Mesembrinella flavicrura Aldrich, 1925

Whitworth, Terry L. & Yusseff-Vanegas, Sohath, 2019, A revision of the genera and species of the Neotropical family Mesembrinellidae (Diptera: Oestroidea), Zootaxa 4659 (1), pp. 1-146 : 124-125

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4659.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:57309E14-0330-4ED7-BCDA-355EE6618215
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DA87E6-0F41-FFA9-FF19-B88037AAFA54
treatment provided by	Plazi (2019-08-26 08:39:22, last updated 2024-11-26 13:18:22)
scientific name	Mesembrinella flavicrura Aldrich, 1925
status

Treatment

( Figs 1 View FIGURES 1–8 , 75–76 View FIGURES 75–80 , 165–166 View FIGURES 163–172 , 225 View FIGURES 222–228 , 268 View FIGURES 266–279 , 312 View FIGURES 312–317 , 356 View FIGURES 350–369 , 397 View FIGURES 370–400 , 441 View FIGURES 439–453 , 475 View FIGURES 474–478 , 488 View FIGURE 488 )

Mesembrinella flavicrura Aldrich, 1925: 16 . Holotype male (USNM), examined photographically. Type locality: La Suiza de Turrialba, Costa Rica.

Mesembrinella flavicrura: Peris & Mariluis (1984: 261) ; Mariluis (1987: 112); Kosmann et al. (2013: 78); Wolff (2013: 121); Marinho et al. (2017: tab. 1); Cerretti et al. (2017: tab. 2).

Diagnosis. A medium-sized fly averaging 10.2 mm (9–11/5) in length. A dark, metallic purple-blue fly, ppn normally with 3x 3 setae, 2x 2 in a few specimens; stem vein bare; wing hyaline; ppn and femora orange; subcostal sclerite with fine pubescence only; thoracic spiracles and basicosta yellow-orange. Epandrium, cerci and surstyli as in Figs 75–76 View FIGURES 75–80 . Female terminalia as in Fig. 312 View FIGURES 312–317 .

Redescription. Male. Head. Frons 0.024 (0.02–0.03/5) of head width at narrowest, about half width of anterior ocellus; fronto-orbital, parafacial, gena and postgena orange with pale yellow tomentum, frontal vitta dark orange, frontal setae ascending about halfway to vertex, where frontal vitta is obliterated; gena golden with faint yellowish tomentum a horizontal row of stout, dark setae midway and a scattering of pale and dark setae; postgena with pale tomentum and fine golden setae; occiput with heavy silvery tomentum and fine golden setae; median occipital sclerite shiny orange; antenna: pedicel and first flagellomere orange, arista brown; palpus typical; eye with median facets about 3x size of lateral facets; facial ridge with only a few brown, fine supravibrissal setae at base of facial ridge.

Thorax. Dorsum shiny purple-blue with whitish tomentum, pleura mostly purple, postpronotum and anterior spiracle orange; chaetotaxy: ac 2:1, dc 2:3, ia 0, ph 1, ppn 3x 3, kat 1:1, meral setae typical, 1 pair converging ap, sa absent, 1 lat, 1 bas, 1 weak pb, 1 disc; subscutellum weakly developed; spiracles medium, yellow-orange; legs: coxae, trochanters and femora yellow, tibiae and tarsi brown. Wing hyaline, subcostal sclerite with weak pubescence; basicosta and tegula orange; section IV 0.15 of section III; discs of upper and lower calypters reddish-tan; rim of upper calypter dark with dark setae, rim of lower calypter pale with long pale setae.

Abdomen entirely purple-blue with whitish tomentum [some poorer specimens with color washed out, tan]; T1+2–4 with pairs of dorsolateral marginal setae, rear margin of T4 with row of stout setae, rear of T5 with some weaker marginal setae, disc of T5 with scattering of relatively weak setae, which could be confused with those in the M. aeneiventris species-group, but setae are much weaker and not in a distinct row. Terminalia in lateral view with surstylus curved backward at base then straight, cercus long and slender, curving forward ( Fig. 75 View FIGURES 75–80 ); in posterior view, cerci gradually tapered from base to tip ( Fig. 76 View FIGURES 75–80 ); phallus in lateral view with short, stout epiphallus ( Fig. 165 View FIGURES 163–172 ); in dorsal view, hypophallic lobes narrow ( Fig. 166 View FIGURES 163–172 ). T6, STS7+8, pre- and postgonite, ejaculatory sclerite and ST6 as in Fig. 225 View FIGURES 222–228 ; ST1–5 as in Fig. 268 View FIGURES 266–279 .

Female. Similar to male except frons 0.236 (0.22–0.25/5) of head with at narrowest. T6 of FU shape; T7 broad and continuous, narrowed midway; T8 as separate sclerites ( Fig. 312 View FIGURES 312–317 ); ST6–8 and hypoproct as in Fig. 356 View FIGURES 350–369 ; spermathecae of unusual bulbous shape, as in Fig. 397 View FIGURES 370–400 ; and ST1–5 as in Fig. 441 View FIGURES 439–453 .

Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♂ ( Costa Rica , Cartago; USNM; examined photographically: Fig. 475 View FIGURES 474–478 ), labeled: La Suiza / de Turrialba / COSTA RICA / Pablo Schild; Mesembrinella / flavicrura / Ald.; AL Melander / Collection / 1961; Type / 26800 / No. / U.S. N.M. [red label]; USNMENT / 01295432.

Additional material examined. Costa Rica, Alajuela. 2 ♀♀ ♦ ( TLW266 , TLW344 ) , San Ramón, Villa Blanca , 1115 m, 18.ix.2008, R. Rojas-Velásquez ( INBIO) ; 1 ♀ ♦ ( TLW267 ) , Z.P. Arenal Monteverde, Res. Biol., Monte- verde Eladio’s , 830 m, 26–28.x.2006, J. Azofiefa, M. Morgana, M. Solis, B. Gamboa ( INBIO) ; 1 ♂, R. San Loren- cito, R.F. San Ramón, 5 km N de Colonia Palmarena , 900 m, 13–18.vi.1993, I Curso Scarabaeidae , L_N_244500 470700 ( INBIO) ; 1 ♂, 20 km S Upala, 12.viii.1991, F.D. Parker ( LACM) ; 1 ♂, same data except Bijagua Alb. Heliconias , 700 m, 11–26.i.2000, J.D. Gutierrez, Agua Miel, L _N_299800 423800 #56263 ( INBIO) ; 1 ♀, same data except 700 m, 17–21.vi.2000, Manual, D. Bricefio, L_N_299100 422600 #56784 ( INBIO) ; 1 ♀, Pque Nal Arenal, Sector Cerro Chato , 1100 m, 18.x–1.xi.1999, Manual, J.D. Gutierrez, L _N_269500 460900 #57265 ( INBIO) ; 1 ♂, P.N. Volcan Teuorio, Estación Pilon, 1.5 SO C. Carmela , 700–800 m, 5.vii–17.viii.2006, Malaise trap, J.A. Azofeifa, L_N_298212 427913 #86941 ( INBIO) ; 1 ♀, same data except 9.ix.2008, Tp. Amarillo, #94957 ( INBIO) ; 1 ♀, same data except 9.x–11.xi.2006, Tp. Malaise, #87466 ( INBIO) ; 1 ♀ ♦ ( TLW456 ) , P. Teuorio, sector El N. Volcan Pilon, El Mirador , 800 m, 18.vi.2004, J. Azofeifa ( INBIO) ; 1 ♂, San Cristobal, 600–620 m, x–xi.1997, F.A. Quesada, L_N_318056 383200 #48934 ( INBIO) . Cartago. 1 ♀ ♦ ( TLW269 ) , P.N. Barbilla, Turrialba, Tayutic, Campamento 2, 1200 m, 5–9.v.2005, Libre, L_N_213371 600782, D. Briceño, M. Morgana ( INBIO) ; 1 ♂, Monumento Nacional Guayabo, A.C.A.C. Amistad , 1100 m, vii.1994, G. Fonseca, L_N_217400 570000 #3126 ( INBIO) ; 1 ♂, same data except vii.1994, #2989 ( INBIO) ; 1 ♂*, 2 ♂♂, same data except Turrialba , xii.1994, L_N_217200 570300 #3202 ( INBIO) ; 1 ♂*, 1 ♂, same data except xii.1994, #3287 ( INBIO) ; 2 ♂♂, same data except 1100–1200 m, 7–8.v.2007, Tp. Luz, M. Moraga, J.A. Azofeifa, R. Gonzalez, F. Navarro, L_N_217200 570300 #91200 ( INBIO) ; 1 ♀, same data except 8–13.v.2007, Tp. Frutas, M. Moraga, J.A. Azofeifa, R. Gonzalez, F. Navarro, L_N_217200 570300 #91206 ( INBIO) . Guanacaste. 1 ♀ * Tierras Moreas, camino a Alto Masfs. , 1045 m, 1.vi.2001, M. Solis ( INBIO) ; 1 ♂, Es- tación Pitilla 700 m, 9 km, S Santa Cecilia, P.N., xii.1992, P. Rios, L_N_330200 380200 ( INBIO) ; 1 ♀ ♦ ( TLW371 ) , Pitilla Bio. Sta. , 830 m, 11.ii.1995, L. Macher ( CNC) ; 1 ♂, same data except Sendero Tanque Agua , 700 m, x.1993, L_N_330200 380200 #2487, Malaise, [no collector] ( CNC) ; 2 ♀♀, same data except 2–19.iii.1992 ( CNC) ; 1 ♀, same data except 4–25.xii.1991 ( CNC) ; 1 ♀, same data except xii.1994, #4366 ( CNC) ; 1 ♀, Macizo Miravalles, Estación Cabro Muco, 1100 m, 23–28.ix.2003, Tp de Luz , J. Azofeifa, L_N_299769 411243 #75484 ( INBIO) ; 1 ♀, Tilaran, P.N.V. Tenorio, Send. Rancho Capu, Cerca Torres Electricas , 740 m, 23.xi.2000, Manual, J. Gutierrez, L_N_428401 284482 #60989 ( INBIO) ; 1 ♀, 3 km SE R. Naranjo , 14.xi.1991, F.D. Parker ( LACM) ; 1 ♀, same data except xii.1991 ( LACM) ; 1 ♀, same data except 21–30.ix.1992 ( LACM) . Heredia. 1 ♀, Estación Biológica La Selva , 10°26′N 84°01′W, iii.1993, [no collector], #149 ( INBIO) GoogleMaps . Limón. 1 ♀, R.B. Hitoy Cerere, Talamanca, Cerro Bitarkara , 1025 m, 15–17.x.2004, M. Moraga, Libre, L_S_398841 558082 #78499 ( INBIO) . San José. 1 ♀, Estación Carrillo , 700 m, P.N. Braulio Carrillo, 15–17.ii.1993, C. Hymenoptera, L_N_236700 541800 ( INBIO) . Panama, Cocle. 1 ♀, El Valle, 800–900 m, 3–5.i.1988, MacDonald & Schiefer ( MEM) .

Distribution. Costa Rica, Panama.

Remarks. Seven specimens ( TLW 266–269, TLW 344 and TLW 456) were barcoded, and grouped together ( Fig. 488 View FIGURE 488 ). Bonatto (2001) moved this species to Huascaromusca (= M. aeneiventris species-group in the present paper), but it lacks a row of stout setae on T5. This placement was made in his dissertation and was never formally published. We believe that this species belongs in the M. bicolor group despite the unusual bulbous shape of its spermathecae ( Fig. 397 View FIGURES 370–400 ), more similar to those of Souzalopesiella facialis .

References

Aldrich, J. M. (1925) New Diptera or two-winged flies in the United States National Museum. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 66, 1 - 36. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.66 - 2555. 1

Bonatto, S. (2001) Revis o e analise cladistica de Mesembrinellidae stat. restaur. (Diptera: Oestroidea). Tese de Doutorado, Universidade Federal do Parana, Curitiba, XII + 146 pp. [Unpublished doctoral thesis]

Cerretti, P., Stireman, J. O. III., Pape, T., O'Hara, J. E., Marinho, M. A. T., Rognes, K. & Grimaldi, D. A. (2017) First fossil of an oestroid fly (Diptera: Calyptratae: Oestroidea) and the dating of oestroid divergences. PLoS ONE, 12 (8), e 0182101. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 018210 1

Kosmann, C., Pinto de Mello, R., Harterreiten-Souza, E. S. & Pujol-Luz, J. R. (2013) A list of current valid blow fly names (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in the Americas south of Mexico with key to the Brazilian species. EntomoBrasilis, 6, 74 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.12741 / ebrasilis. v 6 i 1.26 6

Mariluis, J. C. (1987) A new species of Mesembrinellidae. Eos, 63, 107 - 113.

Marinho, M. A. T., Wolff, M., Ramos-Pastrana, Y., Azeredo-Espin, A. M. L. de & Amorim, D. d. S. (2017) The first phylogenetic study of Mesembrinellidae (Diptera: Oestroidea) based on molecular data: clades and congruence with morphological characters. Cladistics, 33 (2), 134 - 152. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / cla. 1215 7

Peris, S. V. & Mariluis, J. C. (1984) Notes on Mesembrinellidae. Eos, 60, 251 - 265.

Figures

FIGURE 488. Neighbor-joining tree of COI DNA barcode sequences of specimens and species of Mesembrinellidae, using K2P distances and generated in BOLD; species names on the tree are followed by BOLD accession number, voucher number, country of origin, number of sequenced base pairs and number of ambiguous nucleotides.

FIGURES 1–8. Diagnostic characters of Mesembrinellidae and Calliphoridae. 1. Wing of Mesembrinella flavicrura Aldrich, showing veins and cells. 2. Wing of M. currani Guimar„es, showing infuscated anterior margin. 3. Wing of Laneella fusconitida sp. nov., showing dark macula around crossvein r-m. 4. Wing of Calliphora vomitoria (Linnaeus), showing acute bend of vein M. 5. Anterior spiracle of Mesembrinella batesi Aldrich, showing broad oval opening above. 6. Anterior spiracle of M. bolivar (Bonatto), showing long, narrow opening gradually widening above. 7. Meral setae and posterior spiracle of M. bicolor (Fabricius). 8. Last abdominal tergites of M. vogelsangi (Mello), showing setae.

FIGURES 75–80. Left lateral and posterior views of epandrium, cerci and surstyli of Mesembrinella spp. 75–76. M. flavicrura Aldrich. 77–78. M. longicercus sp. nov. 79–80. M. peregrina Aldrich.

FIGURES 163–172. Left lateral and dorsal views of phallus of Mesembrinella spp. 163–164. M. cyaneicincta (Surcouf). 165–166. M. flavicrura Aldrich. 167–168. M. longicercus sp. nov. 169–170. M. peregrina Aldrich. 171–172. M. pictipennis Aldrich.

FIGURES 222–228. Male terminalia of Mesembrinella spp. (a = T6, STS7+8; b = pre- and postgonite; c = ejaculatory sclerite; d = ST6; e = hypandrium). 222. M. chantryi sp. nov. 223. M. currani Guimar„es. 224. M. cyaneicincta (Surcouf). 225. M. flavicrura Aldrich. 226. M. longicercus sp. nov. 227. M. peregrina Aldrich. 228. M. pictipennis Aldrich.

FIGURES 266–279. Male sternites of Mesembrinella spp. 266. M. currani Guimar„es. 267. M. cyaneicincta (Surcouf). 268. M. flavicrura Aldrich. 269. M. longicercus sp. nov. 270. M. peregrina Aldrich. 271. M. pictipennis Aldrich (ST5 only). 272. M. quadrilineata (Fabricius). 273. M. randa (Walker). 274. M. semihyalina Mello. 275. M. serrata sp. nov. 276. M. socors (Walker). 277. M. townsendi Guimar„es. 278. M. umbrosa Aldrich. 279. M. velasquezae sp. nov.

FIGURES 312–317. Female terminalia (T6–T8, epiproct, cerci) of Mesembrinella spp., dorsal view. 312. M. flavicrura Aldrich. 313. M. longicercus sp. nov. 314. M. peregrina Aldrich. 315. M. pictipennis Aldrich. 316. M. quadrilineata (Fabricius). 317. M. randa (Walker).

FIGURES 350–369. ST6–8 and hypoproct of Mesembrinellidae. 350. M. bicolor (Fabricius). 351. M. brunnipes Surcouf. 352. M. bullata sp. nov. 353. M. chantryi sp. nov. 354. M. currani Guimar„es. 355. M. cyaneicincta (Surcouf). 356. M. flavicrura Aldrich. 357. M. longicercus sp. nov. 358. M. peregrina Aldrich. 359. M. pictipennis Aldrich. 360. M. quadrilineata (Fabricius). 361. M. randa (Walker). 362. M. semihyalina Mello. 363. M. serrata sp. nov. 364. M. socors (Walker). 365. M. townsendi Guimar„es. 366. M. umbrosa Aldrich. 367. M. velasquezae sp. nov. 368. M. anomala (Guimar„es). 369. Souzalopesiella facialis (Aldrich).

FIGURES 370–400. Spermathecae of Mesembrinellidae. 370. L. fusconitida sp. nov. 371. L. fuscosquamata sp. nov. 372. L. nigripes Guimar„es. 373. L. perisi (Mariluis). 374. L. purpurea sp. nov. 375. Mesembrinella guaramacalensis sp. nov. 376. M. mexicana sp. nov. 377. M. spicata Aldrich. 378. M. aeneiventris (Wiedemann). 379. M. decrepita Séguy. 380. M. lara (Bonatto). 381. M. nigrocoerulea sp. nov. 382. M. purpurata Aldrich. 383. M. semiflava Aldrich. 384. M. uniseta Aldrich. 385. M. vogelsangi (Mello). 386. M. zurquiensis sp. nov. 387. M. apollinaris Séguy. 388. M. batesi Aldrich. 389. M. bellardiana Aldrich. 390. M. benoisti (Séguy). 391. M. bicolor (Fabricius). 392. M. brunnipes Surcouf. 393. M. bullata sp. nov. 394. M. chantryi sp. nov. 395. M. currani Guimar„es. 396. M. cyaneicincta (Surcouf). 397. M. flavicrura Aldrich. 398. M. longicercus sp. nov. 399. M. peregrina Aldrich. 400. M. pictipennis Aldrich.

FIGURES 439–453. Female sternites of Mesembrinella spp. 439. M. currani Guimar„es. 440. M. cyaneicincta (Surcouf). 441. M. flavicrura Aldrich. 442. M. longicercus sp. nov. 443. M. peregrina Aldrich. 444. M. pictipennis Aldrich. 445. M. quadrilineata (Fabricius). 446. M. randa (Walker). 447. M. semihyalina Mello. 448. M. serrata sp. nov. 449. M. socors (Walker). 450. M. townsendi Guimar„es. 451. M. umbrosa Aldrich. 452. M. velasquezae sp. nov. 453. M. anomala (Guimar„es).

FIGURES 474–478. Lateral habitus and labels of types. 474. Mesembrinella chantryi sp. nov. (holotype; USNM). 475. M. flavicrura Aldrich (holotype; USNM). 476. M. longicercus sp. nov. (holotype; USNM). 477. M. peregrina Aldrich (holotype; USNM). 478. M. pictipennis Aldrich (lectotype; NHMUK).

Abbreviations

FU	Fudan University, Department of Biology
USNM	Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History
LACM	Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County
CNC	Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes
MEM	University of Memphis