Pustulatirus attenuatus (Reeve, 1847)

Lyons And Martin Avery Snyder, William G., 2013, The Genus Pustulatirus Vermeij and Snyder, 2006 (Gastropoda: Fasciolariidae: Peristerniinae) in the Western Atlantic, with Descriptions of Three New Species, Zootaxa 3636 (1), pp. 35-58 : 37-38

Pustulatirus attenuatus (Reeve, 1847)

( Figures 5–7 )

Turbinella attenuata Reeve, 1847 : pl. 13, fig. 69. Reeve, 1860: 121; Krebs,1864: 16; Kobelt in Küster and Kobelt, 1876: 101, 102, pl. 24, fig. 5; Dall, 1885: 314; Clench et al., 1947: 35; Bullock, 1968: 67; Snyder, 2003: 45.

Lathyrus attenuata [sic] (Reeve)—Mørch, 1852: 99.

Latirus attenuatus (Reeve) —H. and A. Adams, 1853: 152. Kobelt, 1877: 58; Tryon, 1881: 90, 234, 299, pl. 67, fig. 122, pl. 68, fig. 144; Paetel, 1887: 162; Abbott, 1958: 77; Bullock, 1968: 26; Santos Galindo, 1977: 221; Sutty, 1986: 62.

Turbinella (Plicatella) attenuata Reeve—Kobelt, 1876: 20 .

Turbinella attenuata? Reeve—Arango y Molina, 1880: 221.

Plicatella attenuata (Reeve) —Dall, 1885: 240.

Latirus alternatus [sic] (Reeve)—Melvill, 1891b: 403.

Latirus [unnamed subgenus] attenuatus (Reeve) —Bullock, 1968: 67 (pars). Non Latirus attenuatus Bullock (1968: 67–69, pl. 4, figs. 3–5, 10, pl. 5, figs. 11, 12, 14), = Pustulatirus virginensis (Abbott, 1958) , Recent, eastern Caribbean.

Turbinella attenuale [sic] Coomans, 1974: 185.

[?] Latirus attenuata [sic] (Reeve, 1847)—Mallard and Robin, 2005: 16, pl. 40.

Pustulatirus attenuata [sic] (Reeve)—Vermeij and Snyder, 2006: 421 (pars). Non Pustulatirus attenuata [sic] Vermeij and Snyder (2006: fig. 4B), = Pustulatirus virginensis (Abbott, 1958) , Recent, eastern Caribbean.

Description: Shell small for genus (holotype 31.1 mm sl), narrowly fusiform, with rounded whorls, broad axial ribs, well-developed spiral cords, shallow suture, and narrow post-sutural ramp bearing closely-packed axial lamellae. Teleoconch of about 7 regularly expanding convex whorls separated by shallow suture; suture undulant in accord with adjacent whorls and interspaces; each whorl with about 8 broad axial ribs; 4 subequal spiral cords on first whorl, enlarging in size but not increasing in number on succeeding whorls of spire, 10–11 cords on body whorl; cords on sutural ramp low, parallel to and undulating in concert with suture, crossed by numerous welldeveloped subsutural lamellae; cords crossing ribs larger than those of ramp, sometimes with single spiral threads between; 6 or more oblique cords of unequal size on siphonal process, occasionally with single smaller thread between. Aperture ovate, constricted adapically by thick parietal node and abapically by small tooth-like node opposite fold at base of columella; outer lip broadly arcuate, rendered serrate by extensions of interspaces between spiral cords, inner surface with about 8 beaded lirae; columella with 4 oblique plicae, another smaller plica adapically; siphonal canal typical of genus, outer lip thin, crenulated by termini of interspaces between larger dorsal cords, inner lip simple, straight. Shell outer surface yellow with white axial ribs on first 3 or 4 teleoconch whorls, interior white. Operculum and radula unknown.

Type Material: Holotype ( Figures 5–7 ), 31.1 mm, dd, locality unknown, NHMUK 196735.

Type Locality:Unknown; probably tropical western Atlantic.

Remarks: The holotype of Turbinella attenuata Reeve, 1847 resembles shells in the Pustulatirus virginensis species-complex of the eastern Caribbean and also resembles shells of a new species from Honduras and Panamá that is described herein, yet it differs from both.

Described without locality, T. attenuata was soon recognized as a western Atlantic species by nineteenth century authors (Mørch 1852, Krebs 1864, Kobelt in Küster & Kobelt 1876, Kobelt 1876, 1877, Arango y Molina 1880). However, Kobelt in Küster and Kobelt (1876) suggested that the name might represent a variety of Turbinella infundibulum (Gmelin, 1791) , now the type species of Polygona Schumacher, 1817 , prompting Tryon (1881) to relegate the name to synonymy with that species. Tryon’s action effectively shelved the name until Abbott (1958) mentioned specimens at ANSP, previously labeled Latirus attenuatus , among those he was naming L. virginensis . Bullock (1968, in thesis) also addressed the name but distinguished it as a species separate from L. virginensis and others in a related species-complex (see below). The name (as Turbinella attenuale [sic]) also appeared on an early list of shells from St. Martin prepared by H. E. Rijgersma, but Coomans (1974) dismissed it as a supposed synonym of Latirus [= Polygona ] brevicaudatus (Reeve, 1847). Then Sutty (1986: 62, 64, 65, fig. 70) reported and figured as “ Latirus species ( cf. attenuatus (Reeve, 1847)) ” a shell from Guadeloupe that in her opinion “bears a distinct resemblance to Latirus virginensis Abbott, 1958 and, better still, [to] L. attenuatus (Reeve, 1847) .” Thereafter, Snyder (2003) cited L. attenuatus as a valid Caribbean species that ranged from Cuba to the Lesser Antilles, apparently sympatrically with L. virginensis . Mallard and Robin (2005) cited L. attenuata [sic], range Cuba to Lesser Antilles, and L. virginensis , range “Caribbean,” again suggesting sympatry. Those authors speculated that attenuata may be the species they figured as L. bernadensis Bullock, 1974 , on their plate 41, but that shell was correctly identified and is a species of Polygona . Vermeij and Snyder (2006) reclassified both attenuatus and virginensis in Pustulatirus and treated them as distinct. In this we concur. However, we include other shells figured as attenuatus by Bullock (1968), Sutty (1986) and Vermeij and Snyder (2006) in Pustulatirus virginensis .

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 37. New World Pustulatirus species. 1 – 4. Pustulatirus mediamericanus (Hertlein and Strong, 1951). 1 – 3. ANSP 449744, 50.0 mm, off Cebaco Island, Panamá, 36.6 m. 4. Same specimen, protoconch. 5 – 7. Turbinella attenuata Reeve, 1847. Holotype, NHMUK 196735, 31.1 mm, locality unknown. 8 – 11. Latirus virginensis Abbott, 1958. 8 - 9. Holotype, ANSP 196459, 34.2 mm, St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 10 – 11. Paratype, ANSP 34969, 26.6 mm West Indies. 12 – 13. Latirus karinae Nowell- Usticke, 1969. Lectotype, AMNH 198490, 32.7 mm, Puerto Rico. 14 – 30. Pustulatirus virginensis. 14. ANSP 449754, 41.4 mm, Las Galeras, Samana, Dominican Republic. 15. ANSP 449714, 52.7 mm, off St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 16. ANSP 449713, 47.7 mm, St. Thomas. 17. AMNH 191464, 50.5 mm, St. Johns, Antigua. 18. ANSP 449712, 34.7 mm, off Guadeloupe, 30 - 50 m. 19 – 21. ANSP 449717, 32.6 mm, off St. Barthelemy, 100 m. 22. ANSP 249155, 29.4 mm, off East Point, Anegada Island. 23. ANSP 35033, 38.5 mm, shell figured as Latirus elegans (Gray) by Kaicher (1986), locality unknown. 24. ANSP 449716, 27.1 mm, north of Sandy Cay, West End, Grand Bahama Island, 15 - 17 m. 25. ANSP 449715, 30.0 mm, Castillo, Duarte, Dominican Republic, 1.2 m. 26. ANSP 449720, 30.6 mm, Little St. James Island, U. S. Virgin Islands, 7.3 m. 27 – 28. ANSP 449719, 20.7 mm, Bimini, Bahamas. 29 – 30. ANSP 449718, 26.7 mm, Little St. James Island, 8.3 m. 31. Hemipolygona carinifera (Lamarck, 1816). Shell erroneously labeled “ Latirus annulatus ” in Melvill-Tomlin Collection; NMWC photo. 32 – 37. Pustulatirus utilaensis new species. 32 – 34. Holotype, ANSP 449739, 29.2 mm, off Sandy Key Reef, Utila, Honduras. 35. Paratype, ANSP 449664, 26.6 mm, southwest coast of Utila. 36 – 37. Paratype, ANSP 449659, 31.6 mm, Roatán.