Clinonana Osborn, 1938

Engel, Giulia & Takiya, Daniela Maeda, 2012, Synopsis of Clinonana Osborn (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Iassinae): new distributional records and description of a new species, Zootaxa 3329, pp. 19-30 : 21-22

Clinonana Osborn, 1938

( Figs. 1–6 )

Type-species: Clinonana magna Osborn, 1938 (junior synonym of Gypona mirabilis Spångberg, 1878 ) by original designation.

Description. Measurements in mm (Ψ, n= 53 / ɗ, n=48). Total length: 16.0–19.2 / 13.6–16.8. Crown median length: 1.2–2.2 / 1.0–2.2. Pronotum median length: 2.5–3.5 / 2.3–3.0. Pronotum largest width: 6.8–9.6 / 6.0–8.0. Mesonotum largest width: 4.0–5.0 / 3.8–4.8.

Color. Mostly brown; with a light-green tint when alive ( Fig. 1A ). Forewings ( Figs. 1 , 4 B) of all species with two large dark-brown maculae (which may be interrupted), one larger over discal cells (always split by 1 or 2 yellow or greenish-yellow small maculae) and smaller one at apex; small black triangular macula at base, between R+M and Cu.

External morphology. Crown ( Figs. 1 , 3 A, 4A, 6A) wide and short, in lateral view declivous; median length three-tenths to one-sixth interocular and three-tenths to half of transocular width; anterior margin rounded, with thick carina at crown-face transition; disk flat with small depression anterad of ocelli; surface rugose; without setae. Ocelli ( Figs. 1 , 3 A, 4A, 6A) located on crown behind imaginary line between anterior eye angles, distant from anterior margin; each ocellus closer to median line of crown than to adjacent eye. Antennal ledges not visible in dorsal view. Antennae short, approximately half of pronotum length. Frons concave on upper portion and flat on lower portion. Epistomal suture obscure. Clypeus in facial view elongate, widest at juncture with frons. Lateral frontal sutures reaching antennal pits, not extending to crown. Genae broad. Lora almost as large as clypeus.

Pronotum ( Figs. 1 , 3 A, 4A, 6A) short and very broad, much wider than head with lateral margins laterally expanded and carinate; largest width 2.4–3.2 times median length and 1.5–2.0 times largest mesonotum visible width; in lateral view declivous anteriorly; posterior margin concave; disk rugose and transversely striate. Mesonotum large and broad; length 0.7 to 1.2 times that of combined mesal length of crown and pronotum; disk rugose. Foretibiae with setae on basal half of AV row shorter, finer and much closer together than those of apical half. Forewings ( Figs. 1 , 4 B) long and broad, approximately three times longer than wide; basal half with pits (most on clavus); texture slightly coriaceous becoming more membranous apically; veins distinct, slightly elevated, without extra veinlets; three closed anteapical cells, with ( Kramer, 1966: fig. 23) or without ( Fig. 4 B) supernumerary transverse veins; five apical cells (R1 present) of which base of third is more apical than others; apex acute; appendix present and running from claval apex beyond outer apical cell. Hind wings ( Fig. 4 C) with R4+5 and M1+2 not confluent towards apex. Hind legs with femoral setal formula 2-1-0 (2-1-1 or 2-2-0 in few specimens of C. mirabilis ); hind tibiae anterodorsal row of setae with fewer setae than anteroventral and posterodorsal rows, usually with one to three intercalaries; first tarsomere with two parallel rows of setae with cuculate bases, anterior row may have much fewer setae than posterior one.

Male genitalia. Pygofer ( Figs. 4 D, 6B, C) slightly produced, approximately as long as height of genital capsule; posterior margin round; dorsoapical area less sclerotized forming membranous round region; with short robust process on dorsoapical margin, process apex serrate on inner edge; few long robust setae on preapical area, near base of dorsal process; microsetae randomly distributed over pygofer lobe. Valve laterally fused to pygofer; articulated posteriorly to subgenital plates; posterior margin with median third well produced posteriorly. Subgenital plates ( Figs. 4 D, 6B, F) elongate, extending beyond pygofer apex; each plate separated from each other by basal constriction; apex round; ventral surface with fine scattered setae. Connective short; anterior margin concave; with dorsal keel. Styles ( Figs. 4 E, F, 6D, E) long, extending posteriorly well beyond apex of connective; few microsetae on ventrolateral surface of median portion; apex in lateral view expanded into a semi-circle. Aedeagus with shaft ( Figs. 4 G, H–J, 6G, H) elongate and slender, dorsally curved, preapical region with two pairs of curved, slender, acute processes; preatrium with pair of robust elongate processes, which are curved dorsally. Paraphyses absent.

Female genitalia. Pygofer ( Figs. 3 B, C, 5A, B) moderately produced; posterior margin broadly round, dorsal region concave; setae randomly distributed. Sternite VII ( Figs. 3 B, C, 5A, B) longer than preceding segment, approximately 1.6 times wider than median length; posterior margin with pair of lateral concavities and median lobe pronounced, the latter with slight median concavity. Valvifer I ( Figs. 3 D–F, 5C–E,) semicircular. Valvula I ( Figs. 3 D–G, 5C–F) of ovipositor with inner margins produced anteriorly at base and ventral portion less sclerotized; apex acuminate and slightly curved; dorsal sculptured area strigate; pores conspicuous along ramus. Valvifer II semi-circular ( Figs. 3 H, 5G); articulation point with several sensory setae. Valvula II ( Figs. 3 I, J, 5H, I) broad; apical three-fourths dorsally expanded; greatest height near middle of valvula, but not distinctly higher than adjacent areas; dorsal margin without or with two to seven irregular teeth of variable length; preapical ventral prominence absent; apex round; ventral and dorsal denticles absent; pores conspicuous.

Figures

FIGURE 3. Clinonana impensa, female. A, head, pronotum, and mesonotum. B, terminal segments, lateral view. C, terminal segments, ventral view. D, base of first valvulae and valvifers, ventral view. E, first valvula and valvifer, lateral view. F, same as previous, in line drawing. G, dorsal sculptured area of first valvula, lateral view. H, second valvifer, lateral view (structure flattened under microslide). I, second valvula, lateral view. J, same as previous, in line drawing. Scale bars = 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 4. Clinonana mirabilis, male. A, head, pronotum, and mesonotum. B, forewing, dorsal view. C, hindwing, dorsal view. D, terminal segments, lateral view. E, style and connective, dorsal view. F, left style, lateral view (arrow indicates median portion of ventral margin without concavity). G, aedeagus, lateral view. H, aedeagus, ventral view. I, aedeagus, lateral view, specimen from Bolivia showing curved apex of preatrium processes. J, aedeagus, ventral view, specimen from Bolivia. Scale bars = 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 1. A, live male of C. mirabilis collected at light trap at Careiro, AM, Brazil. B – D. dorsal habitus of Clinonana species. B, C. impensa, female from Bolivia, INHS. C, C. mirabilis, male from Brazil, INPA. D, C. rafaeli sp. nov., male holotype, INPA. Scale bars = 2.0 mm.

FIGURE 2. Distributional map of Clinonana specimens studied herein. C. impensa represented by black squares (); C. mirabilis by black triangles (); and C. rafaeli sp. nov. by black star (). Scale bar = 1,000 km.

FIGURE 5. Clinonana mirabilis, female. A, terminal segments, lateral view. B, terminal segments, ventral view. C, base of first valvulae and valvifers, ventral view. D, first valvula and valvifer, lateral view. E, same as previous, in line drawing. F, dorsal sculptured area of first valvula, lateral view. G, second valvifer, lateral view (structure flattened under microslide). H, second valvula, lateral view. I, same as previous, in line drawing. Scale bars = 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 6. Clinonana rafaeli sp. nov., male holotype. A, head, pronotum, and mesonotum. B, terminal segments, lateral view. C, pygofer lobe, dorsal view. D, style and connective, dorsal view. E, left style, lateral view (arrow indicates median portion of ventral margin with concavity). F, left subgenital plate, ventral view. G, aedeagus, lateral view. H, aedeagus, ventral view. Scale bars = 1.0 mm.