Proxima nigromaculata, Laranjeira & Gonçalves & Domahovski & Takiya, 2022

Laranjeira, Vanessa Cristina, Gonçalves, Clayton Corrêa, Domahovski, Alexandre Cruz & Takiya, Daniela Maeda, 2022, Review of Proxima DeLong & Freytag (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) with description of two new species from Brazil and identification key to species, Zootaxa 5091 (4), pp. 573-586 : 577-580

Proxima nigromaculata sp. nov.

( Figs 13–32 , 54, 55 )

Diagnosis. Forewing ( Fig. 16 ) with pair of dark brown maculae at apical third. Male pygofer ( Figs 19, 20 ) with apex folded inwardly. Subgenital plate ( Fig. 21 ), in ventral view, with inner margin mostly straight. Style ( Figs 22, 23 ), in lateral view, with blade sinuous and slender; ventral margin smooth. Aedeagus ( Figs 24, 25 ) with atrial processes not bifid and not exceeding apex of shaft; apex bifid into filiform projections directed posteroventrally.

Measurements (mm). 10.8–13.0 mm (male); 13.4–15.4 mm (female).

Coloration. Color pattern as in generic description, except for two dark brown maculae on corium of the forewing, one at the base of the first apical cell and appendix, and the other at wing apex ( Figs 16 , 54, 55 ).

External morphology. Forewing ( Fig. 16 ) with or without few extra-numerary veins on apical half, frequently on subapical cells. Other characters as in generic description.

Male terminalia. Sternite VIII ( Fig. 17 ), in ventral view, subrectangular; approximately 1.3 times wider than long; lateral margins parallel; posterolateral angles rounded; posterior margin with a median lobe slightly emarginated medially. Valve ( Fig. 18 ), in ventral view, approximately 2.4 times wider than long; anterior and posterior margins rectilinear. Pygofer ( Fig. 19 ), in lateral view, approximately 2.3 times longer than high; inner surface of lateral lobe with a thickening of the integument at anterodorsal portion; ventral margin slightly rounded; posterior margin sinuous; apex rounded, folded inwardly ( Fig. 20 ). Subgenital plate ( Fig 21 ), in ventral view, 3.6 times longer than wide; ligulate; outer margin rectilinear; inner margin slightly rounded; apex widely rounded. Connective ( Fig. 22 ), in dorsal view, with arms longer than stalk; anterior margin deeply excavated; stalk short and enlarged apically. Style ( Fig. 22 ), in dorsal view, with lateral lobe slightly rounded; in lateral view ( Fig. 23 ), with blade sinuous and slender, slightly narrowing towards apex; ventral margin smooth; apex strongly curved dorsally. Aedeagus ( Figs 24, 25 ) with preatrium moderately developed; dorsal apodeme underdeveloped with dorsal margin straight, weakly projected laterally; atrial processes slightly sclerotized, short, not exceeding apex of shaft, expanded preapically and with apex acute and curved ventrally; shaft broad at base and narrowing towards the apex, flattened dorsoventrally at apical half; apex bifid into poorly sclerotized filiform projections directed posteroventrally.

Female terminalia. Sternite VII ( Fig. 26 ), in ventral view, approximately 1.3 times wider than long; lateral margins parallel; posterolateral angle subacute; posterior margin excavated near lateral angles, with distinct median lobe excavated medially. Pygofer ( Fig. 27 ), in lateral view, approximately 1.4 times longer than high; macrosetae distributed at apical half and along ventral margin; apex slightly truncated. First valvifer ( Fig. 28 ), in lateral view, subquadrangular, as high as long, posterior margin rounded. First valvula ( Figs 28, 29 ), in lateral view, approximately 7.1 times longer than high; apex subacute. Second valvula ( Figs 30, 31 ), in lateral view, approximately 11.2 times longer than high; dorsal margin with three teeth widely separated in the apical half, being the basal larger than others; apex rounded. Second valvifer ( Fig. 32 ), in lateral view, approximately 2.2 times higher than wide. Gonoplac ( Fig. 32 ), in lateral view, approximately 3.7 times longer than high. Other characters as in generic description.

Etymology. The species epithet refers to the black maculae on the forewing.

Material examined: Holotype male: “ Brasil, Paraná, Tibagi \ P. E. do Guartelá, 1000m \ 24º33’47”S 50º15’26”W \ 21-24.XI.2016 Sweep \ A.C. Domahovski leg.” ( DZUP). Paratypes: Paraná: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, “ Brasil, PR, Antonina \ Res. Rio Cachoeira \ 25,316ºS 46.696ºW \ 50m 20-25.xi.2014 \ Luminosa \ Entomologia UFPR ” ( DZUP); Espírito Santo: 2 ♂, “ Brasil, ES, Domingos Martins ,\ Cultivo soja, 20°22’17,3”S \ 41°03’47,7”W, 950 m,\ 30.XI.2016, J. S. Zanuncio \ Junior leg.” ( DZUP); Maranhão: 1 ♀, “ Brasil, MA, Caxias,\ Povoado do Ouro Light\ trap 01.ii.2014 Grossi &\ Pinto Jr. Legs. ” “ DZRJ-AUCH \ 0230”( DZRJ); Minas Gerais: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, “Serra do Caraça\ MG Brasil \ 27.XI a 5.XII.1972 \ Exp. Mus. Zool.” ( MZSP); Rio de Janeiro: 1 ♂, “ Brasil, Rio de Janeiro, P.N. de\ Itatiaia, Quiosque do poço\ azul, 22°27’07”S,\ 44°36’45”W, 17-18.xi.2012,\ D.M.Takiya & A.P.M.Santos ” “DNA voucher\ Entomologia, DZRJ \ ENT 1292 ” “ DZRJ-AUCH \ 0229”( DZRJ); 1 ♂, “ Brasil, RJ, Nova Friburgo\ Sans Sousi\ 20.XII.2008 - 15.I.2009 \ P. Grossi leg. Luz ” “ DZRJ-AUCH \ 0231”( DZRJ); Rio Grande do Sul: 1 ♂, “ Brasil, RS, Passo Fundo,\ M. Atlântica, 28º13’50.7”S \ 52º24’17,04”W, 671 m,\ 24.III.2017, P. R. V. \ da Silva Pereira leg.” ( DZUP).

Notes. Proxima nigromaculata sp. nov. differs from other species of the genus by its forewing ( Fig. 16 ) with a pair of dark maculae at apical third, male pygofer ( Fig. 19 ) with apex folded inwardly, and aedeagus ( Fig. 24 ) with atrial processes poorly sclerotized and distinctly shorter than shaft.

Figures

FIGURES 13–25. Proxima nigromaculata sp. nov., male holotype. 13, head and thorax, dorsal view. 14, head and thorax, lateral view. 15, head, ventral view. 16, forewing. 17–25, male terminalia: 17, sternite VIII, ventral view. 18, valve, ventral view. 19, pygofer, valve and subgenital plate, lateral view. 20, pygofer, apical portion. 21, subgenital plate, ventral view. 22, style and connective, dorsal view. 23, style, lateral view. 24, aedeagus, lateral view. 25, aedeagus, posterior view. Scale bars in mm.

FIGURES 26–32. Proxima nigromaculata sp. nov., female paratype. 26, undissected terminalia, ventral view. 27, undissected terminalia, lateral view. 28–32, ovipositor: 28, first valvula and first valvifer, lateral view. 29, first valvula, detail of apical portion. 30, second valvulae, lateral view. 31, second valvulae, detail of apical portion. 32, second valvifer and gonoplac, lateral view. Scale bars in mm.

FIGURES 52–57. Dorsal and lateral habitus, respectively. 52–53, Proxima ocellata, male. 54–55, Proxima nigromaculata sp. nov., male holotype. 56–57, Proxima meloi sp. nov., male holotype.