Gonaphodiellus, Schmidt, 1913

Dellacasa, Marco, Dellacasa, Giovanni & Gordon, Robert D., 2012, Systematic revision of Gonaphodiellus taxa, with description of two new genera and fourteen new species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae), Insecta Mundi 2012 (230), pp. 1-41 : 3-4

Key to species of Gonaphodiellus

1. Genae rounded, not or faintly protruding from the eyes ............................................................. 2

— Genae obtuse, protruding from the eyes ....................................................................................... 5

2(1). Body oval and relatively less convex; elytra broadened posteriorly ............................................ 3

— Body elongate and relatively more convex; elytra almost subparallel-sided .............................. 4

3(2). Species relatively smaller: length 3.5-4.0 mm; elytra not denticulate at shoulder, interstriae flat. Dark brownish; clypeal margin, side and base of pronotum and apex of elytra yellowish brown. Ecuador, Peru........................................................................... G. nigrinus (Schmidt)

— Species relatively larger: length 5.5-6.0 mm; elytra minutely denticulate at shoulder, interstriae feebly convex. Pale brownish, clypeal margin, pronotum sides, base and preapical declivity of elytra yellowish. Costa Rica, Panama.................................. G. cerropuntanus new species

4(2). Elytral interstriae feebly convex, glabrous, preapically alutaceous thus almost dull; truncation of hind angles of pronotum inwardly sinuate. Dark brownish; clypeal margin and fore angles of pronotum reddish; elytra yellowish spotted basally on second and third interstriae and at shoulder, posteriorly with more or less elongate and widened blackish margined yellowish spots on second, fourth, sixth and seventh interstriae. Length 4.5-5.0 mm. Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Honduras, Mexico (Chiapas), Panama............ G. sexguttatus (Schmidt)

— Elytral interstriae flat, usually shortly sparsely pubescent and rather shiny on apical declivity; truncation of hind angles of pronotum not inwardly sinuate. Yellowish-brown; head anteriorly and pronotum disc brownish; elytra with juxtasutural interstria, base of fifth interstria and preapical declivity brownish, latter including an oblique oval yellowish spot; sometimes elytra entirely dirty yellowish or entirely dark-brownish. Length 4.0-5.0 mm. Guatemala, Mexico.................................................................................................................... G. opisthius (Bates)

5(1). Aedeagus with parameres as long as half of tegmen or less ....................................................... 6

— Aedeagus with parameres almost as long as tegmen ................................................................... 7

6(5). Pronotum on sides dually, somewhat irregularly punctured; clypeal lateral margins arcuate. Brown-yellowish, epistome, pronotal and elytral disc usually darker. Length 5.5-6.0 mm. Colombia, Costa Rica, Panama................................................................ G. pacatus (Harold)

— Pronotum on sides evenly punctured; clypeal lateral margins straight. Brownish-yellow; head, pronotum disc and elytra brownish, latter usually with a yellowish round spot on preapical declivity, sometimes elytra entirely brownish. Length 5.0-6.0 mm. El Salvador, Mexico (Hidalgo, Jalisco, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Veracruz) ........................... G. bimaculosus (Schmidt)

7(5). Elytral preapical declivity strongly microreticulate thus dull. Dark reddish-brown, clypeal margin, pronotal anterior angles and preapical declivity of elytra paler. Length 5.0-5.5 mm. Mexico (Jalisco) .................................................................... G. manantlanicus new species

— Elytral preapical declivity shiny or, at most, superficially microreticulate ............................... 8

8(7). Elytral striae distinctly punctured(fig. 3, 19) .............................................................................. 9

— Elytral striae almost impunctate or, at most, very finely and superficially punctured ( Fig. 29 , 39 , 59 ) .......................................................................................................................................... 10

9(8). Elytral interstriae finely sparsely but distinctly punctured. Shape oval elongate, relatively large (length 5.5-6.0 mm). Dark brown; clypeal margin and sides of pronotum paler; elytra with more or less elongate basal yellowish spots on second, third and seventh interstriae; first interstria yellowish on disc; second interstria posteriorly with a round blackish margined yellowish spot at two thirds of length; often shoulder and apical declivity more or less widely yellowish. Guatemala, Mexico (Chiapas) ................................................ G. hoffmanni (Islas)

— Elytral interstriae nearly imperceptibly sparsely punctured. Body shortly oval, relatively small (length 3.5-4.0 mm). Piceous; clypeal margin, anterior angles of pronotum brownish-yellow; elytra with yellowish round spots on preapical declivity and with yellow apex. Guatemala, Mexico (Chiapas) ................................................................................ G. arcanus new species

10(8). Elytral interstriae finely microreticulate, subopaque. Piceous; clypeal margin, pronotal sides and elytral preapical declivity more or less widely paler. Length 5.0-5.5 mm. Guatemala.... ............................................................................................... G. sacatepequezis new species

— Elytral interstriae smooth, shiny ............................................................................................... 11

11(10). Elytral interstriae finely but distinctly punctured. Head and pronotum brown, elytra more or less dark brownish, usually with shoulder, base of second interstria, apical margin, and a round preapical spot yellowish. Length 5.0-5.5 mm. Mexico (Guerrero) .................................. ..................................................................................................... G. omiltemicus new species

— Elytral interstriae nearly imperceptibly punctured. Dark brown; clypeal margin, anterior angles of pronotum, base and preapical declivity of elytra paler. Length 5.5-6.0 mm. Mexico (Veracruz) ................................................................................. G. martinpierai new species

Figures

Figure 23-32. Gonaphodiellus manantlanicus, new species (Las Joyas, Sierra de Manantlán, Jalisco, Mexico). 23) Epipharynx. 24-25) Habitus (length ideogram and morphological details). 26-27) Aedeagus (dorsal and lateral view). Gonaphodiellus martinpierai, new species (Acajete, Veracruz, Mexico). 28) Epipharynx. 29-30) Habitus (morphological details and length ideogram). 31-32) Aedeagus (dorsal and lateral view).

Figure 33-42. Gonaphodiellus nigrinus (Schmidt, 1916) (Yasuni National Park, Napo Prov., Ecuador). 33) Epipharynx. 34-35) Habitus (length ideogram and morphological details). 36-37) Aedeagus (dorsal and lateral view). Gonaphodiellus omiltemicus, new species (Omiltemi, Guerrero, Mexico). 38) Epipharynx. 39- 40) Habitus (morphological details and length ideogram). 41-42) Aedeagus (dorsal and lateral view).

Figure 57-66. Gonaphodiellus sacatepequezis, new species (Cerro Alux, Sacatepéquez, Guatemala). 57) Epipharynx. 58-59) Habitus (length ideogram and morphological details). 60-61) Aedeagus (dorsal and lateral view). Gonaphodiellus sexguttatus (Schmidt, 1916) (Monteverde, Puntarenas, Costa Rica). 62) Epipharynx. 63-64) Habitus (morphological details and length ideogram). 65-66) Aedeagus (dorsal and lateral view).