Cynoglossum L.

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1972, Flora Europaea. Volume 3. Diapensiacea to Myoporaceae, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press : 119

34. Cynoglossum L. 1

Biennial, perennial or rarely annual herbs. Flowers in usually ebracteate cymes. Calyx 5-lobed almost to the base, accrescent. Corolla with short, cylindrical to infundibuliform tube and rotate limb, with 5 scales closing the throat. Stamens included, inserted at or above the middle of the tube. Style included; stigma small, subcapitate. Nutlets ovoid to subglobose, glochidiate, the external surface convex, flat or slightly concave, sometimes with a distinct border and disc.

Literature: A. Brand in Engler, Pflanzenreich 78 (IV. 252): 114-153 (1921). H. Riedl, Österr. Bot. Zeitschr. 109: 385-394 (1962).

C. glochidiatum Wall , ex Bentham in Royle, III. Bot. Himal. Mount. 306 (1836), a native of C. Asia and India, is cultivated for ornament and occurs occasionally as a garden escape in N. Europe.

1 Corolla-lobes villous 11. clandestinum 1 Corolla-lobes glabrous 2 Mature nutlets flat or slightly concave outside, with a thickened border 3Cymes bracteate 4 Biennial; calyx-lobes ovate; nutlets 5-8 mm 9. cheirifolium 4 Perennial; calyx-lobes linear-lanceolate; nutlets 7-9 mm

10. magellense 3Cymes ebracteate (rarely bracteate at base) 5 Annual; nutlets 7-10 mm in diameter 3. columnae 5 Biennial; nutlets 5-8 mm in diameter 6 Cauline leaves oblong to lanceolate; corolla dull purple;

stamens inserted in upper part of corolla-tube 1. officinale 6 Cauline leaves linear-lanceolate; corolla deep blue;

stamens inserted in middle of corolla-tube 2. dioscoridis 2 Mature nutlets convex outside, without a thickened border 7Leaves ± glabrous above 4. germanicum 7Leaves densely hairy to tomentose on both surfaces 8 Corolla 7-9 mm, with distinct reticulate venation 5. creticum 8 Corolla 4-6 mm, without reticulate venation 9 Perennial; corolla-scales crescent-shaped 6. sphacioticum 9 Biennial; corolla-scales ± square to trapeziform

10 Scales reaching beyond the base of the corolla-lobes;

pedicels in fruit shorter than calyx 8. nebrodense

10 Scales about reaching the base of the corolla-lobes;

pedicels in fruit longer than calyx 7. hungaricum