Paraleochara Cameron , 1920

Yamamoto, Shûhei & Maruyama, Munetoshi, 2016, Revision of the subgenus Aleochara Gravenhorst of the parasitoid rove beetle genus Aleochara Gravenhorst of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae), Zootaxa 4101 (1), pp. 1-68 : 56

Genus Paraleochara Cameron, 1920

( Figs 9 , 18 , 27 , 36 , 44 , 100–106 , 119 , 128 )

Paraleochara Cameron, 1920: 275 (original description); Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926: 798 (catalogue of world species of Aleocharinae ); Cameron, 1939: 623 (in key to British Indian genera of tribe Aleocharini ), 662 (redescription), plate III (habitus figured).

Type species: Paraleochara fungivora Cameron, 1920: 276 (= Aleochara translata Walker, 1859 ), by original designation and monotypy.

Non-type material of the type species. P. fungivora : 1 unsexed, “ MALAY PENIN: / PAHANG, F.M.S. / Fraser’s Hill / HOUD’ / 19- 5- 1932 [HW: ‘Fraser’s Hill’, ‘HOUD’, ‘19- 5-’, only ‘[193] 2’.] // H. M. Pendlebury / F. M. S. / Museums. [ US] // Paraleochara / fungivora / Cam. [HW] // Chicago Nat. Hist. Mus / (ex M. Cameron Colln. / by exchange with / Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist.)” ( FMNH).

Diagnosis. Paraleochara can be distinguished and characterized from the other genera within the tribe Aleocharini as follows: body medium sized, pubescent, and strongly glossy; ligula elongate, somewhat acute apically; carina on each side of ventral side of head absent; each elytron with posterolateral corners not sinuate; legs long and slender, with 5-5-5 tarsal formula; intercoxal process of mesoventrite very short and wide, with broadly truncate posterior margin; intercoxal process of metaventrite exceptionally long, much longer than that of mesoventrite; female spermatheca with large spherical head, fused with its neck.

See Cameron (1920, 1939) and Park & Ahn (2010a) for further taxonomic information and references. Mouthpart characters of P. fungivora (as Paraleochara translata ), the type species of the genus, have been described in detail ( Sawada, 1982).

Comments. This genus includes only the type species from the Oriental region [ Sri Lanka, Singapore, Borneo, Sulawesi, New Guinea ( Pace, 2014); the Malay Peninsula (present study)] but we found another species from East Asia, discussed below. Paraleochara belongs to the Tetrasticta generic group, which consists of eight genera (see Maruyama, 2004b; Maruyama et al., 2011).

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 9. Habitus of Japanese species of Aleochara (Aleochara) with the excluded taxa (dorsal view): 1, Aleochara (Aleochara) coreana; 2, A. (A.) curtula; 3, A. (A.) lata; 4, A. (A.) parens; 5, A. (A.) postica with yellowish elytra from Hokkaidô, Japan; 6, A. (A.) postica with blackish brown elytra from Amami-ôshima Is., Japan; 7, A. (A.) yaeyamensis n. sp.; 8, A. (Xenochara) niponensis sp. rev.; 9, Paraleochara kochi n. comb. Scale bars: 1.5 mm.

FIGURES 10 – 18. Lateral habitus of Japanese species of Aleochara (Aleochara) with the excluded taxa: 10, Aleochara (Aleochara) coreana; 11, A. (A.) curtula; 12, A. (A.) lata; 13, A. (A.) parens; 14, A. (A.) postica with yellowish elytra from Hokkaidô, Japan; 15, A. (A.) postica with blackish brown elytra from Amami-ôshima Is., Japan; 16, A. (A.) yaeyamensis n. sp.; 17, A. (Xenochara) niponensis sp. rev.; 18, Paraleochara kochi n. comb. Scale bars: 1.5 mm.

FIGURES 19 – 27. Head of Japanese species of Aleochara (Aleochara) with the excluded taxa (dorsal view): 19, Aleochara (Aleochara) coreana; 20, A. (A.) curtula; 21, A. (A.) lata; 22, A. (A.) parens; 23, A. (A.) postica with yellowish elytra from Hokkaidô, Japan; 24, A. (A.) postica with blackish brown elytra from Amami-ôshima Is., Japan; 25, A. (A.) yaeyamensis n. sp.; 26, A. (Xenochara) niponensis sp. rev.; 27, Paraleochara kochi n. comb. Scale bars: 0.3 mm.

FIGURES 28 – 36. Meso- and metaventrite of Japanese species of Aleochara (Aleochara) with the excluded taxa (dorsal view): 28, Aleochara (Aleochara) coreana; 29, A. (A.) curtula; 30, A. (A.) lata; 31, A. (A.) parens; 32, A. (A.) postica with yellowish elytra from Hokkaidô, Japan; 33, A. (A.) postica with blackish brown elytra from Amami-ôshima Is., Japan; 34, A. (A.) yaeyamensis n. sp.; 35, A. (Xenochara) niponensis sp. rev.; 36, Paraleochara kochi n. comb. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 37 – 44. Antenna of Japanese species of Aleochara (Aleochara) with the excluded taxa (right, dorsal view): 37, Aleochara (Aleochara) coreana; 38, A. (A.) curtula; 39, A. (A.) lata; 40, A. (A.) parens; 41, A. (A.) postica with yellowish elytra from Hokkaidô, Japan; 42, A. (A.) yaeyamensis n. sp.; 43, A. (Xenochara) niponensis sp. rev.; 44, Paraleochara kochi n. comb. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 100 – 106. Terminalia of Paraleochara kochi n. comb.: 100, male tergite VIII, dorsal view; 101, female tergite VIII, dorsal view; 102, male sternite VIII, ventral view; 103, female sternite VIII, ventral view; 104, median lobe of male aedeagus, lateral view; 105, ditto, parameral view; 106, female spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (100 – 103); 0.2 mm (104 – 105); 0.1 mm (106).

FIGURES 107 – 119. Type materials of Japanese species of Aleochara (Aleochara) with the excluded taxa (dorsal view): 107, syntype of Aleochara coreana; 108, syntype of A. lewisia; 109, ditto, re-mounted; 110, lectotype of A. discoidea; 111, lectotype of A. parens; 112, paralectotypes of A. parens; 113, holotype of A. postica; 114, lectotype of A. claviger; 115, syntype of A. nitouensis; 116, ditto; 117 – 118, lectotype of A. niponensis; 119, holotype of A. kochi. Deposited in BMNH: 107 – 114, 117 – 118. Deposited in FMNH: 115 – 116, 119.

FIGURES 127 – 128. Collecting localities of Aleochara (Xenochara) niponensis sp. rev. and Paraleochara kochi n. comb. in Japan, based on the specimens examined in this study [previously treated as Aleochara (Aleochara)]: 125, A. (X.) niponensis; 126, P. kochi.