Philonthus costatus, Baudi, 1848: 28

Herman, Taphylininae Iochini Aorothiini Thiini Latyprosopini Taphylinini Mblyopinina Nisolinina Yptiomina Hilonthina Lee H., 2001, Catalog of the Staphylinidae (Insecta: Coleoptera). 1758 to the End of the Second Millennium. V. Staphylinine Group (Part 2) Staphylininae: Diochini, Maorothiini, Othiini, Platyprosopini, Staphylinini (Amblyopinina, Anisolinina, Hyptiomina, Philonthina), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2001 (265), pp. 2441-3020 : 2441-3020

costatus Baudi, 1848: 28 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Sardinia).

— Kraatz, 1857b: 176 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Kraatz, 1857d: 574 ( Philonthus ).

— Kraatz, 1857d: 1060 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 359 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Cameron, 1932: 131 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 412 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Smetana, 1958: 195 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 235 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

alpigradus Mulsant and Rey, 1876: 481 [= 1877: 337] ( Philonthus ; Type locality:

la Grande-Chartreuse et mont Dore, Auvergne).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 454 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 359 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Cameron, 1932: 131 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 412 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Smetana, 1958: 195 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 235 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

scutatus Eppelsheim, 1895a: 127 ( Philonthus ; variety of varians ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Gabon).

— Fauvel, 1907: 45 ( Philonthus ; variety of peregrinus ; Kilimandjaro; Obock; Abyssinia; Togo; Madagascar).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 350 ( Philonthus ; variety of peregrinus ).

— Rambousek, 1922: 1009 ( Philonthus ; variety of peregrinus ; Ethiopia).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 412 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Cameron, 1950g: 34 ( Philonthus ; variety of peregrinus ; Belgian Congo).

— Smetana, 1958: 195 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Jarrige, 1978: 291 ( Spatulonthus ; Madagascar).

— Smetana, 1995e: 235 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

piceicoxis Gridelli, 1920: 18 , 19, 20 ( Philonthus ; aberration of varians ; [Note: Nomen nudum (Articles 1.3.4, 45.5); preoccupied]; cited from Mte. Rima, Giudicarie, Trentino).

— Cameron, 1932: 131 ( Philonthus ; aberration of varians ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1366 ( Philonthus ; synonym of piceicoxis ).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 412 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Smetana, 1958: 195 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Smetana, 1959: 160 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 244 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 235 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

fuscicoxis Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1366 ( Philonthus ; [Note: Nomen nudum since it is a replacement for an aberration (Articles 1.3.4, 45.5)]; replacement name for piceicoxis Gridelli ).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 412 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Smetana, 1958: 196 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

— Smetana, 1959: 160 ( Philonthus ; aberration of varians ; characters).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 419 ( Philonthus ; aberration of varians ; characters).

— Coiffait, 1974: 244 ( Philonthus ; variety of varians ).

— Tóth, 1984: 71 ( Philonthus ; cited as fuscicornis ; aberration of varians ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 235 ( Philonthus ; synonym of varians ).

varicolor Boheman, 1858 , see: hepaticus Erichson, 1840 .

variegatus Erichson, 1840 , see: Cafius .

variicolor Nordmann, 1837 , see: Quedius .

variipennis Kraatz, 1859: 85 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Ceylan; India orientalis).

— Bernhauer, 1902b: 27 ( Philonthus ; Ceylon).

— Fauvel, 1903: 159 ( Philonthus ; synonym of quisquiliarius variety inquinatus ).

— Fauvel, 1904a: 59 ( Philonthus ; synonym of quisquiliarius variety inquinatus ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 353 ( Philonthus ; synonym of punctus ).

— Tottenham, 1953: 143 ( Philonthus ; characters; distinct from quisquiliarius ).

— Last, 1961: 306 ( Philonthus ; Thailand).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 424 ( Philonthus ; characters; Southeast Asia; India; China).

— Coiffait, 1974: 201 ( Philonthus ; characters; India; Cambodia).

— Watanabe, 1989a: 56 ( Philonthus ; Japan).

— Barrion, Litsinger, and Last, 1991: 1078 ( Philonthus ; associated with rice agroecosystem).

— Shibata, 1994a: 106 ( Philonthus ; characters; Taiwan).

- DISTRIBUTION: Saudi Arabia, Afghanistan, Sri Lanka, India, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, Indonesia, Philippines, China, Taiwan, Japan.

vacans Tottenham, 1953: 145 ( Philonthus ; variety of variipennis ; Type locality: Penang. Also cited from Siam).

— Last, 1961: 306 ( Philonthus ; variety of variipennis ; Thailand; Cambodia).

— Last, 1964: 177 ( Philonthus ; variety of variipennis ; Thailand).

— Coiffait, 1974: 201 ( Philonthus ; variety of variipennis ; characters).

— Barrion, Litsinger, and Last, 1991: 1078 ( Philonthus ; subspecies of variipennis ; associated with rice agroecosystem).

ilus Tottenham, 1953: 145 ( Philonthus ; variety of variipennis ; Type locality: Philippine Islands: Manila).

— Last, 1961: 306 ( Philonthus ; variety of variipennis ; Thailand).

— Coiffait, 1974: 201 ( Philonthus ; variety of variipennis ; characters).

ledouxi Coiffait, 1979d: 558 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Nouristan: route de Djelalabad,

à Kaboul, gorges du Chikari).

— Coiffait, 1983e: 477 ( Philonthus ; Afghanistan).

— Schillhammer, 1996a: 82 ( Philonthus ; synonym of variipennis ).

arabicus Coiffait, 1981b: 238 ( Philonthus ; subspecies of ledouxi ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Arabie Saoudite: Hofuf, 85 m).

— Schillhammer, 1996a: 82 ( Philonthus ; synonym of variipennis ).

falcozi Coiffait, 1987: 497 ( Philonthus ; replacement name for arabicus Coiffait ).

— Schillhammer, 1996a: 82 ( Philonthus ; synonym of variipennis ).

varipennis Scriba, 1864 , see: Bisnius .

variolosus Sharp, 1871 , see: Cafius .

varipes Mulsant and Rey, 1861: 142 [= 1862: 126] ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Montagnes du Bourbonnais, de l’Auvergne et de la Provence).

— Fauvel, 1869: 489 ( Philonthus ; synonym of fulvipes ).

— Fauvel, 1874: 259 [= 1874a: 485] ( Philonthus ; synonym of fulvipes ).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 457 ( Philonthus ; synonym of fulvipes ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 339 ( Philonthus ; variety of fulvipes ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1343 ( Philonthus ; variety of fulvipes ).

— Smetana, 1955: 210 ( Philonthus ; variety of fulvipes ; notes).

— Smetana, 1966b: 47 ( Philonthus ; cited as valid species; characters; England).

— Coiffait, 1974: 92 ( Paragabrius ; variety of fulvipes ).

— Pope, 1977: 30 ( Philonthus ; Britain).

— Hodge and Jones, 1995: 40 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain).

- DISTRIBUTION: France, England.

varius Gyllenhal, 1810 , see: carbonarius Gravenhorst, 1802 .

varro Smetana, 1995e: 293 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Quebec: Hwy. 148, 15 km E. Lachute. Also cited from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts,

New Hampshire, New York).

vegetus Last, 1968: 363 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: New Guinea: Okapa).

— Last 1981: 120 ( Philonthus ; characters; New Guinea).

— Last, 1987: 32 ( Philonthus ; Papua New Guinea).

- DISTRIBUTION: New Guinea.

velatipennis Solsky, 1870: 461 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: environs de la ville d’Astrakhan).

— Solsky, 1874: 183 ( Philonthus ; characters; Turkestan).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 359 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1367 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 432 ( Philonthus ; characters; Russia; Caucasus; Turkestan).

— Jarrige, 1971: 494 ( Philonthus ; Iran).

— Coiffait, 1974: 210 ( Philonthus ; characters; Russia; Turkestan; Transcaspian region; Persia).

— Petrenko, 1980: 82 ( Philonthus ; Caucasus).

- DISTRIBUTION: Russia, Turkey, Iran, “Turkestan”.

tectipennis Coiffait, 1967a: 432 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; variety of velatipennis ; [Note: Nomen nudum (Article 15.2)]).

— Coiffait, 1974: 210 ( Philonthus ; variety of velatipennis ; [Note: Cited as a new variety but is still a nomen nudum]; characters; Type locality cited as Turkestan: Tschimagad).

extensus Korge, 1971a: 7 ( Philonthus ; aberration of velatipennis ; [Note: Nomen nudum (Articles 1.3.4, 45.5)]; cited from Kleinasien: Igdir nördlich des Ararat).

ventralis Gravenhorst, 1802: 174 ( Staphylinus ; Type locality: Lusitania; [Note: See lectotype designation by Smetana, 1995e]).

— Latreille, 1804: 324 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Portugal).

— Gravenhorst, 1806: 60 ( Staphylinus ).

— Gyllenhal, 1810: 334 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Sweden).

— C. Sahlberg, 1830: 325 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Finland).

— Mannerheim, 1830: 29 ( Staphylinus ; Finland; Sweden).

— Mannerheim, 1831: 443 ( Staphylinus ; Finland; Sweden).

— Stephens, 1832: 219 ( Quedius ; [Note: Misidentification: Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 360 cited fulvipes Stephens (1832: 219) as a synonym of ventralis Gravenhorst ; Stephens did not describe the species as new, he attributed it to Fabricius]; characters; England).

— Stephens, 1832: 237 ( Philonthus ; characters; England).

— Ménétriés, 1832: 146 ( Staphylinus ; Caucasus-Persia region).

— Lacordaire, 1835: 407 ( Staphylinus ; characters; France).

— Curtis, 1836: pl. 610 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain).

— Nordmann, 1837: 93 ( Philonthus ; Sweden; Germany; Russia).

— Erichson, 1839a: 468 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).

— Heer, 1839: 267 ( Philonthus ; characters; Switzerland).

— Stephens, 1839: 397 ( Philonthus ; characters; England).

— Erichson, 1840: 473 ( Philonthus ; characters; Europe; America septentrionalis; St. Vincent).

— Kolenati, 1846: 20 ( Philonthus ; Tanain; trans Caucasum).

— Jacobsen, 1849: 699 ( Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).

— Hochhuth, 1849: 142 ( Philonthus ; characters; Tiflis).

— Redtenbacher, 1849: 705 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria).

— Küster, 1854: 11 ( Philonthus ; characters; Europe).

— Hardy, 1851: 30 ( Philonthus ; notes; England).

— Fairmaire and Laboulbène, 1856: 523 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).

— Kraatz, 1857d: 605 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).

— Redtenbacher, 1857: 195 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria).

— Kraatz, 1858a: 61 ( Philonthus ; Greece).

— Peyron, 1858: 425 ( Philonthus ; Turkey).

— Thomson, 1860: 160 ( Philonthus ; characters; Scandinavia).

— Hochhuth, 1862: 61 ( Philonthus ; Russia).

— Wollaston, 1867: 238 ( Philonthus ; characters; notes; Cape Verde Islands).

— Solsky, 1872: 303 ( Philonthus ; Cayenne). Caucasus; Transcausia; Siberia ; Madeira, Canary, and Cape Verde Islands; North America; Antilles; Guyana).

— Redtenbacher, 1874: 214 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria).

— Seidlitz, 1875: 276 ( Philonthus ; characters; Baltic region).

— Fauvel, 1876a: 73 [= 1876: 258] ( Philonthus ; Tunisia; Azores; Cuba).

— Mulsant and Rey, 1876: 481 [= 1877: 337] ( Philonthus ; characters; larval characters; France).

— J. Sahlberg, 1876: 18 ( Philonthus ; Finland).

— Provancher, 1877: 250 ( Philonthus ; characters; Quebec).

— Fauvel, 1878: 123 [= 1878a: 43] ( Philonthus ; Algeria; Tunisia).

— Horn, 1884: 211 ( Philonthus ; characters; Michigan; Missouri; Nevada).

— Fauvel, 1886: 54 [= 1886a: 46] ( Philonthus ; Morocco; Tunisia; Algeria).

— Blackburn, 1888b: 48 ( Philonthus ; Australia).

— Fowler, 1888: 274 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain).

— Fleutiaux and Sallé, 1889: 380 ( Philonthus ; Guadeloupe Island).

— Fauvel, 1889b: 265 ( Philonthus ; New Caledonia).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 455 ( Philonthus ; characters; Palaearctic region; North and South America).

— Fauvel, 1902b: 109 ( Philonthus ; Barbary; Egypt; Azores; Madeira; Canaries).

— Fauvel, 1903d: 270 ( Philonthus ; New Caledonia).

— Fauvel, 1903e: 241 ( Philonthus ; Cameroon; Subcosmopolitan).

— Sainte-Claire Deville, 1906: 96 ( Philonthus ; Corsica).

— Ramos, 1946: 33 ( Philonthus ; Mona Island, West Indies).

— Reitter, 1909: 129 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).

— Blatchley, 1910: 388 ( Philonthus ; characters; Indiana).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 360 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Johansen, 1914: 410 ( Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).

— Lea, 1925: 220 ( Philonthus ; Australian introduction).

— Rambousek, 1922: 1010 ( Philonthus ; Ethiopia).

— Bernhauer, 1928: 16 ( Philonthus ; Sumatra).

— Portevin, 1929: 362 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).

— Cameron, 1932: 124 ( Philonthus ; characters; India).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1367 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Cameron, 1933d: 387 ( Philonthus ; Sumatra).

— Wüsthoff, 1934: 61 ( Philonthus ; illustration of aedeagus).

— Bernhauer, 1942c: 361 ( Philonthus ; Cameroon).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 404 ( Philonthus ; characters; Cuba; Jamaica; Dominican Republic; Puerto Rico; Culebra Island; St. Thomas; St. Croix; St. Kitts; Antigua; Montserrat; Guadeloupe; Dominica; St. Lucia; Barbados; St. Vincent; Grenada; Tobago; Trinidad).

— Blackwelder, 1947: 123 ( Philonthus ; Cayman Islands).

— V. Hansen, 1952: 74 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).

— Tottenham, 1956: 226 ( Philonthus ; Ruanda).

— Scheerpeltz, 1956c: 1101 ( Philonthus ; Cyprus).

— Smetana, 1958: 211 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; ecology; Czechoslovakia).

— Smetana, 1959: 161, 166 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Tottenham, 1961: 204 ( Philonthus ; Senegal).

— Smetana, 1963b: 36 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Madeira).

— Palm, 1963b: 91 ( Philonthus ; characters; Sweden; Denmark; Norway; Finland).

— Lohse, 1964: 184 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; central Europe).

— Horion, 1965: 166 ( Philonthus ; widespread in southern and central Europe, sporadic in northern Europe).

— Levasseur, 1966a: 1213 ( Philonthus ; Congo).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 422 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Levasseur, 1968a: 53 ( Philonthus ; Central African Republic).

— Szujecki, 1969a: 256 ( Philonthus ; notes; Poland).

— Scheerpeltz, 1971c: 170 ( Philonthus ; Cameroon).

— Moore and Legner, 1974: 39 ( Philonthus ; spread by commerce).

— Pope, 1977: 30 ( Philonthus ; Britain).

— Smetana, 1978: 117 ( Philonthus ; collecting notes; Israel).

— Frank, 1982: 44 ( Philonthus ; list of parasites).

— Frank, 1984: 479 ( Philonthus ; notes; characters; Haiti; Costa Rica; Florida).

— Tóth, 1984: 73 ( Philonthus ; characters; Hungary).

— Lucht, 1987: 105 ( Philonthus ; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Switzerland; France; Benelux; Denmark; Sweden).

— Welch, 1993: 228 ( Philonthus ; ovariole number and ovary structure).

— Smetana, 1993b: 48 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Czech Republic; Slovakia).

— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 29 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Smetana, 1995e: 190 ( Philonthus ; lectotype designation; characters; Ontario; Quebec; Arizona; California; Florida; Illinois; Iowa; Kansas; Maryland; Massachusetts; Nevada; New Hampshire; New Jersey; New York; North Carolina; Pennsylvania; South Carolina; Tennessee; Texas; Washington; West Virginia) .

— Hu and Frank, 1995b: 585 ( Philonthus ; surface structure of eggs).

— Downie and Arnett, 1996: 381 ( Philonthus ; characters; USA).

— Hu and Frank, 1997 ( Philonthus ; predation of eggs and larvae of Haematobia irritans ; Florida).

- DISTRIBUTION: Cosmopolitan.

anthrax Gravenhorst, 1802: 176 ( Staphylinus ; Type locality: America septentr.; [Note: See lectotype designation by Smetana, 1995e]).

— Gravenhorst, 1806: 67 ( Staphylinus ).

— Nordmann, 1837: 97 ( Philonthus ; America septentrionalis).

— Erichson, 1840: 473 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Kolenati, 1846: 20 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Küster, 1854: 11 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Kraatz, 1857d: 605 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Fleutiaux and Sallé, 1889: 380 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 455 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 360 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Cameron, 1932: 124 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 404 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Smetana, 1958: 211 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 190 ( Philonthus ; lectotype designation; synonym of ventralis ).

immundus Gravenhorst, 1806: 66 ( Staphylinus ; Type locality: Parisiae).

— Erichson, 1839a: 468 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Erichson, 1840: 473 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Kolenati, 1846: 20 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Küster, 1854: 11 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Kraatz, 1857d: 605 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— J. Sahlberg, 1876: 18 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Fleutiaux and Sallé, 1889: 380 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 455 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 360 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Cameron, 1932: 124 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 404 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Smetana, 1958: 211 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 217 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 190 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

celer Gravenhorst, 1806: 66 ( Staphylinus ; Type locality: Parisiae).

— Heer, 1839: 266 ( Staphylinus ; [Note: Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 334 attributed celer to Heer as a synonym of debilis but Heer did not describe the species as new, he attributed it to Gravenhorst]; characters).

— Nordmann, 1837: 94 ( Philonthus ; France; Germany).

— Erichson, 1840: 480 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).

— Fauvel, 1874: 227 [= 1874a: 453] ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 453 ( Philonthus ; synonym of debilis ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 334 ( Philonthus ; synonym of debilis ).

— Smetana, 1958: 211 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 217 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 190 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

picicollis Stephens, 1832: 224 ( Quedius ; Type locality: Norfolk; Suffolk; Devonshire). — Stephens, 1839: 392 ( Quedius ; characters; England).

— G. Waterhouse, 1858: 25 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Fleutiaux and Sallé, 1889: 380 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 360 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Cameron, 1932: 124 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 404 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Smetana, 1958: 212 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 217 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 190 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

simplex Stephens, 1833: 248 ( Bisnius ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Devonshire).

— Stephens, 1839: 399 ( Bisnius ; characters; England).

— G. Waterhouse, 1858: 25 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

fuscicornis Stephens, 1833: 248 ( Bisnius ; Type locality: Suffolk).

— Stephens, 1839: 399 ( Bisnius ; characters; England).

— G. Waterhouse, 1858: 25 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

fulvipes Stephens, 1833: 249 ( Bisnius ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: London).

— Stephens, 1839: 399 ( Bisnius ; characters; England).

— G. Waterhouse, 1858: 25 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Fleutiaux and Sallé, 1889: 380 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Cameron, 1932: 124 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 404 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Smetana, 1958: 212 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 217 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 190 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

rotundiceps Stephens, 1833: 248 ( Bisnius ; Type locality: Norfolk; Suffolk).

— Stephens, 1839: 399 ( Bisnius ; characters; England).

— Hardy, 1851: 28 ( Philonthus ; notes; England).

— G. Waterhouse, 1858: 25 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Fleutiaux and Sallé, 1889: 380 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 360 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Cameron, 1932: 124 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 404 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Smetana, 1958: 212 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 217 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 190 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

proximus Wollaston, 1857: 189 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Madeira: near Funchal; Gorgulho; Praya Formoza. Porto Santo ).

— Wollaston, 1864: 573 ( Philonthus ; characters; Canary Islands).

— Wollaston, 1865: 493 ( Philonthus ; habitat; notes; Madeira Islands; Canary Islands).

— Crotch, 1867a: 383 ( Philonthus ; Azores).

— Wollaston, 1867: 238 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Wollaston, 1867: 279 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Fauvel, 1869: 489 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Fauvel, 1869a: 151 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Wollaston, 1871: 303 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Fauvel, 1902b: 109 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Bernhauer, 1940c: 4 ( Philonthus ; variety of ventralis ; Azores).

— Méquignon, 1942a: 21 ( Philonthus ; subspecies of ventralis ; Azores).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 404 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

— Borges, 1990: Table II ( Philonthus ; subspecies of ventralis ; Azores).

fortunatus Wollaston, 1865: 493 ( Philonthus ; variety of proximus ; Type locality: Teneriffe).

— Fauvel, 1902b: 110 ( Philonthus ; synonym of debilis ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 360 ( Philonthus ; variety of ventralis ).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 404 ( Philonthus ; synonym of ventralis ).

venustulus Last, 1968 , see: Hesperus .

venustus Last, 1968 , see: Hesperus .

veronikae Hromádka, 1992: 101 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Nepal, Khudi ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Nepal.

versicolor Cameron, 1919 , see: eustilbus Kraatz, 1859 .

versutus Horn, 1884 , see: Bisnius .

verticalis Tottenham, 1956: 287 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Ruanda: Rutovu, forêt du Rugege,

2350 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Rwanda.

vertumnus Herman, 2001: 48 ( Philonthus ; replacement name for planus Last ).

- DISTRIBUTION: New Guinea.

planus Last, 1987: 27 ( Philonthus ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Papua New Guinea:

Gazelle Peninsula, Upper Warangoi, 1250 m).

— Herman, 2001: 48 ( Philonthus ; synonym of vertumnus ).

vestigator Tottenham, 1955: 162 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Spatulonthus ; Type locality: Kenya:

Ngonga Hills).

— Tottenham, 1962: 140 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Spatulonthus ; Tanganyika).

- DISTRIBUTION: Kenya, Tanzania.

vestitus Sharp, 1874 , see: Cafius .

vesubiensis Coiffait, 1967a: 447 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Kenonthus ; Type locality: Balme de la Frema, 2400 m, Alpes Maritimes).

— Jarrige, 1968b: 74 ( Philonthus ; France).

— Coiffait, 1974: 300 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Kenonthus ; characters; Alps).

- DISTRIBUTION: France.

veteratorius Broun, 1880: 112 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Whangarei Harbour).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 360 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: New Zealand.

vicinus Cameron, 1932 , see: Gabrius .

vicinus Cameron, 1933 , see: renominatus Cameron, 1937 .

victoriensis Lea, 1925: 224 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Victoria: Melbourne ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1367 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Australia.

viduus Erichson, 1840 , see: Styngetus .

viduus Cameron, 1933 , see: Gabrius .

viettei Jarrige, 1970: 50 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Madagascar: Mt. Tsaratanana , matsabory en dessous de l’Andohanisambirano, 2050 m).

— Lecoq, 1998: 67 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Piezarthrus ; characters; Madagascar).

- DISTRIBUTION: Madagascar.

vilis Erichson, 1840 , see: hepaticus Erichson, 1840 .

villiersi Bernhauer, 1942c: 362 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Mont Cameroun, 1800–2000 m). — Poppius, 1909: 26 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gefyrobius ; Lena Valley, Siberia ).

— Reitter, 1909: 130 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 360 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Johansen, 1914: 412 ( Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).

— Portevin, 1929: 364 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1367 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Wüsthoff, 1934: 61 ( Philonthus ; illustration of aedeagus).

— Jarrige, 1951a: 7 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Coiffait, 1963: 12 ( Paragabrius ).

— Focarile, 1964: 59 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Coiffait, 1973a: 274 ( Paragabrius ; Morocco).

— Coiffait, 1974: 95 ( Paragabrius ; characters; Portugal; Morocco).

— Shilov, 1975a: 376 [= 1975b: 98] ( Philonthus ; Komi region of Russia).

— Tóth, 1984: 76 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Maachi, 1991: 251 ( Paragabrius ; Morocco).

— Outerelo, Gamarra, and Salgado, 1998:129 ( Paragabrius ; subgenus Paragabrius ; collected from cave; Spain; Portugal).

- DISTRIBUTION: Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, Europe.

viridanus Horn, 1884 , see: gracilior Casey, 1915 .

viridanus Nordmann, 1837 , see: laminatus Creutzer, 1799 .

viridiniger Bernhauer, 1916c: 30 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: West-Columbien: Umgebung von Cali im Caucatale).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1368 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Colombia.

viridipennis Fauvel, 1875a : XXX [= 1875b: 232] ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Syrie, Tibériade , Bahr-el-Houleh).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 361 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1368 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 425 ( Philonthus ; characters; Syria; Lebanon; Palestine; Caucasus; central Europe; [Note: The last two regions cited referred to P. oebalus Tottenham which Coiffait listed as a junior synonym of P. viridipennis ]).

— Coiffait, 1974: 202 ( Philonthus ; characters; Palestine; Syria; Caucasus; Europe; [Note: The last two regions cited referred to P. oebalus Tottenham which Coiffait listed as a junior synonym of P. viridipennis ]).

— Tóth, 1984: 74 ( Philonthus ; characters; Hungary).

- DISTRIBUTION: Syria, Lebanon, Israel.

viridovix Smetana, 1995e: 397 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Arkansas: Newton Co.:

Buffalo NR, Leatherwood Cr. Also cited from Illinois).

- DISTRIBUTION: USA.

virilis Horn, 1884 , see: Gabrius .

visokeanus Cameron, 1950 , see: Gabrius .

vitochensis Coiffait, 1974 , see: frigidus Märkel and Kiesenwetter, 1848 .

vittatus Roth, 1851 , see: natalensis Boheman, 1848 .

vittiger Fauvel, 1907: 40 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Escarpment).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 361 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Tottenham, 1962: 136 ( Philonthus ; Tanganyika).

- DISTRIBUTION: Kenya, Tanzania.

pseudovittiger Bernhauer, 1939a: 85 ( Philonthus ; variety of vittiger ; Type locality: Kenya: Mt. Elgon, Osthang, Suam fishing hut, 2400 m).

vividus Broun, 1880 , see: Quedius .

vividus Cameron, 1931: 360 ( Hesperus ; [Note: The name is a secondary homonym in Phiwittei Bernhauer, 1932b: 149 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Katanga: Kansenia).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1368 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo.

wittmeri Coiffait, 1977b: 225 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Bhutan: Kotoka-Gogona , 2600– 3400 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Bhutan.

wittmeri Coiffait, 1982 , see: Anisolinus .

wohlgrothi R. Dvořák, 1952 [Note: Nomen nudum], see: succicola Thomson, 1860 .

wollastoni Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1368 ( Philonthus ; replacement name for punctipennis Wollaston ).

— Tottenham, 1956a: 241 ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbidus ).

— Levasseur, 1966a: 1214 ( Philonthus ; subspecies of turbidus ; Congo; Cape Verde; Sudan; Somalia; Nigeria; Madagascar).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 431 ( Philonthus ; cited as valid species; characters; Madeira; Canary Islands; Cape Verde Islands).

— Coiffait, 1973a: 274 ( Philonthus ; Morocco).

— Coiffait, 1974: 207 ( Philonthus ; characters; Cape Verde Islands; Canary Islands; Madeira; intertropical Africa).

— Scheerpeltz, 1974c: 21 ( Philonthus ; characters; Sudan).

- DISTRIBUTION: Madeira, Canary Islands, Cape Verde Islands, Morocco, Algeria, Nigeria, Sudan, Congo, Somalia, Madagascar.

punctipennis Wollaston, 1857: 192 ( Philonthus ; [Note: Preoccupied secondary homonym when punctipennis Solier was in Philonthus ]; Type locality: Madeira: Santa Cruz).

— Wollaston, 1864: 575 ( Philonthus ; characters; Canary Islands).

— Wollaston, 1865: 495 ( Philonthus ; habitat; Madeira Islands; Canary Islands).

— Wollaston, 1867: 240 ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbidus ).

— Wollaston, 1871: 303 ( Philonthus ; notes; synonym of turbidus ).

— Fauvel, 1875a: XXXI [= 1875b: 233] ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbidus ).

— Fauvel, 1902b: 110 ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbidus ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 358 ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbidus ).

— Gridelli, 1930a: 92 ( Philonthus ; [Note: According to Tottenham (1956a: 243) Gridelli’s identification of punctipennis may have been erroneous and it may have been tumulinus ]; characters; Cape Verde).

— Peyerimhoff, 1931: 32 ( Philonthus ; Algeria).

— Cameron, 1932: 141 ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbidus ).

— Tottenham, 1956a: 241 ( Philonthus ; synonym of turbidus ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 207 ( Philonthus ; synonym of wollastoni ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1974c: 21 ( Philonthus ; synonym of wollastoni ).

woodburnensis Hatch, 1957, see: spiniformis Hatch, 1957 .

wuesthoffi Bernhauer, 1939d: 98 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Japan: Yokkaichi , Meeresstrand. Also cited from Korea and China).

— Wüsthoff, 1937a: 347 ( Philonthus ; illustration of aedeagus; Manchuria).

— Watanabe, 1992 ( Philonthus ; Okushiri-tô Island).

— Watanabe and Shibata, 1972: 64 ( Philonthus ; Yaku-shima Island).

— Frank, 1982: 44 ( Philonthus ; list of parasites).

— Yuh, Paik, Kwon, and Lee, 1985: 242 ( Philonthus ; Korea).

— J. Li, 1993: 33 ( Philonthus ; China).

— Watanabe, 1998: 313 ( Philonthus ; Japan).

— Schillhammer, 1999a: 62 ( Philonthus ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Japan, Russia, China, Korea.

duplicatus Tikhomirova, 1973: 167 ( Philonthus ; [preoccupied]; Type locality:

Khasanskii raion).

Phucobius

[8 species; Palaearctic, Ethiopian, Oriental, and Oceanic Regions]

Phucobius Sharp, 1874: 35 (species included: simulator ). TYPE SPECIES: Phucobius simulator Sharp , fixed by monotypy.

— Duvivier, 1883: 144 (catalog).

— Sharp, 1889: 108 (notes; valid genus).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 373 (world catalog; 3 species).

— Winkler, 1925: 381 (catalog for Palaearctic region).

— Cameron, 1925: 65 (catalog of Indian species).

— Cameron, 1932: 178 (characters).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1380 (world catalog supplement).

— Blackwelder, 1952: 307 (type species: simulator ).

— Tikhomirova, 1973a: 186 (checklist of species of USSR).

— Shibata, 1984: 80 (checklist of species of Japan).

— Moore and Legner, 1976: 541 (includes seashore species; notes).

— Shibata, 1986a: 124 (supplemental list of species from Taiwan).

— Kanehisa, Tsumuki, and Kawazu, 1994 (chemical secretions).

— Smetana, 1995e: 50 (characters).

— Hayashi, 2000: 23 (notes on empodial setae).

africanus Bernhauer, 1937b: 617 ( Phucobius ; Type locality: W. Usambara: Kwarukussu, 1600 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Tanzania.

congruus Walker, 1858: 205 ( Ocypus ; Type locality: Ceylon).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 373 ( Phucobius ; catalog).

— Cameron, 1919b: 207 ( Phucobius ; notes; Ceylon).

— Cameron, 1932: 178 ( Phucobius ; characters; Ceylon).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1380 ( Phucobius ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Sri Lanka.

punctilinea Walker, 1858: 205 ( Ocypus ; Type locality: Ceylon) .

— Fauvel, 1902a: 41 ( Phucobius ; synonym of congruus ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 373 ( Phucobius ; synonym of congruus ).

— Cameron, 1932: 178 ( Phucobius ; synonym of congruus ).

horni Bernhauer, 1902b: 28 ( Cafius ; Type locality: Weligama).

— Fauvel, 1902a: 41 ( Phucobius ; synonym of congruus ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 373 ( Phucobius ; synonym of congruus ).

— Cameron, 1932: 178 ( Phucobius ; synonym of congruus ).

cupreipennis Cameron, 1918: 89 ( Orthidus ; Type locality: Singapore: Pasir Panjang ).

— Cameron, 1921a: 378, 405 ( Orthidus ; characters; Singapore).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1368 ( Orthidus ; catalog).

— Watanabe and Shibata, 1976: 333 ( Phucobius ; Malaysia).

- DISTRIBUTION: Singapore, Malaysia.

densipennis Bernhauer, 1931c: 131 ( Phucobius ; Type locality: Riu-Kiu-Inseln: Kagoshima).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1380 ( Phucobius ; catalog).

— Ikudome and Hayakawa, 1994: 187 ( Phucobius ; cattle dung collections; Ryukyu Islands).

— Watanabe, 1998a: 140 ( Phucobius ; Japan).

- DISTRIBUTION: Japan.

horni Bernhauer, 1902 , see: congruus Walker, 1859 .

pectoralis Boheman, 1858: 31 ( Quedius ; Type locality: China).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 373 ( Phucobius ; catalog).

— Bernhauer, 1932c: 235 ( Phucobius ; notes).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1380 ( Phucobius ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: China.

Pterygolaetus

[1 species; Neotropical Region]

Pterygolaetus Bierig, 1937: 194 (species included: williamsi ). TYPE SPECIES: Pterygolaetus williamsi Bierig , fixed by original designation and monotypy.

— Blackwelder, 1944: 136 (checklist of species from Mexico, Central and South America, and the West Indies).

— Blackwelder, 1952: 332 (type species: williamsi ).

williamsi Bierig, 1937: 196 ( Pterygolaetus ; Type locality: Ecuador: Banos Or., 2700–3300 m). - DISTRIBUTION: Ecuador.

Quediosoma

[1 species; Oriental Region]

Quediosoma Cameron, 1926b: 366 (species included: termitophaga ). TYPE SPECIES: Quediosoma termitophaga Cameron , fixed by original designation and monotypy.

— Cameron, 1932: 256 (characters).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1411 (world catalog supplement).

— Blackwelder, 1952: 335 (type species: termitophaga ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1965: 278 (characters; type species: sericoilium = termitophagum).

sericoilium Cameron, 1920: 216 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Nilgiri Hills).

— Cameron, 1932: 257 ( Quediosoma ; characters; India).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1411 ( Quediosoma ; catalog).

— Seevers, 1957: 318 ( Quediosoma ; doubtfully termitophilous).

- DISTRIBUTION: India.

termitophaga Cameron, 1926b: 367 ( Quediosoma ; Type locality: Dehra Dun).

— Cameron, 1932: 257 ( Quediosoma ; synonym of sericoilius ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1411 ( Quediosoma ; synonym of sericoilium).

termitophaga Cameron, 1926 , see: sericoilium Cameron, 1920.

Rabigus

[19 species; Nearctic, Palaearctic and Oriental Regions]

Rabigus Mulsant and Rey, 1876: 523 [= 1877: 379] (species included: tenuis , pullus ). TYPE SPECIES: Philonthus pullus Nordmann , fixed by subsequent designation by Tottenham, 1939d: 229.

— Seidlitz, 1891: 389 (key to some European species).

— Seidlitz, 1891a: 414 (key to some European species).

— Heyden, Reitter, and Weise, 1891: 104 (list of species of Europe and Caucasus).

— Heyden, 1893: 43 (subgenus of Philonthus ; list of species of Siberian region).

— Heyden, 1896: 33 (subgenus of Philonthus ; list of species of Siberian region).

— Heyden, Reitter, and Weise, 1906: 168 (subgenus of Philonthus ; list of species of Europe and Caucasus).

— Reitter, 1909: 124 (subgenus of Philonthus ; characters).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 326 (subgenus of Philonthus ).

— Cameron, 1932: 62 (subgenus of Philonthus ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1330 (subgenus of Philonthus ).

— Tottenham, 1939d: 229 (type species designation: pullus ).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 399 (subgenus of Philonthus ; type species: pullus ).

— Tottenham, 1949: 372,419 (type species: pullus Nordmann ; subgenus of Philonthus ; checklist of British species).

— Blackwelder, 1952: 336 (type species).

— Smetana, 1958: 143, 227 (subgenus of Philonthus ; characters; type species).

— Smetana, 1959: 172 (subgenus of Philonthus ; characters).

— Coiffait, 1963: 7, 18 (characters).

— Lohse, 1964: 186 (subgenus of Philonthus ; characters; key to central European species).

— Tóth, 1984: 79 (characters; habitus; key to species of Hungary).

— Segers, 1986: 43 (checklist of species; Belgium).

— Drugmand 1987b (comments on distribution of Belgian species).

— Lohse and Lucht, 1989: 168 (valid genus).

— Silfverberg, 1992: 16 (list of species of Fennoscandia, Denmark, and the Baltic States).

— Smetana, 1993b: 48 (list of species of Czech Republic and Slovakia).

— Smetana, 1995e: 32, 471 (characters; North American species; notes).

— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 29 (list of species of Italy).

— Newton, Thayer, Ashe, and Chandler, 2000: 397 (1 Nearctic species; notes; characters in key). abauriae Gridelli, 1924e: 177 , 180 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Rabigus ; Type locality: Persia settentrionale).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1330 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Smetana, 1965f: 257 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Rabigus ; Caucasus; Persia).

— Coiffait, 1974: 107 ( Rabigus ; characters; Persia; Armenia).

— Raitschev, 1997a: 100 ( Rabigus ; notes; Bulgaria).

- DISTRIBUTION: Iran, Armenia.

alienus Eppelsheim, 1889a: 178 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Rabigus ; Type locality: Kan-ssu).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 328 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Gridelli, 1924e: 181 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Rabigus ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1331 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Coiffait, 1974: 109 ( Rabigus ; characters; Mongolia; China).

- DISTRIBUTION: Mongolia, China.

auropilosus Luze, 1912, see: princeps Bernhauer, 1902 .

basipilosus Schubert, 1908: 621 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Kulu, Himalaya, ca. 2000 m).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 330 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Cameron, 1932: 140 ( Philonthus ; characters; India).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1333 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Gridelli, 1934: 76 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Rabigus ; characters; Karakoram region).

— Coiffait, 1979d: 552 ( Rabigus ; Afghanistan).

— Coiffait, 1981e: 349 ( Rabigus ; Baltistan).

— Coiffait, 1983e: 477 ( Rabigus ; Afghanistan).

- DISTRIBUTION: India, Pakistan, Afghanistan.

brunnicollis Hochhuth, 1851 , see: tenuis Fabricius, 1793 .

convergens Casey, 1915 , see: laxellus Casey, 1915 .

dimidiatus Panzer, 1795 , see: tenuis Fabricius, 1793 .

escurialensis Perez, 1865: 12 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: los montes del Escorial antes de llegar á la cumbre).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 337 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1341 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Gridelli, 1920a: 17 ( Philonthus ; characters; Portugal; Spain).

— Coiffait, 1974: 102 ( Rabigus ; characters; Spain; Portugal).

- DISTRIBUTION: Spain, Portugal.

formosus Motschulsky, 1860: 567 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Daghestan Caucasien ).

— Hochhuth, 1862: 63 ( Philonthus ; characters; Daghestan).

— Solsky, 1871: 160 ( Philonthus ; characters; Uzbekistan; Djisak).

— Solsky, 1874: 182 ( Philonthus ; characters; Turkestan).

— Eppelsheim, 1892: 334 ( Philonthus ; Uzbekistan).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 338 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Gridelli, 1924e: 179 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Rabigus ; characters).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1343 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1963: 13 ( Philonthus ; Afghanistan).

— Coiffait, 1974: 108 ( Rabigus ; characters; Daghestan; Caucasus).

- DISTRIBUTION: Russia, Caucasus, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan.

hindostanus Schubert, 1911: 23 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Schembagamur, Madura, Hindostan).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 341 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Cameron, 1932: 97 ( Philonthus ; characters; India).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1345 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Schillhammer, 1996a: 82 ( Rabigus ; notes).

- DISTRIBUTION: India.

inconstans Sharp, 1889 , see: tenuis Fabricius, 1793 .

jumlensis Coiffait, 1982: 58 ( Rabigus ; Type locality: Nepal occidental: Dampelek ,

près de Jumla).

— Coiffait, 1983: 274 ( Rabigus ; Kashmir).

- DISTRIBUTION: Nepal.

karakorus Coiffait, 1981e: 351 ( Rabigus ; Type locality: Karakorum, Satpora Lake, 2700 m, Skardu).

- DISTRIBUTION: Pakistan.

ladakhensis Coiffait, 1982: 58 ( Rabigus ; Type locality: Inde: Ladakh , Kargil, 2950 m).

— Coiffait, 1982a: 232 ( Rabigus ; India).

- DISTRIBUTION: India.

lacustrinus Scheerpeltz, 1933 , see: laxellus Casey, 1915 .

lacustris Casey, 1915 , see: laxellus Casey, 1915 .

laeticollis Bernhauer, 1933 , see: pullus Nordmann, 1837 .

laxellus Casey, 1915: 431 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: New Mexico: Cloudcroft; [Note: See lectotype designation by Smetana, 1995e]).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1348 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Smetana, 1995e: 473 ( Rabigus ; lectotype designation; characters; notes; Alberta; Manitoba; Northwest Territories; Ontario; Quebec; Saskatchewan; Arizona; Colorado; Idaho; Iowa ;; Montana; Nebraska; New Mexico; New Hampshire; New York; North Dakota; South Dakota; Vermont; Wisconsin; Wyoming) .

- DISTRIBUTION: Canada, USA.

pumilio Casey, 1915: 431 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Manitoba: Aweme; [Note: See lectotype designation by Smetana, 1995e]).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1357 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Smetana, 1995e: 473 ( Rabigus ; lectotype designation; synonym of laxellus ).

longiventris Casey, 1915: 432 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Montana: Mullan; [Note: See lectotype designation by Smetana, 1995e]).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1349 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Smetana, 1995e: 473 ( Rabigus ; lectotype designation; synonym of laxellus ).

convergens Casey, 1915: 432 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Montana: Helena; [Note: See lectotype designation by Smetana, 1995e]).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1337 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Smetana, 1995e: 473 ( Rabigus ; lectotype designation; synonym of laxellus ).

lacustris Casey, 1915: 432 ( Philonthus ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Minnesota: Duluth; [Note: See lectotype designation by Smetana, 1995e]).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1347 ( Philonthus ; synonym of lacustrinus ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 473 ( Rabigus ; lectotype designation; synonym of laxellus ).

lacustrinus Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1347 ( Philonthus ; replacement name for lacustris Casey ). — Smetana, 1995e: 473 ( Rabigus ; synonym of laxellus ).

longiventris Casey, 1915 , see: laxellus Casey, 1915 .

nigricollis Gerhardt, 1908 , see: tenuis Fabricius, 1793 .

ocaleoides J. Sahlberg, 1908: 35 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Rabigus ; Type locality: Tarsi Anatoliae).

— Gridelli, 1924e: 180 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Rabigus ; characters).

— Portevin, 1929: 367 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1357 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Wüsthoff, 1934: 61 ( Philonthus ; illustration of aedeagus).

— V. Hansen, 1952: 81 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters).

— Smetana, 1958: 228 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Rabigus ; characters; ecology; Czechoslovakia).

— Smetana, 1959: 172 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Rabigus ; characters).

— Lohse, 1964: 186 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Rabigus ; characters; central Europe).

— Horion, 1965: 180 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Rabigus ; Britain; Holland; Belgium; Switzerland; France; Spain; Italy; Dalmatia; Croatia; Bosnia Hercegovina; Serbia; Albania; Greece; Romania; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Poland; Russia; Germany; Austria).

— Raianu, 1968a: 468 ( Philonthus ; Romania).

— Szujecki, 1968a: 732 ( Philonthus ; Poland).

— Coiffait, 1974: 105 ( Rabigus ; characters; Europe; Britain; Asia Minor; Armenia; Siberia ).

— Pope, 1977: 29 ( Philonthus ; Britain).

— Tóth, 1984: 80 ( Rabigus ; characters; Hungary).

— Ádám, 1987: 151 ( Rabigus ; collecting notes; Hungary).

— Lucht, 1987: 106 ( Philonthus ; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Switzerland; France; Benelux).

— Lohse and Lucht, 1989: 168 ( Rabigus ).

— J. Li, 1993: 40 ( Rabigus ; China).

— Smetana, 1993b: 48 ( Rabigus ; Czech Republic; Slovakia).

— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 29 ( Rabigus ; Italy).

— Sterrenburg and Schülke, 1997: 20 ( Rabigus ; Netherlands).

- DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Russia, Armenia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Pakistan, China.

pseudogracilis Reitter, 1909: 131 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Rabigus ; variety of pullus ; Type locality: Not cited).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1357 ( Philonthus ; aberration of pullus ).

— Smetana, 1958: 228 ( Philonthus ; synonym of pullus ).

— Smetana, 1959: 172 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Rabigus ; aberration of pullus ; characters).

— Coiffait, 1974: 105 ( Rabigus ; variety of pullus ; characters; Europe; Kazakhstan).

— Tóth, 1984: 80 ( Rabigus ; aberration of pullus ; characters; Hungary).

laeticollis Bernhauer, 1933: 30 ( Philonthus ; variety of pullus ; Type locality: Thibet).

— Gridelli, 1934: 77 ( Philonthus ; subspecies of basipilosus ; characters; Karakoram region).

— Coiffait, 1974: 105 ( Rabigus ; subspecies of pullus ; characters; Tibet).

pumilio Casey, 1915 , see: laxellus Casey, 1915 .

queinneci Coiffait, 1983d: 164 ( Rabigus ; Type locality: Nepal: Ganesh Himal , entre Salmi et Rupchet, 1500 à 3500 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Nepal.

reskai R. Dvořák, 1954, see: tenuis Fabricius, 1793 .

ruficapillus Reitter, 1887: 216 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Keria 7,500 bis 8,000 F. [Xinjiang]).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 353 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Gridelli, 1924e: 181 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Rabigus ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1359 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Coiffait, 1974: 108 ( Rabigus ; characters; central Asia).

- DISTRIBUTION: China.

syriacus Gridelli, 1924e: 178 , 179 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Rabigus ; Type locality: Tripoli de Siria).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1363 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Coiffait, 1974: 109 ( Rabigus ; characters; Lebanon).

- DISTRIBUTION: Syria, Lebanon.

— Nowosad, 1990: 113 ( Philonthus ; collected from mole nest; notes; Poland).

— Pilon and Zanetti, 1991: 64 ( Rabigus ; Italy).

— J. Li, 1993: 40 ( Rabigus ; China).

— Smetana, 1993b: 48 ( Rabigus ; Czech Republic; Slovakia).

— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 29 ( Rabigus ; Italy).

— Schülke, 1998g: 90 ( Rabigus ; Germany).

- DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Russia, Caucasus, Turkey, Iran, Uzbekistan, Mongolia. dimidiatus Panzer, 1795: 362 ( Paederus ; Type locality: Germania).

— Panzer, 1796c: 24 ( Paederus ; characters; illustration).

— Panzer, 1808: 11 ( Staphylinus ; synonym of tenuis Fabricius ).

— Gravenhorst, 1802: 40 ( Staphylinus ; synonym of tenuis Fabricius ).

— Erichson, 1839a: 474 ( Philonthus ; synonym of tenuis ).

— Heer, 1839: 270 ( Philonthus ; synonym of tenuis ).

— Erichson, 1840: 488 ( Philonthus ; synonym of tenuis ).

— Redtenbacher, 1849: 706 ( Philonthus ; synonym of tenuis ).

— Kraatz, 1857d: 618 ( Philonthus ; synonym of tenuis ).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 458 ( Philonthus ; synonym of tenuis ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 357 ( Philonthus ; synonym of tenuis ).

— Smetana, 1958: 227 ( Philonthus ; synonym of tenuis ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 106 ( Rabigus ; synonym of tenuis ).

gracilis Letzner, 1846: 79 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Not cited).

— Redtenbacher, 1857: 198 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).

— Kraatz, 1857d: 618 ( Philonthus ; synonym of tenuis ).

— Redtenbacher, 1874: 217 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).

— Mulsant and Rey, 1876: 526 [= 1877: 382] ( Rabigus ; synonym of tenuis ).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 458 ( Philonthus ; aberration of tenuis ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 357 ( Philonthus ; aberration of tenuis ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1364 ( Philonthus ; aberration of tenuis ).

— Smetana, 1959: 172 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Rabigus ; aberration of tenuis ; characters).

— Smetana, 1958: 227 ( Philonthus ; aberration of tenuis ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 106 ( Rabigus ; variety of tenuis ).

— Tóth, 1984: 80 ( Rabigus ; aberration of tenuis ).

brunnicollis Hochhuth, 1851: 20 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Kasan; [Note: See lectotype designation by Gusarov, 1992a]).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 331 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Gridelli, 1924e: 180 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Rabigus ; characters).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1335 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Nakane, 1963a: 91 ( Philonthus ; characters; habitus photograph; Japan).

— Coiffait, 1974: 110 ( Rabigus ; characters; Russia).

— Shilov, 1976: 153 ( Philonthus ; Mongolia).

— Yuh, Paik, Kwon, and Lee, 1985: 243 ( Rabigus ; Korea).

— Gusarov, 1992a: 786 [= 1993a: 75] ( Rabigus ; synonym of tenuis ; lectotype designation).

— J. Li, 1993: 40 ( Rabigus ; cited as valid species; China).

inconstans Sharp, 1889: 40 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Osaka; Niigata; Yokohama; Oyama; Hakodate ; Junsai ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 331 ( Philonthus ; synonym of brunnicollis ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 110 ( Rabigus ; synonym of brunnicollis ).

nigricollis Gerhardt, 1908: 209 ( Philonthus ; variety of tenuis ; Type locality: Ohlau: Rodeland).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 357 ( Philonthus ; aberration of tenuis ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1364 ( Philonthus ; aberration of tenuis ).

— Smetana, 1958: 227 ( Philonthus ; aberration of tenuis ).

— Smetana, 1959: 172 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Rabigus ; aberration of tenuis ; characters).

that Mr. Rudd had taken the insects which I characterized... as Remus sericeus , on the coast of Yorkshire; his specimens were from the Isle of Wight,... Mr. Rudd had distinguished the specimens [from the Isle of Wight] which he placed in the British Museum by the MS. name of Menapius grisescens .” Blackwelder, 1952: 237, concluded that this citation constituted validation of the generic name Menapius by objective synonymy with Remus and that the type species would be sericeus by monotypy. Since Menapius was first published as a synonym of Remus , it is unavailable (Article 11.6)]).

Pseudidus Mulsant and Rey, 1876: 574 [= 1877: 430] (species included: sericeus , pruinosus , filum ). TYPE SPECIES: Remus sericeus Holme , fixed by subsequent designation by Tottenham, 1939d: 229.

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 361 (synonym of Cafius ).

— Cameron, 1932: 154 (synonym of Cafius ).

— Tottenham, 1939d: 229 (type species designation: sericeus ).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 435 (synonym of Remus ; type species: sericeus ).

— Tottenham, 1949: 373 (synonym of Remus ; type species: sericeus Holme ).

— Blackwelder, 1952: 324 (type species).

— Coiffait, 1974: 332 (synonym of Remus ).

aegyptiacus Motschulsky, 1858 , see: sericeus Holme, 1837 .

corallicola Fairmaire, 1849: 289 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Taïti).

— Fauvel, 1874: 196 [= 1874a: 422] ( Cafius ).

— Fauvel, 1877: 256 ( Cafius ; characters; Tahiti).

— Fauvel, 1889b: 262 ( Cafius ; New Caledonia).

— Fauvel, 1898a: 117 ( Cafius ; Seychelles).

— Fauvel, 1903d: 268 ( Cafius ; New Caledonia; Australia; Tahiti; Seychelles; Mauritius; Madagascar; Perim; Djibouti).

— H. Kolbe, 1910: 19 ( Cafius ; Seychelles).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 362 ( Cafius ; catalog).

— Cameron, 1921a: 378, 405 ( Cafius ; characters; Singapore).

— Bernhauer, 1922b: 177 ( Cafius ; Seychelles).

— Lea, 1925: 225, 226 ( Cafius ; characters; Australian introduction).

— Cameron, 1927c: 264 ( Cafius ; Fiji; New Caledonia).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1369 ( Cafius ; catalog).

— C. Koch, 1936b: 186 ( Cafius ; characters in key; Tahiti; New Caledonia; Australia; Mauritius; Singapore; Ceylon; Hong Kong ).

— Cameron, 1937: 15 ( Cafius ; Java).

— Coiffait, 1974: 337 ( Remus ; characters).

— Watanabe and Shibata, 1976: 333 ( Cafius ; subgenus Bryonomus ; Malaysia).

— Coiffait, 1976: 217 ( Cafius ; cited as corallicolla; Tahiti).

— Coiffait, 1977a: 171 ( Cafius ; Austral Islands).

— Lecoq, 1990: 205 ( Remus ; Mascarene Islands).

- DISTRIBUTION: Austral Islands, Society Islands, Fiji, New Caledonia, Australia, China, Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia, Seychelles, Mauritius, Madagascar, Djibouti, Yemen.

occidentalis Olliff, 1887: 508 ( Cafius ; [Note: Olliff’s description was published before Blackburn’s]; Type locality: West Australia).

— Blackburn, 1888b: 48 ( Cafius ; [Note: Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 363, cited Blackburn as the author for this name, and although Olliff also cited Blackburn as the author, Olliff’s description appeared first]; characters; Australia).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 363 ( Cafius ; catalog).

— Lea, 1925: 226 ( Cafius ; synonym of corallicola ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1369 ( Cafius ; synonym of corallicola ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 337 ( Remus ; synonym of corallicola , cited as corallicolla).

— Fauvel, 1874: 199 [= 1874a: 425] ( Cafius ; characters; France; Scandinavia; Britain; Mediterranean region; Madeira).

— Seidlitz, 1875: 279 ( Philonthus ; characters; Baltic region).

— Fauvel, 1876a: 72 [= 1876: 257] ( Cafius ; Morocco).

— Mulsant and Rey, 1876: 577 [= 1877: 433] ( Pseudidus ; characters; France).

— Fauvel, 1878: 120 [= 1878a: 40] ( Cafius ; Morocco; Algeria).

— Fauvel, 1878g: 542 ( Cafius ; characters; notes; Australia).

— Horn, 1884: 238 ( Cafius ; characters; Coney Island, near New York).

— Fauvel, 1886: 52 [= 1886a: 44] ( Cafius ; Morocco; Egypt; Algeria).

— Olliff, 1887: 507 ( Cafius ; characters; Australia).

— Fowler, 1888: 283 ( Cafius ; characters; Britain).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 463 ( Cafius ; characters; north and middle Europe; Mediterranean region; North America).

— Fauvel, 1902b: 106 ( Cafius ; Barbary; Egypt; Canaries).

— Sainte-Claire Deville, 1906: 95 ( Cafius ; Corsica).

— Reitter, 1909: 123 ( Remus ; characters; Germany).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 363 ( Cafius ; catalog).

— Johansen, 1914: 421 ( Remus ; characters; Denmark).

— Portevin, 1929: 355 ( Cafius ; characters; France).

— Gridelli, 1930: 72 ( Cafius ; Libya).

— Gridelli, 1931: 124 ( Cafius ; characters in key).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1370 ( Cafius ; catalog).

— C. Koch, 1936b: 170 ( Cafius ; characters; Egypt).

— Paulian, 1941: 233, 327 ( Remus ; larval and pupal characters).

— V. Hansen, 1952: 33 ( Remus ; characters; Denmark).

— Scheerpeltz, 1960d: 136 ( Cafius ; subgenus Remus ; Portugal).

— Palm, 1963b: 60 ( Remus ; characters; Sweden; Denmark; Norway; Finland).

— Lohse, 1964: 173 ( Remus ; characters; central Europe).

— Horion, 1965: 121 ( Remus ; sea coast of Europe).

— Pototskaia, 1967: 53 ( Remus ; larval characters).

— James, Moore, and Legner, 1971: 282 ( Cafius ; larval characters).

— Coiffait, 1974: 335 ( Remus ; characters; Europe; England; Scandinavia; Bulgarian coast of Black Sea).

— Pope, 1977: 30 ( Cafius ; Britain).

— Frank, 1982: 34 ( Cafius ; list of parasites).

— Israelson, 1984: 145 ( Remus ; Azores).

— Lucht, 1987: 104 ( Remus ; checklist; Germany; Benelux; Denmark; Sweden).

— Lecoq, 1990: 203 ( Remus ; Mascarene Islands).

— Maachi, 1991: 251 ( Cafius ; Morocco).

— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 27 ( Remus ; Italy).

— Assing and Wunderle, 2001: 36 ( Remus ; Cyprus).

- DISTRIBUTION: Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Germany, Britain, France, Portugal, Azores, Madeira, Canary Islands, Morocco, Algeria, Libya, Egypt, Turkey, Bulgaria, Mascarene Islands, Australia, USA.

aegyptiacus Motschulsky, 1858: 665 ( Cafius ; Type locality: Alexandrie en Egypte).

— Fauvel, 1874: 199 [= 1874a: 425] ( Staphylinus ; synonym of sericeus ).

— Fauvel, 1902b: 106 ( Cafius ; synonym of sericeus ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 363 ( Cafius ; synonym of sericeus ).

obscuricornis C. Koch, 1936b: 170 , 183 ( Cafius ; variety of sericeus ; Type locality: östliches Mediterrangebiet).

— Scheerpeltz, 1958a: 22 ( Cafius ; variety of sericeus ; Turkey).

— Coiffait, 1968c: 505 ( Remus ; variety of sericeus ; Corsica).

— Coiffait, 1974: 336 ( Remus ; variety of sericeus ; characters).

subniger Mulsant and Rey, 1876 , see: Erichsonius .

Trachyphilonthus [1 species; Oriental Region]

Trachyphilonthus Scheerpeltz, 1965: 234 (species included: malaisei ). TYPE SPECIES: Trachyphilonthus malaisei Scheerpeltz , fixed by original designation and monotypy.

malaisei Scheerpeltz, 1965: 236 ( Trachyphilonthus ; Type locality: N.E. Burma, Kambaiti, 7000 ft.). - DISTRIBUTION: Myanmar.

Tropiopterius

[1 species; Australian Region]

Tropiopterius Bernhauer, 1915 g: 194 (species included: purpuripennis ). TYPE SPECIES:

Tropiopterius purpuripennis Bernhauer , fixed by monotypy.

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1380 (world catalog supplement).

— Blackwelder, 1952: 399 (type species: purpuripennis ).

purpuripennis Bernhauer, 1915 g: 194 ( Tropiopterius ; Type locality: Neu-Guinea: Kapaur). — Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1380 ( Tropiopterius ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: New Guinea.

Xanthodermus

[1 species; Neotropical Region]

Xanthodermus Bernhauer, 1912d: 40 (species included: vestitus ). TYPE SPECIES: Belonuchus vestitus R. Sahlberg , fixed by monotypy.

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 372 (world catalog; 1 species).

— Blackwelder, 1944: 138 (checklist of species from Mexico, Central and South America, and the West Indies).

— Blackwelder, 1952: 404 (type species: vestitus ).

vestitus R. Sahlberg, 1847: 788 ( Belonuchus ; Type locality: Rio Janeiro ).

— Bernhauer, 1912d: 40 ( Xanthodermus ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 372 ( Xanthodermus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Brazil.

Xenobius

[1 species; Neotropical Region]

Xenobius Borgmeier, 1931: 358 (species included: rotundiceps ). TYPE SPECIES: Xenobius rotundiceps Borgmeier , fixed by original designation and monotypy.

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1320 (world catalog supplement).

— Blackwelder, 1944: 149 (checklist of species from Mexico, Central and South America, and the West Indies).

— Blackwelder, 1952: 406 (type species: rotundiceps ).

— Seevers, 1965: 324 (characters; myrmecophilus species; list of species).

rotundiceps Borgmeier, 1931: 360 ( Xenobius ; Type locality: Campinas, Goyaz).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1320 ( Xenobius ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Brazil.