Coptonotus cyclopus Chapuis, 1869

Smith, Sarah M. & Cognato, Anthony I., 1869, A Revision ofCoptonotusChapuis, 1869 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Coptonotinae) with Notes on Its Biology, The Coleopterists Bulletin 1869 (3), pp. 409-428 : 409-428

Coptonotus cyclopus Chapuis, 1869 ( Figs. 2 , 7–9 , 19–26 )

Type Material. Holotype: male, “ New Grenada ” (present day Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, and Venezuela) ( IRSNB).

Diagnosis. This species is closely related to C. doppelganger . Both species possess a frontal fovea in each sex, two weakly developed oblique carinae just above the epistoma, the area between the carinae and mandibles punctate with a pair

3) C. doppelganger ; 4) C. striatus ; 5) C. uteq . 6) C. uteq , proventriculus.

of large punctures bearing a single seta above the mandibles, and size greater than 5.0 mm. Coptonotus cyclopus can be separated from C. doppelganger by the male frons bearing a broad, median, heart-shaped, punctate tumescence that is 1.25 times as long as wide along the midline, the triangular scutellum, the rhomboidal sternellum with basal margins slightly arcuate and median area deeply depressed, and the poststernellal suture depressed, posterior one-quarter of suture inflated, acuminate, dividing the poststernellum into two lobes that are conical, tumescent, nearly touching at posterior margin, and obliquely diverge toward procoxae ( Fig. 2 ).

Redescription of Male. 8.0– 8.8 mm long, 2.8 mm wide, 2.86–3.14 times longer than wide (n = 2). Body dark red-black, head darker than body, usually black. Tarsi and antennae red-brown. Head: Appearing triangular from apex of rostrum to upper level of eyes. Rostrum nearly parallelsided, twice as wide as long, flat, shagreened, dull, almost glabrous; apical half of rostrum with punctures smaller, shallow, more dense along apical and lateral margins, spaced 0.5–1.5 diameters of a puncture; apex of rostrum bearing a weakly elevated and emarginate process above mandibular base and 4 large punctures along apical margin; apex with a pair of faint oblique carinae, carinae arising from the emarginate process and extended dorsally toward the median line, each carina with a large median puncture just behind the dorsal margin, puncture 4 times the size of surrounding punctures, deeper, bearing 2 long, erect, pointed, hair-like setae, twice the length of other rostral setae; median area between carinae impunctate; basal half of rostrum with punctures larger, irregularly distributed, spaced 0.5– 2.0 times diameter of a puncture, punctures twice as deep as those on apical half (median area on basal half with a large, shallow median puncture in 1 specimen). Frons shagreened, dull, nearly glabrous, a single setae on each lateral margin; densely, deeply punctate, punctures spaced 1 diameter of a puncture; median fovea present along midline at apical margin of frons, fovea 4 times the size of other punctures and 7 times as deep; median frontal tumescence cordate, resembling a broad heart, 1.25 times as long as wide along midline, distinctly elevated. Eyes shallowly sinuate; dorsal margin at midpoint of frons, narrowly separated at gular suture (exact separation slightly variable). Point of antennal insertion at midpoint between mandibular base and upper level of eye. Antennal scape long, narrow, clavate, equal to length of funicle; funicle 7-segmented; club ovoid, basal third shagreened, setose, 3 moderately procurved sutures, each suture demarcated by a row of setae, sutures less prominent on posterior face. Vertex finely shagreened, minutely, sparsely punctate, punctures spaced 5–7 diameters of a puncture; never transversely strigate. Pronotum: 1.0–1.2 times longer than wide, resembling an hourglass, widest at basal fifth, sides projecting distally at an oblique angle from basal margin to widest point, sides deeply emarginate from just anterior to basal fifth for reception of profemur, sides subparallel from apical half to fifth and narrowly constricted on apical fifth; anterior margin weakly emarginate; surface shining, densely, deeply punctulate, punctures spaced by 1–2 diameters of a puncture, glabrous; lateral margins carinate; basal margin transverse, weakly carinate. Prosternal process with sternellum rhomboidal, basal margins slightly arcuate, median area deeply depressed; poststernellal suture depressed, dividing the poststernellum into 2 lobes, posterior quarter of suture inflated, acuminate; lobes conical, tumescent, nearly touching at posterior margin and obliquely diverging toward procoxae. Poststernellum divided by poststernellal suture into 2 rounded and weakly inflated lobes ( Fig. 2 ). Legs: Procoxae narrowly separated. Protibia as described for genus and with outer margin with a large premucro at apical third and 2 smaller teeth along basal margin. Meso- and metatibiae as described for genus. Elytra: 1.8– 1.9 times longer than wide. Elytral base transverse, carinate. Scutellum triangular, short, narrow; flush with surface. Sides straight on basal 2/3, narrowed on apical third; apex entire. Elytra with strial and interstrial width equal; first interstriae and striae impressed from scutellum to declivity, impression gradually becoming deeper apically. Discal interstriae impressed from basal fifth to declivity, impression gradually becoming deeper apically; discal interstriae granulate-punctate, punctures alternating with granules, each puncture bearing a short, erect seta, granules becoming tubercles apically; discal stria 1 deeply punctate, punctures large, medially constricted, resembling an hourglass, becoming deeper and coarser near declivital base, punctures shagreened; interstria 2 with a large spine at discal apex. Declivity steep, flattened, occupying apical 2/5 of elytra, interstria 4 tuberculate-carinate, forming a carina from basal third, converging with interstriae 7 and continuing to apex; declivital interstriae densely covered by recumbent, scale-like setae completely obscuring interstrial surface; striae bearing a uniseriate row of short, erect setae. Terminalia: Aedeagus arcuate, apex broadly curved, median lobe broad with lightly sclerotized central area, lateral margins heavily sclerotized, narrow. Central area of internal sac membranous; median orifice lightly sclerotized. Apodemes short, narrow, slightly less than 1/4 body length. Tegmen with a slightly elongate and apically bilobed anterior strut.

Female. 7.3–9.3 mm long, 2.5–3.0 mm wide, 2.92–3.10 times as long as wide (n = 3); pronotum 1.1–1.2 times longer than wide; elytra 1.6–1.9 times longer than wide. Similar to male except frons without a tumescence, vertex finely shagreened, finely, moderately punctate, punctures spaced 2–5 puncture diameters, elytral striae with punctures 0.75X those of males, elytral disc with interstria 1 shallowly impressed, elytral declivity convex, each interstria ornamented with 2–3 rows of smaller spatulate setae, base of elytral declivity unarmed.

Specimens Examined. Six specimens. Type material: Holotype. Paratype: female, New Grenada ( IRSNB) . Non-type material: COLOMBIA: leg. W. E. Pratt ( NHMW-1 ) . COSTA RICA: Puntarenas: Coto Brus Co., Las Cruces Biological Station , N8°47.7′ W82°57.32′, 1200m, 16.VI.2010, S.M. Smith ( MSUC-1 ; DNA voucher SMS 69) . PANAMA: Chiriquí: Fortuna , 8°44′N, 82°15′W, 1050m, V.1977, ex. UV trap ( USNM-1 ) ; 17.IX.1977, H. Wolda ( USNM-1 ) .

Distribution. Costa Rica (Heredia, Puntarenas), Panama (Chiriquí) ( Jordal et al. 2011).

Discussion. In his description of the species, Chapuis (1869) incorrectly assigned sex to two morphotypes. Chapuis’ description of the female represents the male, and the male description is that of a female. Hagedorn (1910) and Schedl (1962) correctly described the male and female. The aedeagus was examined and briefly mentioned by Thompson (1992) but was never described.

Figures

Figs. 2–6. Coptonotus species, morphological characteristics. 2–5) Prosternal process: 2) C. cyclopus;

Figs. 7–18. Coptonotus species, male genitalia, dorsal and lateral views and tegmen, respectively. 7–9) C. cyclopus; 10–12) C. doppelganger; 13–15) C. striatus; 16–18) C. uteq.

Figs. 19–26. Coptonotus cyclopus. Male habitus: 19) Dorsal view; 20) Lateral view; 21) Frontal view; 22) Declivity. Female habitus: 23) Dorsal view; 24) Lateral view; 25) Frontal view; 26) Declivity.