Xiphinema karachiense, NASlRA & Firoza & Maqbool, 1992

NASlRA, Kazi, Firoza, Kazi & Maqbool, Mohammad A., 1992, Description of Xiphinema karachiense sp. n. and morphometric data on Enchodelus macrodorus (de Man, 1880), Thorne, 1939 (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) from Pakistan, Fundam. appl. Nematol. 15 (5), pp. 421-426 : 421-424

Xiphinema karachiense sp. n.

( Fig. 1 )

DIMENSIONS

Female, male and Juveniles: see Table 1 .

Hololype (female): L = 2.6 mm; a = 69; b = 6.9; c = 75; c' = 1.3; V = 50; odontostyle = 120 l-lm; odontophore = 60 l-lm; total stylet = 180 l-lm; stylet guiding ring = 105.6 from anterior end.

DESCRIPTION

Female: Body when relaxed assumes a loose spiral shape; body robust, cylindrical, tapering very gradually towards the anterior extremity. Cutic1e with very fine transverse striae; 3.2 l-lm thick ventrally and dorsally at the base of lip region, more thickened in the tail where it is 4-6 llm ventrally and 7.0-8.5 llm dorsally. Radial striae distinct on tail located in inner thicker cuticle layer. Female with 50 lateral body pores along the body of which 20 pores are in the oesophageal region and two dorsal and four ventral pores are also conspicuous in the anterior region. Lip region 4-5 llm high and 11.5- 12.0 llm wide, almost rounded, offset by a slight depression. Arnphids large, stirrup shaped, aperture about 9.5 llm wide. Stylet conform to the genus; basal flanges weil developed, 10- 12 llm wide. Basal enlarged portion of oesophagus 72-97 llm long and 14.5- 19.0 llm wide, containing one dorsal and two subventral gland nuclei. Oesophageal intestinal valve small, conoid. Female reproductive system amphidelphic with both branches equally developed. Vulva a transverse slit. Vagina thick-walled, occupying 50 % of the corresponding body diameter. Each branch consisting of a reflexed ovary, oviduct; pars dilatata oviduCIUS; sphincter muscle; relatively large pars dilatata uleri, with numerous spermatozoa distally, considerably convoluted uterus with a weil developed pseudo-Z-differentiation containing three or four large spherical bodies. Ovejector weil developed. Prerectum 292-405!lm long. Tail dorsally convex conoid with broadly rounded terminus. Terminal blind canal absent; five caudal and two adanal pores on each side of the tail.

$ 2.60/ © Gaulhier-Villars - ORSTOM

421

K. Nasira et al.

Fundam. appl. Nema101.

Male: Similar to female in general appearance, in cephalic region and stylet length, but different tail shape i.e. convex conoid with peg (digitate). Posterior part of body curved ventrad more strongly than in the female. Male reproductive system typical of the genus. Spicules weil developed. One pair of adanal papillae and three ventromedian supplements evenly distributed.

Juveniles: Morphologically similar to adult females but smaller in size and having relatively longer and more slender tails in JI, J2 and J3. Tail of J 1 and J2 regularly tapered and more elongated than that of the other stages. Tails of J3 and J4 dorsally convex conoid; J4 tail longer than that of the adult. Hyaline terminal portion in tail of juveniles same as in adults.

TYPE HABITAT AND LOCALITY

Soil around the roots of citrus (Citrus spp.) from National Nematological Research Centre , University of Karachi , Karachi, Pakistan.

TYPE SPECIMENS

Hololype (female): Slide No. NNRC- 121 /112 and paralype slides Nos. NNRC- 121 / 113-122 (four females, one male and one juvenile) deposited in the National Nematode Collection of NNRC, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan. Slide No. NNRC- 121 / 123 (two females one male and one juvenile) deposited in USDA Nematode Collection, Beltsville, Maryland, USA.

DLAGNOSIS AND RELATIONSHIPS

X. karachiense n. sp. belongs to the group 5 of Loof and Luc (1990) by having two complete genital branches with same length or nearly so and the presence of pseudo-Z-organ in the uterus. X. karachiense n. sp. can be separated from ail the species of genus Xiphinema by a combination of following characters: body and odontostyle length, c' value, sexual dimorphism in tail: convex conoid with broadly rounded terminus in female and digitate in males.

The new species closely resembles X. imùalOr Heyns, 1965 and X. melilense Lamberti el al., 1982 and is also quite similar to X. majus Bos & Loof, 1984 by its more posterior vulva, in the presence of males and in the heat relaxed body posture, but it can be distinguished from X. imitalOr in the length of the body (2.6-3.2 vs 1.9-2.6 mm), odontostyle length (113-123!lm vs 74- 101!lm), greater c' value (1.0-1.4 vs 0.8- 1.0), tail convex conoid with broadly rounded terminus against terminus either bluntly rounded or with a small digitate non protoplasmic process, smaller number of inclusions in the pseudo-Z-organ in contrast to large number of inclusions and also the absence of sexual dimorphism in tail vs sexual dimorphism in tail in X. karachiense n. sp.

It differs from X. melitense by much smaller size, shorter spear, greater c' value, head with slight depression and pseudo-Z-organ without spines (in X. melilense: L = 4.0- 4.9 mm; odontostyle = 132- 168!lm; odontophore = 81 - 100; c' = 0.7-0.9) lip region rounded, offset from the body by a slight depression and moreover presence of spiniform structures (spines) and pseudo-Z-organ in the uterus.

It can further be distinguished from X. majus by its shorter body, smaller odontostyle and odontophore, greater c' value and in the general shape of the tail.

According to the polytomous key given by Loof & Luc (1990) X. karachiense n. sp. has the following code numbers: A4, B2, C6, D5, E5/6, F3, G2, H2, 13/4, J6, K2, L2.

Figures

Fig. 1. Xiphinema karachiense n. sp. A: Oesophageal region; B: Anteriorbodyregion; C: Male,entire; D: Female, emire; E: Posterior branch of female reproductive system; F, G: Four spherical inclusionsofpseudo-Z-differemiation; H: Maletail; l: Posterior body region of male;].-M.: Tails of juveniles; N: Female tail.

Tables

Table 1. Morphometrical charaeters of Xiphinema karachiense n. sp. (all measurements in flm, except L)

	J1	J2	J3	J4	Females	Males
n L (mm)	1 1.5	1 1.7	2 2.0, 2.0	1 2.3	6 2.4-3.2 (2.83 ± 0.33)	2 2.9, 3.3
a	51.9	54.9	70.1, 61.5	59.5	63.4-72.0 (67.9 ± 3.51)	75.0,86.2
b	5.8	7.2	5.2,4.5	6.8	6.6 -8.2 (7.1 ± 0.62)	7.6, 11.0
c	30.0	43.7	51.8, 55.0	56.0	66.2- 111.0 (85.7 ± 16.3)	60.0,69.0
c	2.8	1.6	1.7, 1.5	1.5	1.0- 1.4 (1.1 ± 0.15)	1.5, 1.4
V					48.0- 52.0 (50.0 ± 1.91)
Odontostyle	81.1	92.8	102.4, 100.0	98.9	IU. 0-123.3 (119 ± 3.8)	117.6, 116
Odontophore	39.8	48.0	52.0, 52.0	53.2	58.5-63.3 (60.7 ± 1.96)	64.0, 60.0
Total stylet	120.9	140.0	154.0, 152.0	152.1	173.6- 184.3 (180.1 ± 4.1)	181.0, 176.0
Repl. odontostyle	96.0	112.0	118.0, 120.8	120.0
Ant. to guid. ring	68.6	80.0	86.4,86.4	87.8	104.0- 112.0 (107.5 ± 3.56)	104.0, 122.4
Taillengrh	49.9	40.0	40.0,37.6	40.8	28.0-36.9 (33.6 ± 3.54)	48.0,48.0
Anal body diam.	17.7	24.0	22.4,24.0	26.9	26.4-29.7 (27.9 ± 1.25)	32.0,32.8
h	10.0	12.0	10.4,8.0	10.0	8.0- 12.0 (9.5 ± 1.6)	21.6,22.4
Spicule						58.0, 59.0
Body diam. at lip region	9.6	9.6	9.6, 9.6	10.0	11.5- 12.0 (11.9 ± 0.2)	12.0, 12.0
Body diam. at guid. ring	21.1	24.0	25.6,27.2	26.8	28.8-32.6 (30.9 ± 1.6)	32.0,33.0
Body diam. at base of oesoph.	26.4	28.8	29.6,33.6	33.6	34.4-41.0 (37.3 ± 2.7)	36.0, 35.2
Body diam. at mid body or vulva	29.2	32.0	29.6,33.6	38.4	37.6-47.2 (41.8 ± 3.94)	38.4,38.4
Body diam. at beginning of h	8.1	9.6	9.6,8.8	13.4	12.8- 16.0 (14.6 ± J. 31)	16.8, 16.0