1999, Cathy J. Anderson ” ( ZSMC); 1 J, “Six Mile Ithaca 24.2.1940, N. Y., P.P. Babiy leg” ( ZSMC) ; 1

♀, “Six Mile Ithaca 23.8.1939, N. Y., P.P. Babiy leg; ♀, Six Mile Ithaca 30.07.1939, N.Y., P.P. Babiy leg.” ( Fig. 52)

( ZSMC); 1 ♀, “Plummers Isl, Md 168 9, Schwartz & Barber Coll; 1 J, Plummers I, II. 7, 09 Md, W.L. McAtee,

Collector, Collection WL McAtee” ( MRAC). VIRGINIA: 1 J, “Scott’s Run, July 25, 15 V?; WL McAtee Collector;

Collection WL McAtee 1942” ( USNM). WEST VIRGINIA: 1 ♀, “ USA, WV, Jackson Co. Evans, 1–IX–1992, S.F.

Hutchinson Lindgren funnel trap, lumber yard; Barcode of Life,DNA voucher specimen Sample CCDB–21309–A03;

BOLD Proc. ID: SIHET 383–13” ( USNM).

Diagnosis. Recognized by the following set of features: antennal segment II in both sexes thinner than segment I ( Figs 52, 53); pronotum with yellow, longitudinal stripe medially ( Figs 52, 53); scutellum with three patches: two basolaterally and one apically ( Figs 52, 53); corium with four yellow patches ( Figs 52, 53); sclerite es1 short with basal two thirds nearly cylindrical, apical one third round, strongly serrate; es2 short, with basal two thirds strongly broadened toward apex, apical one third globose, strongly serrate; es3 nearly triangular, serrate; es4 weakly arcuate, sharply pointed apically and basally ( Fig. 135 ); sensory lobe of left paramere weakly developed ( Figs 136, 137 ).

Most similar to C. stellatus and C. striatus in sharing pronotum with yellow stripe medially and scutellum with three patches ( Figs 48–53). It can, however, be distinguished by the coloration of corium and the male genitalia.

Redescription. Male. Coloration ( Figs 52, 53, 64 ). Dorsum dark brown with yellow and blackish areas. Head. Vertex brown, broadly tinged with yellow apically; frons brown, broadly tinged with yellow laterally and medially; maxillary and mandibular plates, buccula and gula brown yellow; clypeus brown with longitudinal, yellow stripe along entire length; antennal segment I dark castaneous, narrowly yellow basally; segment II varying from dirty yellowish to brown, narrowly dark brown basally, with dark brown or dark castaneous annulation near apex and white annulation apically; antennal segments III and IV varying from brown to dark brown; labium dark brown with dark castaneous and dirty yellow areas. Thorax. Pronotum varying from dark brown to blackish; collar contrastingly yellow; calli entirely dark brown to blackish; anterolateral portion with relatively large dirty yellow or yellow patch; medial portion with yellow, longitudinal stripe originating from posterior margin of calli and terminating at posterior margin of disc. Mesoscutum and scutellum dark brown to blackish; scutellum with three yellow patches: two basolaterally and one apically. Thoracic pleura proepisternum and proepimeron dark brown, sometimes broadly tinged with yellow; remaining pleura dark castaneous, mesepimeron sometimes tinged with yellow; metathoracic scent gland evaporative area and peritreme contrastingly yellow. Hemelytron dark brown with yellow areas; corium with four yellow patches: one situated on R+M vein basally, two situated medially and one situated apicolaterally; clavus with narrow patch basally and apically and with broad yellow patch on inner angle; membrane fuscous tinged with yellow. Legs. Coxae dark castaneous; meso- and metacoxae yellow apically; femora dirty yellowish brown with two yellow, more or less developed annulations on apical half; tibiae yellowish brown with yellow annulation medially; tarsi yellowish. Structure, texture and vestiture ( Figs 52, 53, 64 , 120–134).

Head. Antennal segment II thin, thinner than segment I. Thorax. Pronotum calli prominent. Scutellum flat. Male genitalia ( Figs 135–139 ). Aedeagus ( Fig. 135 ). Endosoma with three endosomal sclerites (es1–es4): es1 short with basal two thirds nearly cylindrical, apical one third round, strongly serrate; es2 short, with basal two thirds strongly broadened toward apex, apical one third globose, strongly serrate; es3 nearly triangular, serrate; es4 weakly arcuate, sharply pointed apically and basally. Left paramere ( Figs 136–138 ). Apical process when viewed dorsally broad, with dorsal margin strongly arcuate and ventral margin weakly sinuate; paramere body in dorsal view with dextrolateral margin weakly sinuate and with sinistrolateral margin broadly concave medially, paramere body in lateral view strongly arcuate; sensory lobe weakly developed. Right paramere ( Fig. 139 ). Apical process short, sharply pointed; paramere body with dextrolateral margin sinuate and with sinistrolateral margin arcuate.

Female. Similar to male in coloration, structure, and vestiture.

Measurements (in mm). J / ♀. Body. Length: 5.50–6.60 / 6.50–6.70, width: 2.00–3.20 / 2.40–2.60. Head. Length: 0.50–0.60 / 0.60–0.62, width: 1.25–1.35 / 1.30–1.32, interocular distance: 0.50–0.52. Antenna. Length of segment I: 0.87–1.10 / 0.87–0.97, II: 2.30–2.45 / 2.60–2.70, III: 2.70–3.00 / 3.00–3.10, IV: 2.70–3.60 / 4.25–5.00. Labium. Length of segment I: 0.82–0.87 / 0.85–0.87, II: 0.82–0.92 / 0.87–0.95, III: 0.70–0.75 / 0.85–0.90, IV: 0.45–0.50 / 0.50–0.55. Pronotum. Length: 0.90–1.10 / 1.00–1.10, width of anterior margin: 0.70–1.00 / 1.20–1.30, length of lateral margin: 0.95–1.10 / 1.00–1.10, width of posterior margin: 1.85–2.20 / 2.20–2.30.

Biology. Often observed on fungi on the dead logs ( UHLER 1891), probably associated with and feeding on pyrenomycete fungi (Euascomycetes: Xylariaceae ) ( WHEELER & WHEELER 1994).

Distribution. Canada (Ontario), USA (Connecticut, District of Columbia, Illinois, Indiana, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia) ( GORCZYCA 2006b). Virginia is a new state record.

Remarks. GORCZYCA (2006b), based on HENRY (1976), indicated that the type of C. tenuicornis is destroyed. To ensure stability in nomenclature and to clarify identity of this species I herein designate a male neotype. I take this action under the article 75.1 of the Code (ICZN) which says: “A neotype is the name-bearing type of a nominal species-group taxon designated under conditions specified in this Article when no name-bearing type specimen (i.e. holotype, lectotype, syntype or prior neotype) is believed to be extant and an author considers that a name-bearing type is necessary to define the nominal taxon objectively”.

Figures

Figs 56–65. Lateral view of Cylapus species: 56 – C. amazonicus Carvalho, 1989 (J); 57 – C. antennatus Carvalho & Fontes, 1968 (J); 58 – C. citus Bergroth, 1922 (♀); 59 – C. luridus sp. nov. (J); 60 – C. marginicollis (Distant, 1883) (J); 61 – C. ruficeps Bergroth, 1922 (♀); 62 – C. stellatus (Distant, 1883) (♀); 63 – C. striatus Reuter, 1907 (♀); 64 – C. tenuicornis (Say, 1832) (J); 65 – C. tucuruiensis Carvalho, 1989 (J).

Figs 36–40. Dorsal habitus photographs of Cylapus species: 36 – C. amazonicus Carvalho, 1989 (J); 37–39 – C. antennatus Carvalho & Fontes, 1968 (37 – J holotype, 38 – J, 39 – ♀); 40 – C. citus Bergroth, 1922 (J).

Figs 12–22. Male genitalia of Amapacylapus amapariensis Carvalho & Fontes, 1968 (12–16) and A. unicolor sp. nov. (17–22): 12, 18 – endosoma; 13, 19 – left paramere (dorsal view); 14, 20 – left paramere (right lateral view); 15, 21 – apical process of left paramere; 16, 22 – right paramere (left lateral view); 17 – genital capsule. Abbreviations: bpr = basal process; es = endosomal sclerite; pb = paramere body; pr = proctiger; ps = paramere socket; sl = sensory lobe. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figs 135–144. Male genitalia of Cylapus tenuicornis (Say, 1832) (135–139) and C. tucuruiensis Carvalho, 1989 (140–144): 135, 140 – endosoma; 136, 141 – left paramere (dorsal view); 137, 142 – left paramere (right lateral view); 138, 143 – apical process of left paramere; 139, 144 – right paramere (left lateral view). Abbreviations: bpr = basal process; dss = sclerotized portion of ductus seminis inside endosoma; es1–4 = endosomal sclerites 1–4; pb = paramere body; sg = secondary gonopore; sl = sensory lobe. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figs 8–11. Scanning electron micrographs of Amapacylapus amapariensis Carvalho & Fontes, 1968: 8 – dorsal habitus; 9 – lateral view; 10 – thoracic pleura; 11 – protarsus.Abbreviations: ea = evaporative areas; msp = metathoracic spiracle; pc = posterior carina; per = peritreme.

Figs 80–89. Male genitalia of Cylapus citus Bergroth, 1922 (80–84) and C. luridus sp. nov. (85–89): 80, 85 – endosoma; 81, 86 – left paramere (dorsal view); 82, 87 – left paramere (right lateral view); 83, 88 – apical process of left paramere; 84, 89 – right paramere (left lateral view). Abbreviations: bpr = basal process; dss = sclerotized portion of ductus seminis inside endosoma; es1–4 = endosomal sclerites 1–4; pb = paramere body; sg = secondary gonopore; sl = sensory lobe. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.