Veronica catenata, Pennell

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1972, Flora Europaea. Volume 3. Diapensiacea to Myoporaceae, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press : 248

40. V. catenata Pennell , Rhodora 23: 37 (1921)

( V. aquatica Bernh. , non S. F. Gray, V. anagalloides auct., non Guss).

Like 39 but leaves dark green, linear to linear-lanceolate, all sessile; pedicels straight, patent, usually shorter than lanceolate bracts; calyx-segments usually patent or deflexed in fruit; corolla 3-5 mm in diameter, usually pink with reddish veins; capsule 2-3 x 2-5-3 - 5 mm, wider than long. 2n = 36. In or beside still or slow-moving water. Most of Europe from c. 58°A. southwards. Al Au Az Be Br Bu Cz Da Ga Ge Gr Hb He Ho Hs Hu It Ju Lu Po Rm Rs (B, C, W,?K,?E) Su.

The vigorous hybrid between 39 and 40, with 2« = 36 (35), occurs throughout much of Europe, sometimes forming large clones in streams. Such plants have long, many-flowered racemes, but form veryfew 1 - to 5-seeded capsules, and are most easily recognized by their sterility.