Simplexollata anticollata, Harzhauser & Landau, 2023

Harzhauser, Mathias & Landau, Bernard, 2023, The Architectonicidae and Mathildidae (Gastropoda, Heterobranchia) of the Miocene Paratethys Sea-victims of the Miocene Climatic Transition, Zootaxa 5370 (1), pp. 1-74 : 14-17

Simplexollata anticollata nov. sp.

Figs 4B , 7A–D

Solar [ium]. carocollatum Lam. — Eichwald 1853: 249 [non Simplexollata carocollata ( Lamarck, 1822) ].

Solarium carocollatum Lam. —Ĥrnes 1856: 462, pl. 46, figs 1–2 [non Simplexollata carocollata ( Lamarck, 1822) ].

Solarium carocollatum Lam. —Neugeboren 1856: 193 [non Simplexollata carocollata ( Lamarck, 1822) ].

Solarium carocollatum — Quenstedt 1884: 322, pl. 197, fig. 16 [non Simplexollata carocollata ( Lamarck, 1822) ].

Solarium (Architectonica) carocollatum Lmk. — Boettger 1902: 114 [non Simplexollata carocollata ( Lamarck, 1822) ].

Solarium carrocollatum [sic] Lam. — Friedberg 1923: 412, pl. 25, fig. 4 [non Simplexollata carocollata ( Lamarck, 1822) ].

Solarium carocollatum Lk. — Strausz 1954: 14, pl. 6, fig. 138 [non Simplexollata carocollata ( Lamarck, 1822) ].

? Solarium semisquamosum bisculactum Sacc. —Strausz 1954: 15, pl. 6, fig. 140 [non d’Orbigny, 1842].

Solarium carocollatum simplex Bronn —Strausz 1954: 15.pl. 6, fig. 139 [non Simplexollata simplex ( Bronn 1831) ].

Architectonica (Architectonica) carocollatum Lamk. — Korobkov 1955: plate captions, pl. 13, fig. 15 [non Simplexollatcarocollata ( Lamarck, 1822) ].

Architectonica (A [rchitectonica] .) carocollata semitypica Sacco —Sieber 1958: 139 [non Simplexollata carocollata ( Lamarck, 1822) ].

Architectonica (Architectonica) carocollatum ( Lamarck 1822) —Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960: 92, pl. 29, fig. 15 [non Simplexollata carocollata ( Lamarck, 1822) ].

Architectonica (Architectonica) simplex Bronn — Marinescu 1961: 531, pl. 5, fig. 19 [non Simplexollata simplex ( Bronn, 1831) ].

Solarium carocollatum palatinum nov. var. —Strausz 1962: 124, pl. 52, figs 8–10.

Solarium carocollatum Lamarck, 1822 —Strausz 1966: 115, pl. 52, fig. 7 [non Simplexollata carocollata ( Lamarck, 1822) ].

? Solarium semisquamosum bisculactum Sacco, 1892 —Strausz 1966: 117, pl. 51, fig. 14, pl. 52, fig. 2 [non d’Orbigny, 1842].

Solarium carocollatum palatinum nov. var. —Strausz 1966: 115, pl. 52, figs 8–10.

Architectonica (Architectonica) carocollata ( Lamarck, 1822) — Bałuk 1975: 115, pl. 13, figs 3–5 [non Simplexollata carocollata ( Lamarck, 1822) ].

Architectonica (Architectonica) carocollata semitypica Sacco —Schultz 1998: 58, pl. 22, figs 5a–b [non Simplexollata carocollata ( Lamarck, 1822) ].

gratteloupi (Solarium) d’Orbigny, 1852 — Bieler & Petit 2005: 40.

palatinum (Solarium) Strausz, 1962 — Bieler & Petit 2005: 54.

non Solarium carocollatum Lamarck 1822 — Ĥlzl 1958: 187, pl. 18, figs 3–3a [non Simplexollata carocollata ( Lamarck, 1822) ].

non Architectonica carocollata (Lam.) juv. an n. sp.— Báldi 1966: 60, pl. 1, figs 8a–b [non Simplexollata carocollata ( Lamarck, 1822)].

non Architectonica carocollata ( Lamarck, 1822) — Báldi 1973: 256, pl. 27, figs 7–8 [= Solatisonax ].

non Architectonica carocollata Lamarck — Báldi & Steininger 1975: 344, pl. 3, fig. 7 [non Simplexollata carocollata ( Lamarck, 1822) ].

non Architectonica (Architectonica) carocollatum (Lam., 1822) —Steininger et al. 1971: 375, pl. 2, figs 8–11 [non Simplexollata carocollata ( Lamarck, 1822) ].

non Architectonica (A.) carocollata semitypica Sacco —Ĥlzl 1973: 191 [non Simplexollata carocollata ( Lamarck, 1822) ].

Type material. Holotype: NHMW 2016 /0177/0334, SL: 20.9 mm, MD: 35.5 mm, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania), Figs 7A 1 –A 3 . Paratypes: NHMW 1855 /0045/0780, SL: 17.3 mm, MD: 34.1 mm, Grund ( Austria), illustrated in Ĥrnes (1856: pl. 46, fig. 1), Figs 7B 1 –B 3 . NHMW 2010 /0004/0455a, SL: 15.7 mm, MD: 31.2 mm, Bad Vöslau ( Austria), Figs 7C 1 –C 3 . NHMW 1852 /0012/0031a, SL: 18.6 mm, MD: 34.3 mm, Grund ( Austria), Figs 7D 1 –D 3 . NHMW 1854 /0035/0331, SL: 14.6 mm, MD: 27.6 mm, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania), Fig. 4B .

Additional material. NHMW 1846 /0037/0424a, SL: 11.1 mm, MD: 27.1 mm, Baden ( Austria), Middle Miocene, Badenian, illustrated in Ĥrnes (1856: pl. 46, figs 2a–c). 3 spec. , NHMW 1852 /0012/0031, Grund ( Austria); 1 spec. , NHMW 2016 /0177/0336, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania); 5 spec. , NHMW 2016 /0177/0335, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania); 4 spec. , NHMW 1854 /0035/0331, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania); 8 spec. , NHMW 2018 /0248/0092, Coşteiu de Sus ( Romania); 1 spec. , NHMW 2013 /0078/0108, Baden ( Austria); 4 spec. , NHMW 2013 /0078/ 0106, Baden ( Austria); 18 spec. , NHMW 2013 /0078/0107, Baden ( Austria); 13 spec. , NHMW 1846 /0037/0426, Baden ( Austria); 1 spec. , NHMW 2012 /0213/0034, Pfaffstätten ( Austria); 6 spec. , NHMW 1851 /0002/0068, Grund ( Austria); 4 spec. NHMW 1863 /0015/1001, Hrušovany nad Jevišovkou ( Czech Republic). M.16., Mining and Geological Survey of Hungary, Várpalota (Hungary), holotype of Solarium carocollatum palatinum Strausz, 1966 .

Type locality. Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) .

Type stratum. Silt and clay of the Dej Formation.

Age. Middle Miocene, early/middle Badenian (Langhian).

Etymology. Composed of anti - (Greek for ‘against’) and - collata referring to the species name carocollata .

Diagnosis. Large, solid, relatively high broadly conical shell with angled periphery and weakly concave base. Beads on spiral cords restricted to early teleoconch whorls. Later whorls with few, flat spiral cords on spire whorls, sculpture often strongly reduced. Base almost smooth except for two characteristic prominent peripheral cords (LPC and IPC), and deep groove delimiting UC. Umbilicus narrowly funnel-shaped.

Description. Shell large, solid, relatively high broadly conical, periphery angled, profile weakly convex above and below periphery. Protoconch heterostrophic, medium-sized of 0.5 visible whorls (diameter 1.2 mm). First teleoconch whorl with weak SSC and two prominent close-set peripheral cords. Mid-whorls: SSC, upper and lower MCs and UPC beaded by prosocline axial growth lines on early teleoconch whorls. Abapically, cords smoothen, flatten and broaden, separated by moderately deep, narrow grooves. LPC slightly narrower on spire whorls, forming angled periphery, convex, not very prominent, also serving as upper point of whorl attachment. IPC very prominent, convex, delimited by two deep grooves. Basal field smooth, except for some irregular shallow spiral grooves present in some specimens and weak axial folds strengthening towards umbilicus. PUC not developed. UC broad, blunt, separated from basal field by deep groove, UC overhanging umbilicus. Umbilicus narrowly funnel-shaped, almost subcylindrical, moderately wide (~20–27% of MD). Umbilical wall bearing distinct opisthocyrt growth lines. Aperture subtrigonal relatively small, angled at LPC. CG deep, relatively broad. PG distinct, narrow.

Discussion. This species was described by Strausz (1962) as Solarium carocollatum palatinum nov. var., explicitly establishing it as a variety. ICZN Article 15.2. states, that “ a new name published after 1960 expressly as the name of a “variety” or “form” is deemed to be infrasubspecific and as such is not regulated by the Code ”. Therefore, Solarium carocollatum palatinum is not available and we propose Simplexollata anticollata as name for this large and characteristic species.

Simplexollata anticollata has been identified as ‘ Architectonica ’ carocollata ( Lamarck, 1822) by all ‘Paratethyan’ authors since Eichwald (1853). Only, Cossmann & Peyrot (1919: 456) doubted that the specimens from the Vienna Basin were conspecific with their Solarium carocollatum from the Early Miocene of France due to the higher conical outline and the more regularly shaped spiral cords of the Paratethyan specimens. Indeed, specimens of Simplexollata carocollata from the Burdigalian of Léognan and Saucats ( France) differ distinctly in their smaller size, the prominent sculpture of beads on the spire whorls, the low conical outline, and the stronger axial folds on the basal field ( Figs 4C , 8A–C ). In addition, S. carocollata tends to form occasionally a weak third spiral cord next to the IPC. Simplexollata anticollata is much closer to the Middle Miocene S. gratteloupi (d’Orbigny, 1852) which was introduced by d’Orbigny (1852) as new name for Langhian specimens from Saubrigues ( France). These were misidentified previously by Grateloup (1846) as the Pliocene Mediterranean Discotectonica pseudoperspectiva ( Brocchi, 1814) . Cossmann & Peyrot (1919) illustrated an additional specimen of S. gratteloupi from the Late Burdigalian of Saint-Jean-de-Marsacq ( France), which is re-illustrated herein ( Figs 8D 1 –D 3 ). This species agrees with S. anticollata in size and sculpture but is distinguished by its wide funnel-shaped umbilicus. Simplexollata semitypica (Sacco, 1892) , from the Burdigalian of the Colli Torinesi (Sacco 1892: pl. 1, fig. 35), differs also in its wide umbilicus and might be conspecific with S. gratteloupi .

Late Oligocene specimens from Hungary, identified as Architectonica carocollata by Báldi (1973) and Báldi & Steininger (1975) have two prominently beaded peripheral spiral cords and differ from S. gratteloupi , S. anticollata and S. carocollata in their convex base and the absence of the peripheral spiral cords on the base. These specimens should be excluded from Simplexollata and represent a yet undescribed Solatisonax species. The specimen from the Eggenburgian of Lipovany ( Slovakia), illustrated by Steininger et al. (1971) is an internal mold and identification is problematic. The specimens from the Egerian and the Eggenburgian/Ottnangian of Bavaria, mentioned by Ĥlzl (1958, 1973) are poorly preserved and identifications doubtful. Similarly, all occurrences of ‘ Architectonica carocollata’ from the Early Miocene of the Proto-Mediterraean Sea will need revision (e.g., Fermeli 1997; Pashko 2018).

Paleoenvironment. Shallow marine, inner neritic and middle to outer neritic.

Distribution. This species is known from the Middle Miocene of the Central Paratethys Sea, where it seems to be restricted to the Langhian equivalent of the Badenian. A specimen from the Ottnangian of the Mátra Mountains in Hungary, described by F̂zy & Leél-Össy (1985: 121, pl. 3, figs 1–2) as Solarium sp. might be related to this species but no information on umbilical features is available.

Central Paratethys Sea. Badenian (Middle Miocene): Korytnica Basin: Korytnica ( Poland) ( Bałuk 1975); Alpine-Carpathian Foreland Basin: Grund ( Austria), Hrušovany nad Jevišovkou, Želovice ( Czech Republic) (Hörnes 1856; Quenstedt 1884); Vienna Basin: Baden, Bad Vöslau, Pfaffstätten ( Austria) (Hörnes 1856; hoc opus); Eisenstadt-Sopron Basin: Forchtenau ( Austria) (Ĥrnes 1856); Pannonian Basin: Szob, Szokolya, Várpalota ( Hungary) ( Báldi 1966; Strausz 1960, 1966); Făget Basin: Coşteiu de Sus, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) ( Boettger 1902); Bahna-Orşova Basin: Racovăţ, Iloviţa ( Romania) ( Marinescu 1961); Dacian Basin: Opanec ( Bulgaria) (Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Descriptive terms used in descriptions of Architectonicidae (modified from Bieler 1993).

FIGURE 3. Descriptive terms used in descriptions of Mathildidae.

FIGURE 4 Protoconchs of Paratethyan Architectonicidae. A. Ammotectonica gregorovae nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 1862/0029/0078c. B. Simplexollata anticollata nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 1854/0035/0331, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). C. Simplexollata carocollata (Lamarck, 1822), NHMW 1850/0018/0115, Léognan (France), Burdigalian. D. Simplexollata simplex (Bronn, 1831), NHMW 2013/0078/0109, Baden (Austria).E. Nipteraxis deformatusnov. sp., paratype, NHMW 2010/0004/0456a, Bad Vöslau (Austria). F. Nipteraxis exmoniliferus (Sacco, 1892), NHMW 1907/0323/1959, M̂llersdorf (Austria). G. Solatectonica kostejana (Boettger, 1907), NHMW 2012/0229/0049b, Traiskirchen (Austria). H. Nipteraxis monilifer (Bronn, 1831), NHMW 1846/0037/0427, M̂llersdorf (Austria). I. Solatisonax tavianii nov. sp., NHMW2016/0266/0002, SL: 8.0 mm, MD: 15.0 mm, Lăpugiu des Sus (Romania). J. Solatisonax transversa nov. sp., holotype, NHMW 2016/0177/0341, Lăpugiu de Sus (Roma- nia). K. Granosolarium semilaevis (Sacco, 1892), NHMW 1846/0037/0428d, M̂llersdorf (Austria). L. Heliacus globosus nov. sp., holotype NHMW 1907/0328/1959a, M̂llersdorf (Austria). M. Heliacus miser (Dujardin, 1837), NHMW 2023/0267/0001, Steinebrunn (Austria). N. Pseudotorinia grasemanni nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 2023/0267/0010, Steinebrunn (Austria). O. Pseudotorinia marthae (Boettger, 1902), NHMW 2012/0229/0049, Traiskirchen (Austria). All figures same scale.

FIGURE 7 A1–A3. Simplexollata anticollata nov. sp., holotype, NHMW 2016/0177/0334, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). B1–B3. Simplexollata anticollata nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 1855/0045/0780, Grund (Austria). C1–C3. Simplexollata anticollata nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 2010/0004/0455a, Bad Vöslau (Austria). D1–D3. Simplexollata anticollata nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 1852/0012/0031a, Grund (Austria).

FIGURE 8 A1–A3. Simplexollata carocollata (Lamarck, 1822), NHMW 1856/0035/0358a, Saucats (France), Burdigalian. B1– B3. Simplexollata carocollata (Lamarck, 1822), NHMW 1856/0035/0358b, Saucats (France), Burdigalian. C1–C3. Simplexollata carocollata (Lamarck, 1822), NHMW 1850/0018/0115, Léognan (France), Burdigalian. D1–D3. Simplexollata gratteloupi (d’Orbigny, 1852), MNHN.F.J05823, Saint-Jean-de-Marsacq (France), Late Burdigalian.