Pergalumna, Grandjean, 1936

Ermilov, Sergey G. & Starý, Josef, 2022, Three new species of Pergalumna (Acari, Oribatida, Galumnidae) from Malawi, with updated identification key to known species of the genus from the Afrotropical region, Zootaxa 5133 (2), pp. 226-240 : 236-238

Key to known representatives of Pergalumna from the Afrotropical region

(Updated after Ermilov & Starý 2018)

1. Leg tarsus with two claws; notogastral porose area Aa longer than distance between setal alveoli la and lm; body length: 302–318...................................................................................................... Pergalumna (Bigalumna) rimosa (Mahunka & Mahunka-Papp, 2009(a)) (see also Ermilov & Bayartogtokh 2015). Distribution: Kenya.

- Leg tarsus with three claws; notogastral porose area Aa not longer than distance between setal alveoli la and lm .......... 2

2. Bothridial seta with well of slightly developed head.......................................................... 3

- Bothridial seta setiform............................................................................... 11

3. Three pairs of notogastral porose areas.................................................................... 4

- Four pairs of notogastral porose areas..................................................................... 5

4. Dorsosejugal suture complete; notogastral porose area Aa located close to pteromorphal hinge and anterior to setal alveolus la; bothridial seta clavate, rounded distally; body length: 336–348...................................................................... Pergalumna (Pergalumna) makarovae Ermilov, Sidorchuk & Rybalov, 2010 . Distribution: Ethiopia.

- Dorsosejugal suture absent or interrupted medially; notogastral porose area Aa distanced from pteromorphal hinge and located between setal alveoli la and lm; bothridial seta lanceolate, pointed distally; body length: 280–318 × 225–253................................................ Pergalumna (Pergalumna) infinita Mahunka, 2011 (a). Distribution: Madagascar.

5. Interlamellar seta minute (not longer than diameter of bothridium) or represented by alveolus......................... 6

- Interlamellar seta of medium length or long................................................................ 7

6. Bothridial seta with hardly developed, narrowly elongate, pointed distally head; rostral and lamellar setae comparatively long; body length: 705–898........ Pergalumna (Pergalumna) obvia ( Berlese, 1914) (see also Shaldybina 1975; Weigmann 2006; Bayartogtokh 2010; Ermilov et al. 2013). Distribution: Semicosmopolitan.

- Bothridial seta with well-developed, oval, rounded distally head; rostral and lamellar setae comparatively short; body length: 330................... Pergalumna (Pergalumna) fusca ( Berlese, 1916) (see also Mahunka 1992). Distribution: Somalia.

7. Rostrum pointed and with two lateral teeth..................... Two very similar species: (a) Pergalumna (Pergalumna) altera ( Oudemans, 1915) (see also Aoki 1961 as P. harunaensis, Aoki 1975 ; Engelbrecht 1972; Weigmann 2006); body length: 517–670; distribution: semicosmopolitan; (b) Pergalumna amamiensis Aoki, 1984 (see also Hagino & Shimano 2019; Zheng et al. 2021); body length: 519–680; distribution: Southeast Palaearctic region, Taiwan, Madagascar.

- Rostrum rounded..................................................................................... 8

8. Notogastral porose area Aa rounded; body length: 332–349................................................................ Pergalumna (Pergalumna) amatholensis Ermilov, Hugo-Coetzee & Khaustov, 2021 . Distribution: South Africa.

- Notogastral porose area Aa elongate oval or triangular, transversely oriented...................................... 9

9. Notogastral porose area Aa elongate oval; body length: 830–898....... Pergalumna (Pergalumna) paraelongata Ermilov & Anichkin, 2012 (see in Ermilov et al. 2012). Distribution: Oriental region, New Caledonia, Côte d’Ivoire.

- Notogastral porose area Aa elongate triangular............................................................. 10

10. Bothridial seta comparatively long, with hardly developed, elongate head; lamellar seta not longer than interlamellar seta; body length: 580–700................................................................................................ Pergalumna (Pergalumna) nervosa ( Berlese, 1914) (see also Willmann 1931; Shaldybina 1975; Weigmann 2006; Bayartogtokh 2010). Distribution: Holarctic region, South Africa.

- Bothridial seta comparatively short, with well-developed, oval head; lamellar seta longer than interlamellar seta; body length: 870.............................. Pergalumna (Pergalumna) irregularis Wallwork, 1977 . Distribution: Santa Helena.

11. Five pairs of notogastral porose areas, Aa represented by two pairs; body length: 882.......................................................... Pergalumna (Pergalumna) incomperta Engelbrecht, 1972 . Distribution: South Africa, India.

- Three or four pairs of notogastral porose areas, Aa represented by one pair....................................... 12

12. Four pairs of notogastral porose areas.................................................................... 13

- Three pairs of notogastral porose areas................................................................... 14

13. Interlamellar seta minute (not longer than diameter of bothridium); rostrum rounded; notogastral porose area Aa rounded; body length: 675–690............... Pergalumna (Pergalumna) nuda Balogh, 1960 . Distribution: Afrotropical region, Vietnam.

- Interlamellar seta long; rostrum pointed; notogastral porose area Aa elongate triangular, transversely orientated; body length: 648............................... Pergalumna (Pergalumna) elongata Engelbrecht, 1972 . Distribution: South Africa.

14. Dorsosejugal suture complete........................................................................... 15

- Dorsosejugal suture absent or interrupted medially.......................................................... 20

15. Interlamellar seta minute (not longer than diameter of bothridium)............................................. 16

- Interlamellar seta long................................................................................ 18

16. Bothridial seta unilaterally ciliated; body length: 416–425.................................................................................... Pergalumna (Pergalumna) tanzanica Mahunka, 1984 . Distribution: Afrotropical region.

- Bothridial seta smooth................................................................................ 17

17. Rostral, lamellar and interlamellar setae short, similar in length; genital plate with longitudinal medial ridge; circumpedal carina long, reaching pedotectum I; body length: 697–813...... Pergalumna (Pergalumna) dedzaensis sp. nov. Distribution: Malawi.

- Rostral and lamellar setae short, interlamellar seta of medium length; genital plate without longitudinal medial ridge; circumpedal carina of medium length, not reaching pedotectum I; body length: 315–348.................................................................. Pergalumna (Pergalumna) pietertheroni Ermilov & Khaustov, 2019 . Distribution: Tanzania.

18. Dorsosejugal suture simple; pteromorph with reticulate pattern; anterior margin of ventral plate dentate; body length: 481– 597......................... Pergalumna (Pergalumna) jenoi Ermilov & Starý, 2018 . Distribution: Afrotropical region.

- Dorsosejugal suture represented by dense tubercles; pteromorph without reticulate pattern; anterior margin of ventral plate smooth............................................................................................ 19

19. Rostrum pointed; notogastral porose area Aa located closer to setal alveolus lm and distanced from la; pteromorph slightly striate; body length: 1062–1162.................................................................................................... Pergalumna (Pergalumna) tuberclesejugalis Ermilov & Starý, 2018 . Distribution: Cameroon.

- Rostrum rounded, with two lateral teeth; notogastral porose area Aa located closer to setal alveolus la and distanced from lm; pteromorph not striate; body length: 680–763......................................................................................... Pergalumna (Pergalumna) hugocoetzeeae Ermilov & Khaustov, 2019 . Distribution: Tanzania.

20. Interlamellar seta minute (not longer than diameter of bothridium) or represented by alveolus........................ 21

- Interlamellar seta of medium length or long............................................................... 26

21. Rostrum pointed; anterior margin of ventral plate dentate; body length: 680–796............................................................................. Pergalumna (Pergalumna) paratsavoensis sp. nov. Distribution: Malawi.

- Rostrum rounded; anterior margin of ventral plate smooth.................................................... 22

22. Posterior part of notogaster with one pair of longitudinal ridges; body length: 552–580................................................................. Pergalumna (Pergalumna) bicristata Mahunka, 2011 (a). Distribution: Madagascar.

- Posterior part of notogaster without ridges................................................................ 23

23. Dorsophragma very short, nearly semi-oval; body length: 1256................................................................................. Pergalumna (Pergalumna) conspicua Balogh, 1962 . Distribution: Afrotropical region.

- Dorsophragma distinctly elongate....................................................................... 24

24. Notogastral porose area Aa elongate triangular, transverse oriented, located close to pteromorphal hinge anterior to setal alveolus la; body length: 290–298.................................................................................................... Pergalumna (Pergalumna) janosbaloghi Ermilov & Starý, 2020 . Distribution: Madagascar.

- Notogastral porose area Aa rounded, located close to setal alveolus lm and distanced from pteromorphal hinge and la ..... 25

25. Rostral seta distinctly shorter than lamellar seta; bothridial seta long, reaching pteromorphal alary furrow; body length: 476– 499................................. Pergalumna (Pergalumna) fastigata Mahunka, 1996 . Distribution: Madagascar.

- Rostral and lamellar setae little differs in length; bothridial seta of medium length, not reaching pteromorphal alary furrow; body length: 436–456.............. Pergalumna (Pergalumna) filifera Mahunka, 1978 . Distribution: Mauritius, Australia.

26 Notogastral porose area Aa located close to pteromorphal hinge and anterior to setal alveolus la; body length: 340–395......................................... Pergalumna (Pergalumna) andasibe Mahunka, 1996 . Distribution: Madagascar.

- Notogastral porose area Aa distanced from pteromorphal hinge and located between setal alveoli la and lm ............. 27

27. Notogastral porose area Aa distanced equally from setal alveoli la and lm ........................................ 28

- Notogastral porose area Aa located closer to setal alveolus lm and distanced from la ............................... 33

28. Anterior margin of ventral plate dentate; body length: 656–812....................................................... Pergalumna (Pergalumna) tsavoensis Mahunka, 1986 (see also Ermilov et al. 2014). Distribution: Afrotropical region.

- Anterior margin of ventral plate smooth.................................................................. 29

29. Adanal setae ad 1 and ad 2 long (longer than length of anal plate), thickened; body length: 522–542.................................. Pergalumna (Pergalumna) longisetosa Balogh, 1960 . Distribution: Afrotropical and Oriental regions, Mexico.

- Adanal setae ad 1 and ad 2 short, setiform.................................................................. 30

30. Notogastral porose area Aa as long as distance between setal alveoli la and lm; lamellar seta comparatively short; body length: 576................ Pergalumna (Pergalumna) magnipora capensis Engelbrecht, 1972 . Distribution: South Africa, India.

- Notogastral porose area Aa shorter than distance between setal alveoli la and lm; lamellar seta comparatively long....... 31

31. Notogastral porose area A1 (or A2) distinctly elongate oval; body length: 650–681........................................ Pergalumna (Pergalumna) myrmophila ( Berlese, 1914) (see also Shaldybina 1975; Mahunka 1987; Pérez-Íñigo 1993). Distribution: Afrotropical and Southern Palaearctic regions.

- Notogastral porose area A1 (or A2) oval.................................................................. 32

32. Bothridial seta barbed; body length: 700....................................................................................... Pergalumna (Pergalumna) somalica ( Berlese, 1916) (see also Mahunka 1992). Distribution: Somalia.

- Bothridial seta smooth; body length: 742–845...................................................................... Pergalumna (Pergalumna) magnipora capillaris Aoki, 1961 . Distribution: Oriental and Southeast Palaearctic regions.

33. Prodorsum with strong anteromedian ridge; anterior part of pteromorph with reticulate pattern; body length: 1012–1045......................... Pergalumna (Pergalumna) grebennikovi Ermilov & Starý, 2018 . Distribution: Afrotropical region.

- Prodorsum without anteromedian ridge; anterior part of pteromorph without reticulate pattern....................... 34

34. Prodorsum and notogaster striate; body length: 551–583............................................................................................ Pergalumna (Pergalumna) strigulata Mahunka, 1978 . Distribution: Mauritius.

- Prodorsum and notogaster not striate..................................................................... 35

35. Rostrum protruding, nasiform; bothridial seta smooth; body length: 661–742.................................................................... Pergalumna (Pergalumna) nasifera Mahunka, 2011 (b). Distribution: Afrotropical region.

- Rostrum not protruding, broadly rounded; bothridial seta barbed or ciliated...................................... 36

36. Median pore present.................................................................................. 37

- Median pore absent................................................................................... 38

37. All notogastral porose areas minute (not larger than diameter of bothridium); pteromorph microgranulate; adanal lyrifissure parallel to anal plate; body length: 465–510.............................................................................................. Pergalumna (Pergalumna) frater Balogh, 1960 . Distribution: Afrotropical region, Japan.

- All notogastral porose areas large (larger than diameter of bothridium); pteromorph partially with rugoa and elongate tubercles; adanal lyrifissure inverse oblique to anal plate; body length: 962–1062......................................................................................... Pergalumna (Pergalumna) parafrater sp. nov. Distribution: Malawi.

38. Notogastral porose areas Aa and A1 (or A2) elongate oval; body length: 760–803.............................................. Pergalumna (Pergalumna) aequiporosa Mahunka & Mahunka-Papp, 2009 (b). Distribution: Afrotropical region.

- Notogastral porose areas Aa and A1 (or A2) rounded........................................................ 39

39. Notogastral lyrifissure im distinctly distanced from porose area A1 (or A2); body length: 567–591........................................... Pergalumna (Pergalumna) mauritii Mahunka, 1978 . Distribution: Mauritius, Micronesia, Vietnam.

- Notogastral lyrifissure im located close to porose area A1 (or A2).............................................. 40

40. Pteromorph striate anteriorly and laterally; body length: 631–697....................................................................... Pergalumna (Pergalumna) sulcatomarginata Mahunka, 1986 . Distribution: Afrotropical region.

- Pteromorph not striate; body length: 475–548................................................................................................. Pergalumna (Pergalumna) pocsi Mahunka, 1984 . Distribution: Afrotropical region.