Mesembrinella bellardiana Aldrich, 1922

Whitworth, Terry L. & Yusseff-Vanegas, Sohath, 2019, A revision of the genera and species of the Neotropical family Mesembrinellidae (Diptera: Oestroidea), Zootaxa 4659 (1), pp. 1-146 : 113-116

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4659.1.1
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treatment provided by	Plazi (2019-08-26 08:39:22, last updated 2024-11-26 13:18:22)
scientific name	Mesembrinella bellardiana Aldrich, 1922
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Treatment

( Figs 59–60 View FIGURES 57–62 , 149–150 View FIGURES 145–152 , 193 View FIGURES 193–194 , 217 View FIGURES 216–221 , 260 View FIGURES 252–265 , 304 View FIGURES 300–305 , 348 View FIGURES 326–349 , 389 View FIGURES 370–400 , 433 View FIGURES 424–438 , 472 View FIGURES 470–473 , 488–489 View FIGURE 488 View FIGURES 489–497 )

Mesembrinella (Mesembolia) bellardiana Aldrich, 1922: 21 . Holotype female (USNM), examined photographically. Type locality: Espirito Santo, Brazil.

Mesembrinella bellardiana: Peris & Mariluis (1984: 261) ; Toma & Carvalho (1995: 137); Marinho et al. (2012: 142); Kosmann et al. (2013: 78); Wolff (2013: 121); Wolff & Kosmann (2016: 868) View Cited Treatment ; Marinho et al. (2017: tab. 1); Velásquez et al. (2017: 109); Cerretti et al. (2017: tab. 2).

Diagnosis. A fairly large fly averaging 12.2 mm (11–13/5) in length. Thorax reddish-brown; wing with stem vein setose above and anterior margin heavily infuscated along costa; subcostal sclerite setose. Similar to M. latifrons , but wing with section IV 0.67 of section III compared to 0.29 in M. latifrons ; terminalia in posterior view with surstyli gently curved ( Fig. 60 View FIGURES 57–62 ), whereas they are right-angled in M. latifrons ( Fig. 26 View FIGURES 21–26 ).

Redescription. Male. Head. Frons 0.05 (0.03–0.08/5) of head width at narrowest. Fronto-orbital pale gold; frontal setae ascending about halfway to vertex; frontal vitta dark orange, upper half obliterated parafacial golden; gena orange with horizontal row of stout black setae and scattered smaller dark setae; postgena orange with golden setae; occiput dark orange with yellow setae and silvery tomentum; median occipital sclerite shiny dark orange; antenna entirely orange; eye with median facets about 2x size of lateral facets; ocellar triangle with anterior ocellus slightly larger than posterior ocelli; supravibrissal setae on facial ridge brown to reddish-brown ( Fig. 193 View FIGURES 193–194 ), ascending about 1/4 of distance to antennal base.

Thorax. Dorsum brown with pale tomentose stripes; pleural area pale orange with whitish tomentum; chaetotaxy: ac variable, 2:1 or 2:2, sometimes with one or more setae missing, dc 2:3, ia 1, ph 1, ppn 3x 3, kat 1:1, line of thin meral setae with short bend with only one or two horizontally-arranged setae above, 1 pair converging ap, sa and lat absent, 1 stout bas, 1 weak pb, 1 disc; subscutellum weakly developed; both spiracles orange, medium-sized; legs entirely orange. Wing with long, dark infuscation along costa to R 2+3; subcostal sclerite with long reddish setae; stem vein setose ( Fig. 489 View FIGURES 489–497 ); basicosta and tegula orange; section IV 0.67 of section III; disc of calypters light tan; rim of upper calypter dark with short dark setae, rim of lower calypter pale with long pale setae.

Abdomen. T1+2 yellowish, T2–5 shiny blue with grayish tomentum; T4 and T5 with rows of marginal setae; disc of T5 with dense, short, fine setae only. Terminalia in lateral view with surstylus moderately curved backward, cercus with apical hook ( Fig. 59 View FIGURES 57–62 ); in posterior view, cerci broad, in an inverted narrow V-shape distally ( Fig. 60 View FIGURES 57–62 ); phallus in lateral view with broad, narrow hypophallic lobes ( Fig. 149 View FIGURES 145–152 ), in dorsal view as in Fig. 150 View FIGURES 145–152 ; T 6 View FIGURES 1–8 , STS7+8, pre- and postgonite, ejaculatory sclerite, ST6 and hypandrium as in Fig. 217 View FIGURES 216–221 ; ST1–5 as in Fig. 260 View FIGURES 252–265 .

Female. Similar to male except frons 0.294 (0.27–0.31/5) of head width at narrowest. T6 of WU shape, T7 broad and continuous, T8 as separate sclerites, epiproct divided ( Fig. 304 View FIGURES 300–305 ); ST6–8 and hypoproct as in Fig. 348 View FIGURES 326–349 ; spermathecae filiform ( Fig. 389 View FIGURES 370–400 ); ST1–5 as in Fig. 433 View FIGURES 424–438 .

Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♀ ( Brazil; USNM; examined photographically: Fig. 472 View FIGURES 470–473 ), labeled: Brazil; Mesembolia / bellardiana / A. Ald.; USNMent 1295430.

Additional material examined. Argentina, Misiones. 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Puerto Uguazu , i.1979, [no collector listed] ( CNC) . Bolivia, La Paz. 1 ♀, S. Inicua Riv. Alto Beni, 15–18.i.1976, 1100 m, L.E. Pena ( CNC) . Brazil, Rio de Janeiro. 1 ♂, Yellow Fever Service, M.E.S Brazil, x.1938, R.C. Shannon ( USNM) . Distrito Federal. 1 ♀, Ser- vicio Febre Amarela, M.E.S . Brasil, xii.1932, [no collector] ( USNM) . Rondônia. 3 ♀♀ ♦ ( TLW232 – TLW235 ) , 1 ♀, 62 km SW Ariquemes, nr Fzda Rancho Grande , 4–16.xi.1997, fish carrion pitfall, J.E. Eger ( FSCA) ; 1 ♀ ♦ ( TLW235 ) , same data except 3–15.xii.1996 ( FSCA) . São Paulo. 1 ♂, Registro , 2.xii.1965, R. Inoue ( CNC) ; 1 ♂, Est. Biol. Boracéia nr. Salesópolis , 850 m, 13.iii.1972, E.G.L. & F.A. Munroe ( CNC) ; 1 ♀, R. Parana Porto Cabral , 20–31.iii.1944, Trav. Fo. & Carrera & E. Dente ( USNM) . Santa Catarina. 1 ♀, Nova Teutonia , v.1969, F. Plau- mann ( CNC) ; 1 ♂, Nova Teutonia , 27°11ʹS, 52°23ʹW, 300–500 m, 30.i.1960, F. Plaumann ( CNC) GoogleMaps ; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, same data except ii.1965 GoogleMaps . Ecuador, Napo. 1 ♀, Finca Primavera Rio Napo, 240 ft., 0°24ʹS 76°46ʹW, 26.vi.1980, J.P. & K.E. Donahue ( LACM) GoogleMaps ; 1 ♀ ♦* ( TLW236 ) , Puerto Misahuali , 1650–1900 ft, 6–19.ix.1998, J.E. Eger ( FSCA) ; Paraguay, Alto. 2 ♀♀, Parana Centro Forestal Alto Paran km 12 N of Puerto Stroessener, 29.iv–5.v.1986, R.E. Woodruff ( FSCA) . Peru, Cusco. 1 ♀, Quincemil , 1–15.xi. 1962, 700 m, L. Pena ( CNC) ; 1 ♂♦* ( TLW361 ) , Estación Biológica Villa Carmen , 12°53ʹ39ʺS 71°24ʹ14ʺW, clearing edge, 15–27.xi.2012, Malaise trap, citrus tree, T. Forster ( FSCA) GoogleMaps ; 1 ♂♦* ( TLW360 ) , La Merced, Fundo Genova , 30.vii.2008 ( CEUA) .

Distribution. Argentina, Brazil, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru. Bonatto (2001) listed Bolivia, Colombia, French Guiana, Suriname and Venezuela.

Remarks. Guimar„es (1977) described a subspecies of M. bellardiana , M. bellardiana fuscicosta Guimar „es, 1977, distinguishing populations in northern and southern South America based on some color variation. Marinho et al. (2017) noted that presumed populations of this species that are widely separated geographically may actually belong to separate species.

Seven specimens were barcoded: TLW 232–234 from Brazil grouped closely; TLW 235, also from Brazil, and TLW 236, from Ecuador, were about 2% different from other Brazilian specimens. Barcoded specimens from Peru ( TLW 360–361) were much different, around 6.8%, from the Ecuador and Brazilian specimens ( Fig. 488 View FIGURE 488 ). Morphologically all these specimens key to M. bellardiana , though some minor differences in the epandrium, cerci and surstyli were noted. The specimens illustrated herein are from Brazil, where the holotype came from, and the barcoded Brazilian specimens were mostly very similar. At this point, morphological differences between the Peruvian and Brazilian specimens do not seem sufficient to merit describing the specimens from each area as a different species, but further studies are needed.

References

Aldrich, J. M. (1922) The Neotropical muscoid genus Mesembrinella Giglio-Tos and other testaceous muscoid flies. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 62, 1 - 24. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.62 - 2457. 1

Bonatto, S. (2001) Revis o e analise cladistica de Mesembrinellidae stat. restaur. (Diptera: Oestroidea). Tese de Doutorado, Universidade Federal do Parana, Curitiba, XII + 146 pp. [Unpublished doctoral thesis]

Cerretti, P., Stireman, J. O. III., Pape, T., O'Hara, J. E., Marinho, M. A. T., Rognes, K. & Grimaldi, D. A. (2017) First fossil of an oestroid fly (Diptera: Calyptratae: Oestroidea) and the dating of oestroid divergences. PLoS ONE, 12 (8), e 0182101. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 018210 1

Kosmann, C., Pinto de Mello, R., Harterreiten-Souza, E. S. & Pujol-Luz, J. R. (2013) A list of current valid blow fly names (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in the Americas south of Mexico with key to the Brazilian species. EntomoBrasilis, 6, 74 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.12741 / ebrasilis. v 6 i 1.26 6

Marinho, M. A. T., Junqueira, A. C. M., Paulo, D. F., Esposito, M. C., Villet, M. H. & Azeredo-Espin, A. M. L. de (2012) Molecular phylogenetics of Oestroidea (Diptera: Calyptratae) with emphasis on Calliphoridae: insights into the inter-familial relationships and additional evidence for paraphyly among blowflies. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 65 (3), 840 - 854. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2012.08.00 7

Marinho, M. A. T., Wolff, M., Ramos-Pastrana, Y., Azeredo-Espin, A. M. L. de & Amorim, D. d. S. (2017) The first phylogenetic study of Mesembrinellidae (Diptera: Oestroidea) based on molecular data: clades and congruence with morphological characters. Cladistics, 33 (2), 134 - 152. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / cla. 1215 7

Peris, S. V. & Mariluis, J. C. (1984) Notes on Mesembrinellidae. Eos, 60, 251 - 265.

Toma, R. & Carvalho, C. J. B. de (1995) Estudo filogenetico de Mesembrinellinae com enfase no genero Eumesembrinella Townsend (Diptera, Calliphoridae). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 12 (1), 127 - 144. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0101 - 8175199500010001 4

Velasquez, Y., Martinez-Sanchez, A. I., Thomas, A. & Rojo, S. (2017) Checklist and distribution maps of the blow flies of Venezuela (Diptera, Calliphoridae, Mesembrinellidae). ZooKeys, 645, 103 - 132. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 645.697 2

Wolff, M. & Kosmann, C. (2016) Families Calliphoridae and Mesembrinellidae. In: Wolff, M., Nihei, S. S. & Carvalho, C. J. B. de (Eds.), Catalogue of Diptera of Colombia. Zootaxa, 4122 (1), 856 - 875. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4122.1.7 2

Figures

FIGURE 488. Neighbor-joining tree of COI DNA barcode sequences of specimens and species of Mesembrinellidae, using K2P distances and generated in BOLD; species names on the tree are followed by BOLD accession number, voucher number, country of origin, number of sequenced base pairs and number of ambiguous nucleotides.

FIGURES 489–497. Diagnostic characters of Mesembrinella spp. 489. Dorsal view of stem vein of wing of M. bellardiana Aldrich showing stem vein setose. 490. Detail of wing of M. batesi Aldrich in ventral view, showing setose condition of subcostal sclerite. 491. Epandrium of M. mexicana sp. nov. in posterior view, showing broad dorsal division found in M. spicata group. 492. Detail of abdomen of male M. epandrioaurantia sp. nov., showing orange color of rear segments. 493. Detail of dorsal habitus of M. socors (Walker), showing triangle of bluish cuticle on hind margin T3. 494. Wing of M. pictipennis Aldrich, showing pattern of infuscation. 495. Posterodorsal habitus of male M. townsendi Guimar„es, showing wing pattern and stripes on thorax. 496. Detail of male abdomen of M. anomala (Guimar„es), showing relative lengths of T4 and T5. 497. Same as previous, showing modification of T6, STS7+8 and epandrium.

FIGURES 57–62. Left lateral and posterior views of epandrium, cerci and surstyli of Mesembrinella spp. 57–58. M. batesi Aldrich. 59–60. M. bellardiana Aldrich. 61–62. M. benoisti (Séguy).

FIGURES 145–152. Left lateral and dorsal views of phallus of Mesembrinella spp. 145–146. M. zurquiensis sp. nov. 147–148. M. batesi Aldrich. 149–150. M. bellardiana Aldrich. 151–152. M. benoisti (Séguy).

FIGURES 193–194. Chaetotaxy of Mesembrinella spp. 193. Detail of head of M. bellardiana Aldrich, showing supravibrissal setae. 194. Posterolateral view of scutellum of M. bicolor (Fabricius), showing scutellar setae. Abbreviations: ap, apical; bas, basal; disc, discal; lat, lateral; pb, prebasal.

FIGURES 216–221. Male terminalia of Mesembrinella spp. (a = T6, STS7+8; b = pre- and postgonite; c = ejaculatory sclerite; d = ST6; e = hypandrium). 216. M. batesi Aldrich. 217. M. bellardiana Aldrich. 218. M. benoisti (Séguy). 219. M. bicolor (Fabricius). 220. M. brunnipes Surcouf. 221. M. bullata sp. nov.

FIGURES 252–265. Male sternites of Mesembrinella spp. 252. M. nigrocoerulea sp. nov. 253. M. purpurata Aldrich. 254. M. semiflava Aldrich. 255. M. uniseta Aldrich. 256. M. violacea sp. nov. 257. M. vogelsangi (Mello). 258. M. zurquiensis sp. nov. 259. M. batesi Aldrich. 260. M. bellardiana Aldrich. 261. M. benoisti (Séguy). 262. M. bicolor (Fabricius). 263. M. brunnipes Surcouf. 264. M. bullata sp. nov. 265. M. chantryi sp. nov.

FIGURES 300–305. Female terminalia (T6–T8, epiproct, cerci) of Mesembrinella spp., dorsal view. 300. M. vogelsangi (Mello). 301. M. zurquiensis sp. nov. 302. M. apollinaris Séguy. 303. M. batesi Aldrich. 304. M. bellardiana Aldrich. 305. M. benoisti (Séguy).

FIGURES 326–349. ST6–8 and hypoproct of Mesembrinellidae. 326. Laneella fusconitida sp. nov. 327. L. fuscosquamata sp. nov. 328. L. nigripes Guimar„es. 329. L. perisi (Mariluis). 330. L. purpurea sp. nov. 331. Mesembrinella latifrons (Mello). 332. M. guaramacalensis sp. nov. 333. M. mexicana sp. nov. 334. M. spicata Aldrich. 335. M. epandrioaurantia sp. nov. 336. M. aeneiventris (Wiedemann). 337. M. decrepita Séguy. 338. M. lara (Bonatto). 339. M. nigrocoerulea sp. nov. 340. M. purpurata Aldrich. 341. M. semiflava Aldrich. 342. M. uniseta Aldrich. 343. M. violacea sp. nov. 344. M. vogelsangi (Mello). 345. M. zurquiensis sp. nov. 346. M. apollinaris Séguy. 347. M. batesi Aldrich. 348. M. bellardiana Aldrich. 349. M. benoisti (Séguy).

FIGURES 370–400. Spermathecae of Mesembrinellidae. 370. L. fusconitida sp. nov. 371. L. fuscosquamata sp. nov. 372. L. nigripes Guimar„es. 373. L. perisi (Mariluis). 374. L. purpurea sp. nov. 375. Mesembrinella guaramacalensis sp. nov. 376. M. mexicana sp. nov. 377. M. spicata Aldrich. 378. M. aeneiventris (Wiedemann). 379. M. decrepita Séguy. 380. M. lara (Bonatto). 381. M. nigrocoerulea sp. nov. 382. M. purpurata Aldrich. 383. M. semiflava Aldrich. 384. M. uniseta Aldrich. 385. M. vogelsangi (Mello). 386. M. zurquiensis sp. nov. 387. M. apollinaris Séguy. 388. M. batesi Aldrich. 389. M. bellardiana Aldrich. 390. M. benoisti (Séguy). 391. M. bicolor (Fabricius). 392. M. brunnipes Surcouf. 393. M. bullata sp. nov. 394. M. chantryi sp. nov. 395. M. currani Guimar„es. 396. M. cyaneicincta (Surcouf). 397. M. flavicrura Aldrich. 398. M. longicercus sp. nov. 399. M. peregrina Aldrich. 400. M. pictipennis Aldrich.

FIGURES 424–438. Female sternites of Mesembrinella spp. 424. M. nigrocoerulea sp. nov. 425. M. purpurata Aldrich. 426. M. semiflava Aldrich. 427. M. uniseta Aldrich. 428. M. violacea sp. nov. 429. M. vogelsangi (Mello). 430. M. zurquiensis sp. nov. 431. M. apollinaris Séguy. 432. M. batesi Aldrich. 433. M. bellardiana Aldrich. 434. M. benoisti (Séguy). 435. M. bicolor (Fabricius). 436. M. brunnipes Surcouf. 437. M. bullata sp. nov. 438. M. chantryi sp. nov.

FIGURES 470–473. Habitus and labels of holotypes. 470. Mesembrinella zurquiensis sp. nov. (INBIO). 471. M. batesi Aldrich (NHMUK). 472. M. bellardiana Aldrich (USNM). 473. M. bullata sp. nov. (CNC).

FIGURES 57–62. Left lateral and posterior views of epandrium, cerci and surstyli of Mesembrinella spp. 57–58. M. batesi Aldrich. 59–60. M. bellardiana Aldrich. 61–62. M. benoisti (Séguy).

FIGURES 21–26. Left lateral and posterior views of epandrium, cerci and surstyli of Laneella and Mesembrinella spp. 21–22. L. perisi (Mariluis). 23–24. L. purpurea sp. nov. 25–26. M. latifrons (Mello).

FIGURES 1–8. Diagnostic characters of Mesembrinellidae and Calliphoridae. 1. Wing of Mesembrinella flavicrura Aldrich, showing veins and cells. 2. Wing of M. currani Guimar„es, showing infuscated anterior margin. 3. Wing of Laneella fusconitida sp. nov., showing dark macula around crossvein r-m. 4. Wing of Calliphora vomitoria (Linnaeus), showing acute bend of vein M. 5. Anterior spiracle of Mesembrinella batesi Aldrich, showing broad oval opening above. 6. Anterior spiracle of M. bolivar (Bonatto), showing long, narrow opening gradually widening above. 7. Meral setae and posterior spiracle of M. bicolor (Fabricius). 8. Last abdominal tergites of M. vogelsangi (Mello), showing setae.

Abbreviations

WU	Wayland University
USNM	Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History
CNC	Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes
FSCA	Florida State Collection of Arthropods, The Museum of Entomology
LACM	Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County