Parvicardium minimum ( Philippi, 1836 )

Negri, Mauro Pietro & Corselli, Cesare, 2016, Bathyal Mollusca from the cold-water coral biotope of Santa Maria di Leuca (Apulian margin, southern Italy), Zootaxa 4186 (1), pp. 1-97 : 38-39

Parvicardium minimum ( Philippi, 1836)

Fig. 8 j–m

Cardium minimum Philippi, 1836 (p. 51).

Cardium minimum Philippi—Jeffreys 1881 (p. 709); Hidalgo 1917 (p. 201).

Cardium minimum Ph. — Philippi 1844 (p. 38, pl. 14, fig. 18).

Parvicardium minimum (Philippi) — Tebble 1966 (p. 100, text-figs. 11a–b); Di Geronimo & Panetta 1973 (p. 109).

Parvicardium minimum minimum ( Philippi, 1836) — Nordsieck 1969 (p. 99, pl. 15, figs. 55.03–55.04).

Parvicardium minimum ( Philippi, 1844) — Lentini 1971 (p. 181, figs. 11a–b).

Corculum (Papillicardium) minimum (Phil.) — Venzo & Pelosio 1973 (p. 175, pl. 54, figs. 2–4).

Parvicardium minimum ( Philippi, 1836) — Thomsen & Vorren 1986 (pl. 7, fig. D); Barash & Danin 1992 (p. 278); Cossignani et al. 1992 (fig. 327); Poppe & Goto 1993 (p. 97, pl. 16, fig. 9); Petersen 2004 (p. 79, fig. 68); Repetto et al. 2005 (p. 322, bottom left fig.); Oliver et al. 2016 (online resource).

Parvicardium minimum ( Phil., 1836) — Spada & Della Bella 1990 (p. 396, pl. 5, figs. a–d).

Diagnostic characters. Roundly quadrangular shell; 30–34 radial ribs, somewhat flattened in the middle of the shell; more or less continuous radial rows of minute, crescent-shaped scales over the ribs. Prodissoconch: shell type ST-2A; length about 210 µm (P-1 about 60 µm); roundish outline; high convex profile; P-1 surface weakly rough; P-1/P-2 boundary weakly incised but distinct; P-2 faintly concentrically striated, with flattened margin; transition to the nepioconch well marked, nepioconch beginning with well developed radial ribs.

Occurrence. Box-corer samples BC04 (2 specimens), BC05 (2), BC11 (1), BC67 (2), BC71 (3), BC72 (63); cores BC04 (3), BC05 (2), BC06 (1), BC51 (2), BC67 (1), BC72 (22). Maximum length: 5 mm.

Distribution and habitat. Parvicardium minimum is distributed from Siberia and northern Norway (also entering fjords) to Morocco, the Canaries and the Mediterranean as far east as the Suez Canal, and possibly in the Pacific Ocean; it lives on a variety of soft substrates mainly at shelf depths, but also reaches bathyal settings ( Nordsieck 1969; Di Geronimo & Panetta 1973; Venzo & Pelosio 1973; Buhl-Mortensen & Høisaeter 1993; Poppe & Goto 1993; Oliver et al. 2016).

Fossil record. Middle Miocene of Austria, Czech Republic, Slovakia and the Mediterranean; Miocene, Pliocene and Pleistocene of Italy ( Monterosato 1872; Lentini 1971; Malatesta 1974; Monegatti & Raffi 2001); Pleistocene and Holocene of Denmark ( Petersen 2004).

Figures

FIGURE 8. a – c: Montacuta substriata (Montagu, 1808); RV, sample BC 72, scale bars: 1 mm (a – b), 0.1 mm (c, prodissoconch); d – f: Tellimya tenella (Lovén, 1846); RV, sample BC 72, scale bars: 1 mm (d – e), 0.1 mm (f, prodissoconch); g – i: Kurtiella cf. tumidula (Jeffreys, 1866); RV, sample BC 67, scale bars: 0.5 mm (g – h), 0.1 mm (i, prodissoconch); j – m: Parvicardium minimum (Philippi, 1836); RV (j, m) and LV (k), sample BC 71, scale bars: 1 mm (j – k), 0.1 mm (l, prodissoconch), 0.02 mm (m, P – 1 detail); n – p: Abra longicallus (Scacchi, 1835); LV, sample BC 70, scale bars: 5 mm (n – o), 0.1 mm (p, prodissoconch).