Heliocarya monandra Bunge (1871: 4)

Ranjbar, Massoud & Khalvati, Sina, 2020, Nomenclatural notes on Heliocarya (Boraginaceae) from Iran, Phytotaxa 434 (3), pp. 292-300 : 295

2. Heliocarya monandra Bunge (1871: 4) — Caccinia monandra (Bunge) I.M. Johnston (1924: 70) .

Lectotype (designated by Negaresh & Khoshroo 2016: 164): Type:— IRAN. Yazd: Aqda to Meybod [Persia centralis: in montibus ad Meibud et Aghda inter Yazd et Isfahan, May 1859, Bunge s.n. (lectotype P! [ P03877442 ], isolectotypes GH! [ GH00589835 ], LE!, P! [ P03877443 ], P! [ P03877445 ]).

Description: —Plant perennial; root thick; 15–30 cm tall. Basal leaves, obovate to lanceolate, 20–50 × 5–20 mm, obtuse, tapering into the petiole, with entire, flat or sometimes slightly undulate margins; cauline leaves, obovate to oblong, 40–100 × 15–30 mm, obtuse or subacute at apex, sessile, attenuate at base, adaxial surface with densely whitish and prominent tubercles, sometimes with short spinules arising from the tubercles, the abaxial surface unevenly strigose, more densely so towards the midrib. Inflorescence dense, cymose-paniculate, with an elongate main axis bearing numerous lateral ones; pedicels long, 4–11 mm long at anthesis; peduncle 2–10 cm long; bracts filiform, 2–10 mm long. Calyx 3–4 mm at anthesis, up to 7 mm in fruit, divided entirely to base; lobes triangular to ovate, acute, densely hispid-setose with whitish, patent setae up to 2 mm long. Corolla purplish, 5–8 mm long, tube cylindrical, longer than the calyx, with obtuse lobes, 1.5–2 × 1–1.5 mm. Stamens inserted at the upper half of tube, reaching or partly overlapping the lobes; filaments free form each other. Style filiform, 5–8 mm long, not exerted; stigma punctiform. Nutlets usually 1, flat or low-convex, ovoid to orbicular, 4–7 × 4–5 mm, slightly shiny, margin with very narrow unequally dentate rim, the teeth papillate, with anchor like head.

Observations: —The description above is based on the lectotype, Yazd, Iran (P).

Phenology: —Flowering in April and fruiting in May June.