Anatrichus Loew, 1860

Mlynarek, Julia J. & Wheeler, Terry A., 2018, Phylogeny and revised classification of the tribe Elachipterini (Diptera: Chloropidae), Zootaxa 4471 (1), pp. 1-36 : 14-16

Anatrichus Loew, 1860

( Figs 16–21 )

Anatrichus Loew, 1860: 97 . Type species: Anatrichus erinaceus Loew, 1860 (monotypy).

Myrmecosepsis Kertesz, 1914: 244 . Type species: Myrmecosepsis hystrix Kertesz, 1914 (monotypy) syn.n.

Echinia Paramonov, 1961: 97 . Type species: Echinia bisegmenta Paramonov, 1961 (original designation).

New combinations. Anatrichus hystrix (Kertesz, 1914) comb.n. ( Myrmecosepsis ); Anatrichus taprobane (Andersson, 1977) comb.n. ( Myrmecosepsis ).

Diagnosis. Oscinellinae with numerous long, stout, straight spines on thorax and scutellum, abdominal tergites fused into one large dorsal plate, and slender arista.

Description. Chloropidae , Oscinellinae . Vertex rounded in lateral view; frontal triangle shining and bare; frons microtomentose; cephalic chaetotaxy: long peristomal bristles, cruciate postocellar bristles, cruciate short ocellar bristles, long outer vertical bristles, interfrontal setulae long and on margin of frontal triangle, orbital bristles reclinate, of equal size; eye sparsely and microscopically pubescent; gena narrow, vibrissal angle rounded, indistinct; face flat, wide, carina absent; first flagellomere reniform, as long as wide, arista longer than width of frons, and slender ( Fig. 16 ); proboscis and palpus short.

Scutum square, as wide as long; covered in stout, straight spines, thoracic chaetotaxy: modified into spines, many anterior and posterior notopleurals, postsutural supra-alars and dorsocentrals; scutellum round to flat dorsally, triangular, rounded at apex, usually longer than wide, covered in spines ( Fig. 17 ); thoracic pleurites bare except for a row of setulae on katepisternum. Wing present or absent, short or long, narrow, with or without markings, second costal sector longer than third costal sector when wings long, or shorter than third costal sector when wings reduced, distance between crossveins r-m and dm-cu 2–3 times length of dm-cu, anal angle reduced, alula small, much longer than wide; veins pale ( Fig. 21 ); halter white. Legs long and slender; male femoral organ absent or present as two rows of 5 tubercles; small, apical ventral spur on mid tibia; hind tibial spur absent or present, usually apical; tibial organ oval, 0.2 to 0.25 times length of hind tibia.

Abdominal tergites 1+2+3 fused into large plate covering the abdomen, setulose laterally, with textured base or dorsal region, tergites 4 and 5 very narrow, hidden under large fused tergite ( Fig. 18 ); abdominal tergites can have enlarged setae on abdomen; sternites divided into many small sclerotized regions, with sparse setae; male spiracles 3–5 in membrane near lateral margin of tergites.

Male postabdomen: pregenital sclerites narrow; spiracles 6 and 7 in membrane ventral to lateral margin of dorsal sclerite; epandrium rounded, usually higher than long in lateral view and wider than high in posterior view ( Fig. 19 ); surstylus simple, parallel sided with a pointed apex ( Fig. 20 ); hypandrium closed posteriorly; pregonite fused with postgonite, weakly sclerotized; basiphallus elongate, weakly sclerotized; distiphallus short, membranous; phallapodeme simple; phallic guide sclerotized; cercus wide, rectangular to triangular, projecting posteroventrally.

Female terminalia not modified, cerci separate, cylindrical, setulose.

Geographic distribution. Anatrichus is mostly restricted to the Afrotropical and Oriental realms. Anatrichus pygmaeus has been introduced into Northern Australia (Paramonov, 1961) and A. erinaceus extends into the southern Palearctic.

Figures

FIGURES 16–21. Anatrichus species. 16–18. Anatrichus pygmaeus 16. Antenna; 17. Thorax: dorsal; 18. Abdomen, dorsal; 19–21. Anatrichus taprobane 19. Male genitalia, posterior; 20. Male genitalia, lateral; 21. Wing. Abbreviations: cer—cercus; epd—epandrium; sur—surstylus. Scale bars—Figs 17, 21 = 0.5 mm; Fig. 19 = 0.1 mm.