Pierella keithbrowni Siewert, Zacca & Casagrande

Zacca, Thamara, Siewert, Ricardo R., Casagrande, Mirna M., Mielke, Olaf H. H. & Paluch, Márlon, 2016, Taxonomic revision of the “ Pierella lamia species group ” (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) with descriptions of four new species from Brazil, Zootaxa 4078 (1), pp. 366-386 : 379-380

Pierella keithbrowni Siewert, Zacca & Casagrande sp. nov.

( Figures 25–28 , 35 , 60–61 )

Pierella rhea [in part]; Weymer, 1911, p. 178.

Pierella ? sp.; D’Abrera, 1988, p. 730.

Pierella lamia ssp. nov.; Brown & Freitas, 2000, p. 103.

Pierella lamia ( Sulzer, 1776) ; Otero & Marigo, 1990, p. 54–55.— Freitas & Brown, 2004, p. 365.— Silva, Guimarães, Vitalino, Bagni, Martins, Cordeiro & Oliveira, 2010, p. 10.— Francini, Duarte, Mielke, Caldas & Freitas, 2011, p. 65.— Soares, Bizarro, Bastos, Tangerini, Silva, Silva & Silva, 2011, p. 75. [misidentification]

Diagnosis. Pierella keithbrowni sp. nov. resembles P. ni c e sp. nov., but the ocelli on the DHW are not faded and the background is lighter, especially in females. Androconial patch characterized by the small dark rounded central area ( Fig. 35 ). Papillae anales with a well-developed straight posterior aphophysis similar to P. n i ce, sp. nov., but ductus bursae longer than corpus bursae and completely membranous ( Figs 60–61 ).

Description. Head. Front brown. Antennae dark brown. Labial palpi with elongated white scales. Thorax. Prothoracic legs white; meso and metathoracic legs brown on upper side and lighter on underside. Forewing length: male: 31–40 mm (n = 82); female: 35–41 mm (n= 45). Forewing upper side ( Figs 25, 27 ). Mostly brown, with an intense yellow-greenish iridescent patch from basal region to submarginal line. Forewing under side ( Figs 26, 28 ). Mostly light brown, outer margin dark and ripple pattern brown. Two white incomplete ocelli in R5-M1 and M1-M2. Hind wing upper side ( Figs 25, 27 ). Mostly dark brown, lighter towards to base. Five incomplete ocelli in Rs-M1, M1-M2, M2-M3, M3-CuA1 and CuA1-CuA2, the second larger than all others, the third one reduced and the last ocellus faded. Three black spots (in some cases four) on basal region in the discal cell. Four convex dark brown lines, the most distal line thicker and well–marked. Androconial patch with a small dark rounded central area ( Fig. 35 ). Hind wing under side ( Figs 26, 28 ). Similar to DHW. Outer margin brown and with five white incomplete ocelli Rs-M1, M1-M2, M2-M3, M3-CuA1 and CuA1-CuA2.

Male genitalia. Similar to P. lamia (see Figs 36–41 ).

Female genitalia ( Figs 60–61 ). Tergum VIII trapezoid. Papillae anales with setae at the distal area, about two times taller than longer, and sclerotized at the basal half. Sternum VIII not fused with the lamella antevaginalis. Corpus bursae completely membranous, with paired signa located dorsally; ductus bursae similar in length to the corpus bursae, membranous and dilated on the anterior portion.

Distribution ( Fig. 62 ). Pierella keithbrowni sp. nov. is distributed along the Atlantic and Parana Forest provinces of the Parana dominion, ranging from Bahia to Santa Catarina.

Host plant. Maranta sp. ( Marantaceae ) ( Otero & Marigo 1990, Freitas 1992 pers. comm. in Beccaloni et al. 2008, Brown & Freitas 2000).

Etymology. This species is named in honour of Keith Spalding Brown Junior for his great contribution to the study of the Neotropical butterflies.

Remarks. D’Abrera (1988) cited and illustrated a new species of Pierella from Midwest and Southern Brazil following the M. Clifton’s unpublished taxonomic work on this genus, based on specimens deposited at the NHM collection. Brown & Freitas (2000) also noticed phenotypic wings variations in specimens from southern Brazil (Santa Teresa, Espírito Santo), when compared with the P. l a m i a from Amazonian region, and suggested that as a new subspecies. The comparative morphological studies supports the M. Clifton’s proposal, and here this species is described. Pierella keithbrowni sp. nov. probably flies together with P. nice sp. nov. (see previous discussion in P. nice section), with a unique most northerly register for Sauípe de Dentro, Bahia.

Type material. Holotype male with the following labels (separated by forward slash symbols): / HOLOTYPUS / Pierella keithbrowni Siewert, Zacca & Casagrande det. 2014/ IV –1978 Linhares, E[spirito] S[anto] Elias leg./ DZ 29.671/ ( DZUP). Allotype female with the following labels (separated by forward slash symbols): / ALLOTYPUS/ Pierella keithbrowni Siewert, Zacca & Casagrande det. 2014/ IX –1982 Linhares, E[spirito] S[anto] Elias leg./ DZ 29.650/ ( DZUP).

Paratypes. BRAZIL— Bahia: Belmonte, Barrolândia, Fazenda Prosperidade, 4. I.1977, 1 male, no collector, MZFS 39.113 ( MZFS); Canavieiras, Santa Luzia, Estação Experimental CEPLAC, 2. X.1987, 1 male, J. Becker leg., MZFS 39.111 ( MZFS); Itamarajú, 28. X.1985, 1 male, J. Becker leg., MZFS 39.949 ( MZFS); Itanagra, RPPN Lontra/ Saudade, 23. I.2012, 1 male, Linhares & Paluch leg., DZ 30.882* ( DZUP), 24. I.2012, 1 female Paluch & Linhares leg., DZ 30.881* ( DZUP); 28. IV.2012, 2 males, Linhares & Paluch leg., DZ 30.883, DZ 30.887 ( DZUP), 22. VII.2012, 1 male, Linhares & Paluch leg. DZ 30.884 ( DZUP), 21. VIII.2012, 1 male, Paluch & Linhares leg., DZ 30.885 ( DZUP), 4. X.2012, 1 female, Paluch & Linhares leg., DZ 30.886 ( DZUP); Sauípe, 6. V.2008, 1 male, T. Zacca leg. MZFS 39.114 ( MZFS); Una, Reserva Biológica, 5. X.1987, 1 male, J. Becker leg. MZFS 39.112 ( MZFS), 8. X.1987, 1 male, J. Becker leg. MZFS 39.110 ( MZFS). Espírito Santo: Conceição da Barra, 5. IX.1967, 1 female, C. & C. T. Elias leg. DZ 29.645 ( DZUP), 25 m, 6–11. V.1968, 1 male, C. Elias leg. DZ 29.691 ( DZUP), 8–13. IV.1968, 1 male, Elias leg. DZ 29.685 ( DZUP), 25 m, 6–11. V.1968, 1 male, Elias leg. DZ 29.686 ( DZUP), 25. V.1968, 1 male, C. & C. T. Elias leg. DZ 29.656 ( DZUP), 25 m, 19–29. VI.1968, 1 male, Elias leg. DZ 30.666* ( DZUP), 20. VI.1968, 4 males and 1 female, C. & C. T. Elias leg. DZ 29.652, DZ 29.667, DZ 29.669*, DZ 29.675, DZ 29.674* ( DZUP), 27. VI.1968, 1 male, C. & C. T. Elias leg. DZ 29.668 ( DZUP), 4. VII.1968, 1 male and 1 female, C. & C. T. Elias leg. DZ 29.647, DZ 29.665 ( DZUP), 17. VII.1968, 1 male, C. & C. T. Elias leg. DZ 29.660 ( DZUP), 28. VIII.1968, 1 male, C. & C. T. Elias leg. DZ 29.655 ( DZUP), 12. IX.1968, 2 males, C. & C. T. Elias leg. DZ 29.657, DZ 29.666 ( DZUP), 18. X.1968, 1 female, C. & C. T. Elias leg. DZ 29.659 ( DZUP), 25. XII.1968, 1 male, C. & C. T. Elias leg. DZ 29.672 ( DZUP), 25. X.1968, 1 male and 1 female, C. & C. T. Elias leg. DZ 29.646, DZ 29.658 ( DZUP), 22. II.1969, 1 male, C. & C. T. Elias leg. DZ 29.677 ( DZUP), 18. V.1969, 1 male, C. & C. T. Elias leg. DZ 29.676 ( DZUP), 18. VI.1969, 1 male, C. & C. T. Elias leg. DZ 29.661 ( DZUP), 11. VIII.1969, 1 male, C. & C. T. Elias leg. DZ 29.648 ( DZUP), 4. IX.1969, 1 male, C. & C. T. Elias leg. DZ 29.664 ( DZUP), 10.XI.1969, C. & C. T. Elias leg. DZ 29.678 ( DZUP), 26. IX.1969, 1 male, C. & C. T. Elias leg. DZ 29.651 ( DZUP), 4. X.1969, 1 male, C. & C. T. Elias leg. DZ 29.670 ( DZUP); Linhares, III.1973, 1 male, C. Elias leg. DZ 29.680 ( DZUP), IV.1973, 1 male, C. Elias leg. DZ 29.642 ( DZUP), Rio Doce, 25 m, 18–26. I.1975, 2 females, H. & H. D. Ebert leg. DZ 29.689, DZ 29.692 ( DZUP), IV.1978, 2 males, C. Elias leg. DZ 26.682, DZ 29.641 ( DZUP), V.1978, 1 male, C. Elias leg. DZ 29.644 ( DZUP), IV.1979, 2 males, C. Elias leg. DZ 29.638, DZ 29.639 ( DZUP), VII.1980, 1 male, C. Elias leg. DZ 29.690 ( DZUP), IX.1982, 1 male, C. Elias leg. DZ 29.649 ( DZUP), EM[presa] CA[pixaba de] P[esquisa e] A[agropecuária], 25. VIII.1977, 2 males, J. Becker leg., MZFS 39.115, MZFS 40.772 ( MZFS); Pedro Canário, 50–100 m, 22–27. VII.1967, 3 males and 2 females, K. Ebert leg. DZ 29.637, DZ 29.640, DZ 29.687, DZ 29.688*, DZ 29.694 ( DZUP); Santa Teresa, 10. VI.1966, 1 male, C. & C. T. Elias leg. DZ 29.662 ( DZUP), 12.V.1967, C. & C. T. Elias leg. DZ 29.654 ( DZUP), 750 m, 3. III.1970, 1 male, K. Ebert leg. DZ 26.684 ( DZUP); Sooretama, 19°03’21”S 25°08’49”W, 28.II–2. III.2010, 1 male, Moreira & Barão leg. DZ 29.681 ( DZUP), Reserva Ecológica Sooretama, 19°03’25”S 40°08’50”W, 19–26. II.2013, 2 males, Mielke & Casagrande leg. DZ 29.695, DZ 29.696 ( DZUP), 21–25. I.2014, 1 male, Mielke & Casagrande leg. DZ 29.697 ( DZUP). Rio de Janeiro: Casimiro de Abreu, Barra de São João, 10 m, 30. VII.1972, 1 male, H. Ebert leg. DZ 29.741 ( DZUP), 18. IV.1974, 1 male, K. Ebert & H. Ebert leg. DZ 29.742 ( DZUP), 4. IX.1975, 1 male, H. Ebert leg. DZ 29.748 ( DZUP), 14. XI.1993, 1 male, Mielke, Miers & Tangerini leg. OM 37.911 (OM); Duque de Caxias, Imbariê, 25 m, 22. I.1955, 1 female, H. Ebert leg. DZ 29.708 ( DZUP), 25 m, 27. VIII.1955, 1 female, H. Ebert leg. DZ 29.722 ( DZUP), 100 m, 7. I.1956, 1 male, H. Ebert leg. DZ 29.733 ( DZUP), 23. XII.1956, 1 female, H. Ebert leg. DZ 29.717 ( DZUP), 12. II.1964, 1 female, H. Ebert leg. DZ 29.724 ( DZUP), 25 m, 15. VII.1964, 1 male, H. Ebert leg. DZ 29.727 ( DZUP), 10. II.1965, 1 female, H. Ebert leg. DZ 29.738 ( DZUP), 19. VII.1965, 1 female, H. Ebert leg. DZ 29.736 ( DZUP), 100 m, 8. VII.1966, 3 males and 1 female, H. Ebert leg. DZ 29.726, DZ 29.732, DZ 29.735, DZ 29.739 ( DZUP), 27. VII.1967, 1 female, H. Ebert leg. DZ 29.737 ( DZUP), 25–150 m, 1. VIII.1968, 1 female, H. Ebert leg. DZ 29.720 ( DZUP), 25–150 m, 30. VII.1969, 1 female, H. Ebert leg. DZ 29.719 ( DZUP), 28. VIII.1971, 1 female, H. Ebert leg. DZ 29.740 ( DZUP), 25 m, 15. VII.1975, 1 female, H. Ebert leg. DZ 29.712 ( DZUP), 31. VII.1977, 1 female, H. Ebert leg. DZ 29.730 ( DZUP), 25–150 m, 15. VII.1979, 1 female, H. Ebert leg. DZ 29.721 ( DZUP); Guapimirim, 3. VI.1937, 2 females, no collector, DZ 29.706, DZ 29.709 ( DZUP), 20. VII.1940, 1 male, no collector, DZ 29.705 ( DZUP), 50 m, 24. II.1962, 1 male, Ebert leg. DZ 29.711 ( DZUP), 50 m, 20. VII.1963, 1 male, Ebert leg. DZ 29.718 ( DZUP), 19. II.1964, 1 male, Ebert leg. DZ 29.734 ( DZUP), 12. II.1966, 1 female, H. Ebert leg. DZ 29.728 ( DZUP); Magé, Vila Inhomerim , 50–200 m, 2. VIII.1961, 1 female, H. Ebert leg. DZ 29.725 ( DZUP), 8. II.1968, 1 male, H. Ebert leg. DZ 29.731 ( DZUP); Niterói, São Francisco, 150 m, 15. X.1950, 1 male, H. Ebert leg. DZ 29.714 ( DZUP), 21. X.1956, 1 female, H. Ebert leg. DZ 29.729 ( DZUP); Petrópolis, Independência, 900 m, no date, 1 female, Gagarin leg. DZ 29.707* ( DZUP); Rio de Janeiro, Jacarepaguá, Três Rios, 9. II.1919, 1 male, ex-coll. D’Almeida, DZ 29.704 ( DZUP), 3. X.1920, 1 male, ex-coll. D’Almeida, DZ 29.702 ( DZUP), 30. VIII.1922, 1 female, ex-coll. D’Almeida, DZ 29.701 ( DZUP), 26. IX.1937, 1 male, D’Almeida leg. ( IOC), Estrada do Pau da Fome, 22.IV.1962, Mielke leg. OM 4.324 (OM), III.1972, 1 male and 1 female, Alvarenga leg. DZ 29.746, DZ 29.747 ( DZUP), no specific locality, VI.1972, 2 males, Silveira leg. DZ 29.710, DZ 29.716 ( DZUP), Represa Rio Grande, V.1972, 3 males and 2 females, F. M. Oliveira leg. DZ 29.698, DZ 29.699, DZ 29.700*, DZ 29.670, DZ 29.758 ( DZUP), Vargem Grande, 16. VIII.1964, 1 male, Mielke leg. OM 3.619 (OM); Xerém, Serra de Tinguá, 50 m, 15. VIII.1954, 1 female, ex-coll. Ebert, DZ 30.670 ( DZUP), 12. II.1955, 1 male, ex-coll. Ebert, DZ 29.744 ( DZUP), 20. II.1956, 1 female, ex-coll. Ebert, DZ 29.715 ( DZUP), 24. II.1958, 1 male, ex-coll. Ebert, DZ 29.745 ( DZUP). Minas Gerais: Caratinga, Estação Biológica de Caratinga, 400m, 29.I–3. II.2003, 4 males, Mielke & Casagrande leg. DZ 29.759, DZ 29.761, DZ 29.762, DZ 29.764 ( DZUP); Itueta, 24. V.1979, 2 males, no collector, DZ 29.679, DZ 29.760 ( DZUP); Marliéria, Parque Estadual do Rio Doce, 200 m, 5. IX.1972, 1 male, H. Ebert leg. DZ 29.749 ( DZUP), 9. XI.1972, 2 females, H. Ebert leg. DZ 29.751, DZ 29.752 ( DZUP), 14. XII.1972, 1 male, H. & H. D. Ebert leg. DZ 29.750 ( DZUP), 14. II.1974, 1 female, H. Ebert leg. DZ 29.755 ( DZUP), 24. IX.1974, 2 males and 1 female, Gifford leg. DZ 29.754, DZ 29.756, DZ 29.757 ( DZUP), 350 m, 8–9. III.1994, 2 males, Mielke leg. DZ 29.765, DZ 29.766 ( DZUP). Santa Catarina: Joinville, 10–200 m, 8. III.1980, 1 male, Mielke & Miers leg. OM 58.688 (OM).

Figures

FIGURE 62. Geographical distribution of “ Pierella lamia ” species group.

FIGURES 13 – 28. Habitus of “ Pierella lamia ” species group. 13 – 16. Pierella angeloi sp. nov.: 13. male holotype, dorsal view; 14. male holotype, ventral view; 15. female allotype, dorsal view; 16. female, ventral view; 17 – 20. Pierella kesselringi sp. nov.: 17. male holotype, dorsal view; 18. Male, ventral view; 19. Female allotype, dorsal; 20. Female ventral view. 21 – 24. Pierella nice sp. nov.: 21. Male holotype, dorsal view; 22. Male, ventral; 23. Female allotype, dorsal; 24. Female, ventral view; 25 – 28. Pierella keithbrowni sp. nov.: 25. Male holotype, dorsal view; 26. Male, ventral view; 27. Female allotype, dorsal view; 28. Female, ventral view. Scale bar = 10 mm.

FIGURES 29 – 35. Hind wings androconial patches in dorsal view. 29. Pierella lamia; 30. Pierella chalybaea stat. rest.; 31. Pierella boliviana stat. nov.; 32. Pierella angeloi sp. nov.; 33. Pierella kesselringi sp. nov.; 34. Pierella nice sp. nov.; 35. Pierella keithbrowni sp. nov.

FIGURES 48 – 61. Female genitalia of “ Pierella lamia species group ”. 48 – 49. Pierella lamia: 48. lateral; 49. ventral. 50 – 51. Pierella chalybaea stat. rest.: 50. lateral; 51. ventral. 52 – 53. Pierella boliviana stat. nov.: 52. lateral; 53. ventral. 54 – 55. Pierella angeloi sp. nov.: 54. lateral; 55. ventral; 56 – 57. Pierella kesselringi sp. nov.: 56. lateral; 57. ventral. 58 – 59. Pierella nice sp. nov.: 58. lateral; 59. ventral. 60 – 61. Pierella keithbrowni sp. nov.: 60. lateral; 61. ventral. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURES 36 – 47. Male genitalia of “ Pierella lamia species group ”. 36 – 41. Pierella lamia: 36. lateral; 37. dorsal; 38. ventral; 39. valva, inner view; 40. aedeagus, lateral; 41. aedeagus, dorsal. 42 – 47. Pierella boliviana stat. nov.: 42. lateral; 43. dorsal; 44. ventral; 45. valva, inner view; 46. aedeagus, lateral; 47. aedeagus, dorsal. Scales bar = 1 mm.