Doratomantispa ares Lu et al., 2020

Li, Hongyu, Zhuo, De, Cao, Leran, Wang, Bo, Poinar, George, Ohl, Michael & Liu, Xingyue, 2022, New Cretaceous fossil mantispids highlight the palaeodiversity of the extinct subfamily Doratomantispinae (Neuroptera: Mantispidae), Organisms Diversity & Evolution (New York, N. Y.) 22 (3), pp. 681-730 : 690-693

Doratomantispa ares Lu et al., 2020

Figures 5 , 6

Lu et al., 2020: 3 (original: Doratomantispa ; holotype in NIGP) .

Diagnosis Pronotum long and robust (LP: WPM = 4.79), slightly longer than pterothorax. Profemoral ISs rows: major process with primary branch 2.0 × length of secondary branch; posteroventral row with five gradually shortened processes, subequal gaps among proximal three processes, primary process 2.0 × length of following one and slightly longer than secondary branch; protibia dorsally bearing short setae, protibial prostrate setae strongly angularly curved. Forewing with nearly half of costal crossveins proximad pterostigma bifurcated or trifurcated, two ra-rp, CuA with four main branches; hind wing medial inner gradates absent. Male sternum 9 broad, deeply scoop-like, not surpassing apex of ectoprocts, slightly longer than latter; gonocoxites 9 distally simple and obtuse; gonapophyses 10 broad; gonostyli 10 (pseudopenis) moderately long, curved dorsad; ectoprocts subtriangular, longer than wide, basally distinctly broadened.

Material examined Holotype, NIGP 173084 polished amber piece preserving a complete male adult of D. ares , a dipteran, a parasitoid wasp and two psocids. The amber piece is shaped in the form of an ovoid transparent cabochon, with length × width c. 23.61 × 16.78 mm, height c. 7.44 mm.

Remarks After re-examination of the holotype of D. ares , we found that a few characters of this species need to be corrected, including: (1) The primary branch of major process of the profemur is twice as long as the secondary branch, while it was drawn as 1.5 × length of secondary branch in Lu et al. (2020, fig. S4C). (2) The hind wing ScP is distally fused with RA, because there are still some weak incorporated veinlets in the pterostigma observed to directly connect RA as in other species of Doratomantispa although this part of the wing is poorly preserved in the holotype. The distal portion of ScP that is drawn to be separate from RA in Lu et al. (2020, fig. S4I) actually belongs to the posterior boundary of the dark pigment of the pterostigma. (3) The hind wing 1ra-rp is actually present ( Fig. 6b ), but it was overlooked in Lu et al. (2020, fig. S4I). (4). In Lu et al. arrow 2 indicates the conical setae (Type k3). cs, coronal suture; es, episternum; mp, major process; lc, posterior cervical sclerite; p, primary process; pb, primary branch; s, secondary process; sb, secondary branch; smt, submentum; t: spa, supra-antennal area; tertiary process; tu, tubercle; ve, vertex. Scale bars = 3 mm (a), 1 mm (b–i) (2020, fig. S4I), the hind wing CuP actually includes true CuP branches and A1, thus the A1 and A2 are corrected as A2 and A3. Additionally, the weak stem of CuP is now detected ( Fig. 6c ).

Doratomantispa ares can be distinguished from the remaining species of Doratomantispa , except D. burmanica , D. pouilloni , D. zhuozhengmingi sp. nov. and D. zhangzhiqiae sp. nov. (profemur unknown) by the major process with the primary branch 2.0× length of the secondary branch and the subequal gaps among the proximal three processes of the profemoral posteroventral row. It can be distinguished from D. burmanica and D. zhuozhengmingi sp. nov. by the forewing with nearly a half of the costal crossveins bifurcated or trifurcated and only two ra-rp. It differs from D. zhangzhiqiae sp. nov. by the absence of a distinct stripe (formed by markings on 2 m-cu, cua-cup, and between CuP and A1) on the posteroproximal portion of the forewing, the male sternum 9 not surpassing the apex of ectoprocts which is subtriangular and basally distinctly broadened, and the male gonocoxite 9 distally simple. It can be anterior A1 branch; (d, e) Terminalia, lateral view. S, sternum; T, tergum; cc, callus cerci; ect, ectoprocts; gp, gonapophyses; gst, gonostyli; gx, gonocoxites. Scale bars = 1 mm (a -c), 0.25 mm (d, e)

distinguished from D. pouilloni by the forewing with nearly a half of costal crossveins bifurcated or trifurcated and hind wing with two ra-rp and one series of gradates.

Doratomantispa burmanica Poinar in Poinar & Buckley, 2011

Figure 7

Poinar & Buckley, 2011: 2 (original: Doratomantispa ; holotype in Buckley’s personal amber collection).

Diagnosis Pronotum long and robust (LP: WPM = 3.43), nearly as long as pterothorax. Profemoral ISs rows: major process with primary branch 2.0 × length of secondary branch; posteroventral row with three gradually shortened processes, subequal gaps among proximal three processes, primary process 3.0 × length of following one, nearly as long as secondary branch; protibial prostrate setae strongly angularly curved. Forewing with costal crossveins proximad to pterostigma almost all simple, three ra-rp, inner gradates present with one crossvein, CuA with three main branches; two inner gradates present near middle of hind wing.

Material examined Holotype, sex unknown, deposited in Buckley’s personal collection, amber piece containing a complete adult of D. burmanica . It is polished in the form of a subrectangular transparent cabochon, with length × width c. 25.00 × 11.00 mm, height c. 9.00 mm.

Remarks Based on the constant state of some characters among the species of Doratomantispa and the re-examination for the holotype of D. burmanica , several characters in the original description are revised here. (1) The pronotum was originally described as glabrous, with few large maculae. Actually, the pronotum of all Doratomantispa species bears pedicellate, long and thick setae, but lacks maculae, while in some specimens, the pronotal setae can be lost due to poor preservation but still with the pedicellate bases retained ( Fig. 17b ), and sometimes there are some dark spots superficially resembling maculae present on the pedicellate bases ( Figs. 17 b-c, 20b; Lu et al., 2020, fig. S5A). (2) The protibial prostrate setae in D. burmanica is also distally angularly curved, but not “peg-like.” (3) The arolium should also occur and be small and subtriangular, but invisible in D. burmanica due to its preservation, rather than absent. 3) The hind wing costal crossveins are present as in the other Doratomantispa species ( Figs. 3c , 14c , 18c ; Lu et al. 2020, S4I) although they may be invisible due to the poor preservation. (4) The hind wing “1A” belongs to distal branches of CuP, and accordingly, “2A” and “3A” are A1 and A2.

Figures

Fig. 5 Doratomantispa ares Lu et al., 2020, holotype, male. (a) Habitus, lateral view; (b, c) head and prothorax, dorsal and ventral view, respectively; (d, e) head, dorsal view; (f) Head, ventral view; (g) Prothorax, anteroventral view; (h, i) left foreleg, posterior surface (profemoral anteroventral row in green, posteroventral row in orange), arrow 1 indicates the angularly curved prostrate setae (near Type k4),

Fig. 6 Doratomantispa ares Lu et al., 2020, holotype, male. (a) Wings; (b) Proximal portion of radial region of hind wing; (c) Hind wing CuP, arrows 1 indicating the weak proximal portion of CuP, arrow 2 indicating the vein by fusion of posterior CuP branch and

Fig. 17 Doratomantispa zhangzhiqiae sp. nov., holotype, male. (a) Habitus, dorsal view; (b) head and prothorax, dorsal view; (c) prothorax, dorsolateral view; (d, e) Head, dorsal view, arrow 1 indicates the conical setae (Type k3); (f) head, ventral view; (g) Protibia, arrow 2

Fig.3 Wings of Doratomantispa arcimaculata sp. nov., holotype, male. (a, b) Right and left forewing, respectively; (c) Right hind wing. im, intermedian cell; r, radial cell. Scale bar = 2 mm

Fig. 14 Doratomantispa yumeiyingae sp. nov., holotype, female. (a, b) Right and left forewing, respectively; (c, d) left and right hind wing, respectively; (e, f) terminalia, lateral view. S, sternum; T, ter-

Fig. 18 Doratomantispa zhangzhiqiae sp. nov., holotype, male. (a, b) Left and right forewing, respectively; (c, d) left and right hind wing, respectively. im, intermedian cell; r, radial cell. Scale bar = 1 mm