Euphrasia arctica, Lange ex Rostrup

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1972, Flora Europaea. Volume 3. Diapensiacea to Myoporaceae, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press : 261

11. E. arctica Lange ex Rostrup , Bot. Tidsskr. 1(4): 47 (1870— 1871).

Stem up to 25(-35) cm. Lowest flower at node 3-9(-10). Leaves usually light green, the cauline with 1-6 pairs of obtuse to acute (rarely aristate) teeth, the upper ones usually broadly ovate; lower floral leaves usually with basal teeth patent. Corolla 6-ll(-1 3)m m, deep lilac to white. Capsule 4-8 mm, usually 2-3 times as long as wide, truncate to emarginate. Meadows, pastures and roadsides. • N. Europe, extending southwards to the E. Carpathians. Br Cz Da Fa Fe?Ga Hb Is No Po?Rm Rs (N, B, C, W) Su.

1 Capsule 4-5-5 mm, oblong; cauline intemodes not more than 2(-3|) times as long as the leaves

2 Leaves without glandular hairs, the lower ones deflexed; branches short, arcuate-ascending (c) subsp. minor 2 Leaves usually with glandular hairs, not deflexed; branches long, ascending or erect (d) subsp. borealis 1 Capsule usually 5-5 mm or more, elliptical or elliptic-oblong; cauline internodes usually up to 4(-9) times as long as the leaves

3 Stem usually flexuous, with O-2(-5) pairs of long, often flexuous branches; lower floral leaves suborbicular or broadly ovate, with the teeth not much longer than wide; leaves without glandular hairs; corolla 7-11(-13) mm

(b) subsp. arctica 3 Stem usually straight, with 0-5(-6) pairs of often short, usually straight, branches; lower floral leaves deflate or broadly to narrowly ovate; teeth sometimes much longer than wide; leaves usually with glandular hairs; corolla not more than 10 mm

4 Lowest flower at node 3—6(—9); corolla (6-5-)8-10 mm; cauline internodes mostly 2Ì-6 times as long as the leaves

(a) subsp. tenuis 4 Lowest flower at node (3—)4—9(—10); corolla 6—9(—10) mm; cauline internodes mostly 2-4 times as long as the leaves

5 Branches frequently more than 3 pairs; lower floral leaves usually truncate or subcordate; capsule (4~)4-5-6-5(-7)

mm (d) subsp. borealis 5 Branches rarely more than 3 pairs; lower floral leaves usually broadly cuneate; capsule 4-5-7(-8) mm

(e) subsp. slovaca