Sagola bipunctata Broun, 1886

Park, J. - S. & Carlton, C. E., 2014, A revision of the New Zealand species of the genus Sagola Sharp (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae: Faronitae), The Coleopterists Bulletin (mo 13) 68, pp. 1-156 : 129-131

Sagola bipunctata Broun, 1886

( Figs. 68c , 69c , 70c, 70y , 71 )

Sagola bipunctata Broun, 1886: 887 . Raffray 1893: 39, 1904: 498, 1911: 5, 1924: 232; Hudson 1923: 365, 1934: 183; Newton and Thayer 2005b; Nomura and Leschen 2006: 241.

Sagola osculans Broun, 1886: 885 . Raffray 1893: 36, 1904: 497, 1911: 5, 1924: 232; Hudson 1923: 365, 1934: 183; Newton and Thayer 2005b; Nomura and Leschen 2006: 243. New synonymy.

Sagola frontalis Raffray, 1893: 23 . Raffray 1904: 498, 1911: 6; Hudson 1923: 365, 1934: 183; Newton and Thayer 2005b; Nomura and Leschen 2006: 242. New synonymy.

Sagola fulva Broun, 1893b: 1052 . Raffray 1904: 498, 1911: 6; Hudson 1923: 365, 1934: 183; Newton and Thayer 2005b; Nomura and Leschen 2006: 242. New synonymy.

Sagola laminata Broun, 1893b: 1421 . Raffray 1904: 498, 1911: 6, 1924: 233; Hudson 1923: 365, 1934: 183; Watt 1983: 44; Kuschel 1990: 48; Newton and Thayer 2005b; Nomura and Leschen 2006: 242. New synonymy.

Sagola immota Broun, 1893b: 1422 . Raffray 1911: 6, 1924: 233; Hudson 1923: 365, 1934: 183; Newton and Thayer 2005b; Nomura and Leschen 2006: 242. New synonymy.

Sagola lawsoni Broun, 1912b: 632 . Hudson 1923: 365, 1934: 183; Raffray 1924: 232; Newton and Thayer 2005b; Nomura and Leschen 2006: 242. New synonymy.

Sagola latula Broun, 1912b: 633 . Hudson 1923: 365, 1934: 183; Raffray 1924: 232; Newton and Thayer 2005b; Nomura and Leschen 2006: 242. New synonymy.

Sagola halli Broun, 1914b: 155 . Hudson 1923: 365, 1934: 184; Newton and Thayer 2005b; Nomura and Leschen 2006: 242. New synonymy.

Sagola brevisternis Broun, 1915: 284 . Hudson 1923: 365, 1934: 184; Newton and Thayer 2005b; Nomura and Leschen 2006: 241. New synonymy.

Sagola confusa Broun, 1915: 286 . Hudson 1923: 365, 1934: 184; Newton and Thayer 2005b; Nomura and Leschen 2006: 241. New synonymy.

Sagola laetula Broun, 1915: 291 . Hudson 1923: 365, 1934: 184; Newton and Thayer 2005b; Nomura and Leschen 2006: 242. New synonymy.

Type Material. Holotype. NEW ZEALAND: Northland: 1♀ ( BMNH), glued on rectangular card, “Type” [red label, printed]; “1580. ♀ ” [white label, handwritten]; “Whangarei” [white label, printed]; “New Zealand Broun Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922–482.” [white label, printed]; “ Sagola bipunctata ” [white label, handwritten] . Holotype of Sagola brevisternis : NEW ZEALAND: Mid Canterbury: 1♀ ( BMNH), glued on rectangular card, “Type” [red label, printed]; “3699. ♀ ” [white label, handwritten]; “New Zealand Broun Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922–482.” [white label, printed]; “Pudding Hill. 4.5.1912.” [white label, handwritten]; “ Sagola - ♀. brevisternis” [white label, handwritten] . Holotype of Sagola confusa : NEW ZEALAND: Auckland: 1♀ ( BMNH), glued on rectangular card, “Type” [red label, printed]; “3701. ♂ ” [white label, handwritten]; “New Zealand Broun Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922–482.” [white label, printed]; “Hunua. Clevedon.” [white label, handwritten]; “ Sagola ♂. confusa.” [white label, handwritten]. The original label indicates this specimen is a male, but it is female . Holotype of Sagola frontalis : NEW ZEALAND: 1♀ ( BMNH), glued on rectangular card, “Bealey, New Zealand. Helms.” [white label, printed]; “Sharp. Coll. 1905-313.” [white label, printed]; “7.-” [white label, handwritten]; “ Sagola . frontalis ♀ ” [white label, handwritten] . Holotype of Sagola fulva : NEW ZEALAND: Auckland: 1♀ ( BMNH), glued on rectangular card, “Type” [red label, printed]; “1881” [white label, handwritten]; “Hunua. Clevedon” [white label, handwritten]; “New Zealand Broun Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922–482.” [white label, printed]; “ Sagola fulva .” [white label, handwritten] . Syntypes of Sagola halli : NEW ZEALAND: Mid Canterbury: 1♂ ( BMNH), glued on rectangular card, “Type” [red label, printed]; “3518. ♂ ” [white label, handwritten]; “New Zealand Broun Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922–482.” [white label, printed]; “Pudding Hill. 4.5.1912.” [white label, handwritten]; “ Sagola halli . ♂.” [white label, handwritten]. 1♂ ( BMNH), glued on rectangular card, “3518. ♂ ” [white label, handwritten]; “ New Zealand Broun Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922–482.” [white label, printed]; “Pudding Hill. 4.5.1912.” [white label, handwritten]; “ Sagola halli . ♂.” [white label, handwritten]. 1♀ ( BMNH), glued on rectangular card, “3518. ♀ ” [white label, handwritten]; “New Zealand Broun Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922–482.” [white label, printed]; “Pudding Hill. 4.5.1912.” [white label, handwritten]; “ Sagola halli . ♀.” [white label, handwritten]. 1♀ ( BMNH), glued on rectangular card, “3518. ♀ ” [white label, handwritten]; “ New Zealand Broun Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922–482.” [white label, printed]; “Pudding Hill. 4.5.1912.” [white label, handwritten]; “ Sagola halli . ♀.” [white label, handwritten] . Syntypes of Sagola immota : NEW ZEALAND: Auckland: 1♀ ( BMNH), glued on rectangular card, “Type” [red label, printed]; “2470. ♀ ” [white label, handwritten]; “Hunua. Maketu.” [white label, handwritten]; “New Zealand Broun Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922–482.” [white label, printed]; “ Sagola . immota” [white label, handwritten]. 1♀ ( BMNH), glued on rectangular card, “2470. ♀ ” [white label, handwritten]; “Hunua. Maketu.” [white label, handwritten]; “ New Zealand Broun Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922–482.” [white label, printed]; “ Sagola . immota” [white label, handwritten]. 1♀ ( BMNH), glued on rectangular card, “2470” [white label, handwritten]; “Hunua. Maketu.” [white label, handwritten]; “New Zealand Broun Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922–482.” [white label, printed]. 1♀ ( BMNH), glued on rectangular card, “Immota” [white label, handwritten]; “ N. Zealand. 93–56.” [white label, printed]; “ Sagola immota Broun ” [white label, handwritten] . Holotype of Sagola laetula : NEW ZEALAND: Auckland: 1♂ ( BMNH), glued on rectangular card, “Type” [red label, printed]; “3708. ♂ ” [white label, handwritten]; “Hunua. Clevedon” [white label, handwritten]; “New Zealand Broun Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922–482.” [white label, printed]; “ Sagola ♂ laetula.” [white label, handwritten] . Syntypes of Sagola laminata : NEW ZEALAND: Auckland: 1♂ ( BMNH), glued on rectangular card, “Type” [red label, printed]; “2469” [white label, handwritten]; “ ♂ ” [white label, handwritten]; “Hunua. Maketu.” [white label, handwritten]; “New Zealand Broun Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922–482.” [white label, printed]; “ Sagola . laminata” [white label, handwritten]. 1♂ ( BMNH), glued on rectangular card, “2469. ♂ ” [white label, handwritten]; “ ♂ ” [white label, handwritten]; “Hunua. Maketu.” [white label, handwritten]; “ New Zealand Broun Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922–482.” [white label, printed]. 1♂ ( BMNH), glued on rectangular card, “2469.” [white label, handwritten]; “ ♂ ” [white label, handwritten]; “Hunua. Maketu.” [white label, handwritten]; “New Zealand Broun Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922–482.” [white label, printed]. 1♂ ( BMNH), glued on rectangular card, “ S. laminata ” [white label, handwritten]; “ N. Zealand. 93-56.” [white label, printed]; “ Sagola laminata Broun ” [white label, handwritten]. 1♂ ( BMNH), glued on rectangular card, “2469.” [white label, handwritten]; “Sharp. Coll. 1905-313.” [white label, printed]; “ Sagola laminata 2nd.auk. N.Z. Broun. ” [white label, handwritten] . Holotype of Sagola latula : NEW ZEALAND: Buller : 1♀ ( BMNH), glued on rectangular card, “Type” [red label, printed]; “12.” [white label, handwritten]; “Greymouth, New Zealand. Helms.” [white label, printed]; “Sharp. Coll. 1905-313.” [white label, printed]; “ Sagola ♂ latula.” [white label, handwritten]. The original label indicates this specimen is a male, but it is female . Holotype of Sagola lawsoni . NEW ZEALAND: Auckland: 1♀ ( BMNH), glued on rectangular card, “ Auckland, New Zealand.” [white label, printed]; “Sharp. Coll. 1905-313.” [white label, printed]; “ Sagola lawsoni auckland.” [white label, handwritten] . Holotype of Sagola osculans : NEW ZEALAND: Auckland: 1♀ ( BMNH), glued on rectangular card, “Type” [red label, printed]; “9576” [white label, handwritten]; “Woodhill” [white label, printed]; “New Zealand Broun Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922–482.” [white label, printed]; “ Sagola osculans ” [white label, handwritten] .

Additional Material (n = 170: 77 males; 93 females). NEW ZEALAND: Auckland : 15♂♂ 13♀♀, Symonds St. Cemetery, Auckland, 40m, 23 II 2010 , D.S. Chandler, sift leaf litter by stream; 17♂♂ 21♀♀, Murphy’ s Bush, 39m, 5km ne Manukau , 19 III 2010 , D.S. Chandler & K.P. Puliafico , sift litter in dry ravine ; 2♂♂, Symonds St. Cemetery, Auckland, 40m, 2–6 IV 2010 , L. Masner, yellow pan trap; 22♂♂ 26♀♀, Lynfield , 23 XI 1974 – 13 XI 1981 , G. Kuschel, litter; 3♂♂ 2♀♀, Grafton Gully , 28 II 1978 , litter, S. Peck; 1♂, Auckland City, Albert Park , tussock at night, 12 IV 2006 , S.E. Thorpe; 1♂, Lynfield, Wattle Bay , 11 II 1977 , B.A. Holloway, litter; 1♂, Grafton Gully , 5 XI 1985 , R.C. Craw, litter ; 1♂ 1♀, Hunua Ranges Reg. Park, 7km w Kaiaua, Workman Tr , 116m, 27 III 2010 , D.S. Chandler, sift stream drift piles; 1♂, 20-40m, Grafton Gully , 4 III 2001 , S.E. Thorpe, litter; 1♂, Auckland City, bush under Grafton bridge, sedges 15 I 2005 , S.E. Thorpe; 3♀♀, Wattle Bay Res, Lynfield , 19 III 1994 , J. Nunn; 1♀, Grafton Gully , 31 V 1994, J. Nunn, underside log; 3♀♀, Little Barrier I, Pohutukawa Flat , foreshore, 3 X 1975 , B.M. May, litter; 2♀♀, little barrier I, upper Pohutukawa Flat , 3 X 1975 , B.M. May, litter; 1♀, Grafton Gully , 26 VI 1996, J. Nunn, underside of log; 1♀, Wattle Bay , 11 X 1981 , G. Kuschel, rotten wood and soil; 1♀, Wattle Bay , 24 I 1977 , C.F. Butcher , pit trap ; 1♀, Kepa Bush Reserve , 9 II 2010 , 20m, D.S. Chandler, sift leaf litter along stream; 1♀, MacLeans Reserve, Howick , 10 II 2010 , 17m, D.S. Chandler, sift rotten willow logs; Buller : 2♂♂ 2♀♀, Nelson Lakes NP, Lake Rotoiti, St. Arnaud tr, 670m, 14 XII 1984 – 6 I 1985 , Nothofagus forest, A. Newton, M. Thayer 706, FIT & window trap ; 3♂♂ (1♂, slide-mounted), Nelson Lakes NP, Lake Rotoiti, St. Arnaud tr, 645m, 14 XII 1984 – 6 I 1985 , Nothofagus forest, A. Newton, M. Thayer 705, window trap ; 1♂, Lake Rotoiti , 600m, 8 II 1978 , S.B. Peck, J. Peck , under bark frass ; 1♀, Nelson Lakes NP, Lake Rotoiti , 600m, 6 II 1978 , S. & J. Peck, Nothofagus forest, streamside litter; Northland: 1♂, Hokianga Heads , 7 XII 1961 , G. Kuschel, Nothofagus litter; 1♂, Kerikeri , 20 I 1972 , G.W. Ramsay, litter; 2♂♂, Waipoua SF, 1km e Headquarters , 11–15 IV 1980 , J.C. Watt , pitfall trap ; 1♂, Above Hihi , 6 I 1969 , K. Wise, juvenile Kahikatea ; 10♀♀, Mangonui , 22 XI 1994 , J. Nunn; 1♀, Radar Bush, Te Paki, 4 XII 1995, J. Nunn, litter; 1♀, Waipoua Stm, 100m, 19 III 1978, S.B. Peck, litter; 1♀, Waitohue rd, route to Takahue , 8 XII 2008, R. Leschen, T. Buckley, D. Seldon, RL1387, dead wood, 35°16.049, 173°17.684; Mid Canterbury: 1♂, Pudding Hill nr Methven , T. Hall, 12 VII 1912 ; 1♂, Pudding Hill nr Methven , T. Hall, 4 V 1912.

Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from the other species of the insignis speciesgroup by the following combination of characters: body length 2.5–2.8 mm; temporal lobe of male head weakly projecting, as long as eye with flattened ventral surface; ventral surface of male head with setose triangular process behind mouthparts; male elytra rectangular, female elytra subquadrate; shape of antennomeres and genitalia unique to species.

Redescription. Length 2.5–2.8 mm. Body brown, antennae, legs, maxillary palpi, and elytra paler ( Fig. 68c ). Head: Head bluntly triangular, widest across eyes ( Fig. 69c ). Antennomere 1 approximately 1.5 times longer than wide, 2–6 longer than wide, 7–10 subquadrate. Frontal sulcus deep, reaching midpoint of eye ( Fig. 70y ). Anterior frontal fovea round, partially covered by frontal rostrum, posterior frontal fovea round ( Fig. 70y ). Eye large and prominent, approximately one-half length of temple ( Fig. 69c ). Temporal lobe of male head weakly projecting, as long as eye with flattened ventral surface ( Fig. 69c ). Ventral surface of male head with setose triangular process behind mouthparts ( Fig. 69c ). Thorax: Prosternum as long as wide, widest at one-third length. Male elytra rectangular ( Fig. 68c ), female elytra subquadrate. Male meso- and metathorax trapezoidal, longer than wide, female as long as wide. Abdomen: Male tergite IV with pair of transverse patches of microtrichia reaching middle, patches absent in female. Aedeagus: Median lobe of genitalia broad with pair of small, triangular processes at one-third length ( Fig. 70c ). Phallobase of median lobe symmetrical and rounded ( Fig. 70c ). Parameres symmetrical and slender with setae apically and 1 seta at middle ( Fig. 70c ).

Type Locality. Near Whangarei Harbour , Northland, New Zealand .

Distribution. Auckland, Buller, Northland, Mid Canterbury ( Fig. 71 : black squares).

Habitat. Specimens of this species were collected using pitfall, yellow pan, flight intercept, and window traps or by sifting leaf and wood litter.

Comments. Specimens of S. bipunctata can be distinguished from those of other species by the shape of the ventral surface of the male head and the antennomeres. The type specimens of S. brevisternis , S. confusa , S. frontalis , S. fulva , S. halli , S. immota , S. laetula , S. laminata , S. latula , S. lawsoni , and S. osculans share these diagnostic characters, and additional specimens have been collected at or near the type locality. For these reasons, we have placed S. brevisternis , S. confusa , S. frontalis , S. fulva , S. halli , S. immota , S. laetula , S. laminata , S. latula , S. lawsoni , and S. osculans in synonymy with S. bipunctata .

Figures

Fig. 68. Habitus of Sagola species in the insignis species-group, dorsal views. a) S. insignis, b) S. hectorii, c) S. bipunctata, d) S. angulifera, e) S. eminens, f) S. robustula, g) S. pertinax, h) S. monticola, i) S. laticeps, j) S. castanea, k) S. sheldoni, l) S. mercuryensis, m) S. cuvierensis, n) S. buckleyi, o) S. brumfieldi, p) S. otteai, q) S. boudreauxae, r) S. taegyui, s) S. hanae, t) S. gyudongi, u) S. egmontensis, v) S. boonei, w) S. stewartensis, x) S. jeongnamae. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 69. Ventral views of male heads of Sagola species in the insignis species-group. a) Sagola insignis, b) S. hectorii, c) S. bipunctata, d) S. angulifera, e) S. eminens, f) S. robustula, g) S. pertinax, h) S. monticola, i) S. laticeps, j) S. castanea, k) S. sheldoni, l) S. mercuryensis, m) S. cuvierensis, n) S. buckleyi, o) S. brumfieldi, p) S. otteai, q) S. boudreauxae, r) S. taegyui, s) S. hanae, t) S. gyudongi, u) S. egmontensis, v) S. boonei, w) S. stewartensis, x) S. jeongnamae. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.

Fig. 70. Sagola species in the insignis species-group. Aedeagi, dorsal views: a) S. insignis, b) S. hectorii, c) S. bipunctata, d) S. angulifera, e) S. eminens, f) S. robustula, g) S. pertinax, h) S. monticola, i) S. laticeps, j) S. castanea, k) S. sheldoni, l) S. mercuryensis, m) S. cuvierensis, n) S. buckleyi, o) S. brumfieldi, p) S. otteai, q) S. boudreauxae, r) S. taegyui, s) S. hanae, t) S. gyudongi, u) S. egmontensis, v) S. boonei, w) S. stewartensis, x) S. jeongnamae. Male heads, dorsal surface: y) S. bipunctata, z) S. eminen. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.

Fig. 71. Known collection localities of New Zealand Sagola species. S. insignis: black circles; S. hectorii: triangles; S. bipunctata: black squares; S. angulifera: stars; S. eminens: white circles; S. robustula: white squares.