Maladera orientalis ( Motschulsky, 1858 )

Fabrizi, Silvia, Liu, Wan-Gang, Bai, Ming, Yang, Xing-Ke & Ahrens, Dirk, 2021, A monograph of the genus Maladera Mulsant & Rey, 1871 of China (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Sericini), Zootaxa 4922 (1), pp. 1-400 : 54-56

Maladera orientalis ( Motschulsky, 1858)

Figures 10 E–H, 89

Serica orientalis Motschulsky, 1858: 33 ; Brenske 1897: 429; Niijima & Kinoshita 1923: 21; Murayama 1938: 10, 1954: 48.

Maladera orientalis: Reitter 1896: 187 ; Nakane & Baba 1960: 5; Nomura 1963: 124, 1969: 79; Kim & Lee 1997: 124; Kim & Kim 2003: 88.

Amaladera cavifrons Reitter, 1896: 188 ; Dalla Torre 1912: 19; Serica cavifrons: Brenske 1897: 391 (syn by Ahrens 2006b: 22).

Amaladera diffinis Reitter, 1896: 188 ; Dalla Torre 1912: 19; syn by Nikolaev 1977: 269.

Serica famelica Brenske, 1897: 391 ; Niijima & Kinoshita 1923: 24.

Serica pekingensis Brenske, 1897: 366 .

Serica salebrosa Brenske, 1897: 428 , syn. n.

Autoserica davidis Brenske, 1898: 213 , syn. n.

Serica mirabilis Brenske, 1894: 9 , 41; Autoserica mirabilis: Brenske, 1897: 40 ; Maladera mirabilis: Ahrens 2007b: 24 , syn. n.

Type material examined. Lectotype ( orientalis , here designated): ♂ “ SYNTYPUS ♂ Serica orientalis Motschulsky, 1858 A.A. Gusakov des. 2013/ Zoomuzeij MGU (Moskva, ROSSIA) N° ZMMU Col 03052 Zool. Mus. Mosq. Univ. (Mosquae, ROSSIA) ex coll. V. I. Motschulsky” ( ZMMU). Paralectotypes ( orientalis , here designated): 1 ex. (not sexable) “ SYNTYPUS Serica orientalis Motschulsky, 1858 A.A. Gusakov des. 2013/ Zoomuzeij MGU (Moskva, ROSSIA) N° ZMMU Col 03051 Zool. Mus. Mosq. Univ. (Mosquae, ROSSIA) ex coll. V. I. Motschulsky” ( ZMMU), 1 ex. (not sexable) “ Serica orientalis Motsch. Japonia / SYNTYPUS Serica orientalis Motschulsky, 1858 A.A. Gusakov des. 2013/ Zoomuzeij MGU (Moskva, ROSSIA) N° ZMMU Col 03050 Zool. Mus. Mosq. Univ. (Mosquae, ROSSIA) ex coll. V. I. Motschulsky” ( ZMMU). Holotype ( diffinis ): ♂ “Shan-Si 1884 G. Patanin/ Coll. Reitter/ Holotypus 1896 Amaladera (Omaladera) diffinis Reitter ” ( HNHM). Syntypes ( pekingensis ): 2 ♀♀ “ Peking 1879 D. Kraatz/ Typus/ pekingensis Brsk. / pekingensis Type Brsk.” ( MSNG), 1 ♂ “ Peking 1879 D. Kraatz/ 198. Brsk.” ( MSNG). Syntypes ( famelica ): 1 ♂ “ China Chang Yang/ Serica famelica type Brsk./ Coll. Brenske/ Typus/ Maladera orientalis (Motsch.) Nikolaev det.” ( ZMHB), 1 ♂ “ Shang-hai / Brenske vidit/ Serica famelica m” ( MNHN), 1 ♀ “ China Donck. v./ Serica famelica Brsk. / Coll. Brenske/ Typus” ( ZMHB), 1 ♀ “ China Tche-fou/ famelica Type Brsk./ Coll. Brenske/ Typus” ( ZMHB), 1 ♂ “Nord China Chefoo/ tschefuana Type Brsk./ Typus/ Maladera orientalis (Motsch.) Nikolaev det.” ( ZMHB). Lectotype ( salebrosa , here des.): ♂ “ Japan. (Heyne)/ salebrosa Type. Brsk./ Coll. Brenske” ( ZMHB). Paralectotypes ( salebrosa , here des.): 2 ♂♂ “ Japan. (Heyne)/ salebrosa Type. Brsk./ Coll. Brenske” ( ZMHB), 3 ♀ “Hakane Schönfeldt/ salebrosa type Brsk./ Coll. Brenske” ( ZMHB). Syntype ( davidis ): 1 ♀ “Mou-Pin Thib. or. David/ davidis type. Brsk./ Davidis Brs” ( ZMHB). Holotype ( mirabilis ): ♀ “Coll. R. I. Sc. N. B. Chine / Schang-hai/ 8968/ Coll. J. Thomson/ S. mirabilis type. Brsk./ Type” ( ISNB).

Additional material examined. Japan: 1 ♂ “Near Tokyo Japan/ Serica orientalis Motsch. ” ( NMPC), 1 ♂ “Peking Westberge Exp. Stötzner” ( NMPC), 1 ♂ “Japan/ coll. Kraatz/ Serica salebrosa Brsk. J. Moser det.” ( DEIC), 1 ♂ “Kuzukawa, Aomori Pref. Honshu, Japan 1.5.1951 leg. K. Shimoyama” ( DEIC), 2 ♂♂ “Kuzukawa, Aomori Pref. Honshu, Japan 25.6.56 leg. K. Shimoyama” ( DEIC), 1 ♂ “Kuzukawa, Aomori Pref. Honshu, Japan 30.5.56 leg. K. Shimoyama” ( DEIC), 1 ♂ “Kuzukawa, Aomori Pref. Honshu, Japan 30.5.1945 leg. K. Shimoyama” ( DEIC), 1 ♂ “Kuzukawa, Aomori Pref. Honshu, Japan 31.5.49 leg. K. Shimoyama” ( DEIC), 4 ♂♂ “Kuzukawa, Aomori Pref. Honshu, Japan 1.6.1951 leg. K. Shimoyama” ( DEIC), 2 ♂♂ “Kuzukawa, Aomori Pref. Honshu, Japan 3.6.1955 leg. K. Shimoyama” ( DEIC). 1 ♂ “Kuzukawa, Aomori Pref. Honshu, Japan 16.6.1951 leg. K. Shimoyama” ( DEIC), 1 ♂ “Kuzukawa, Aomori Pref. Honshu, Japan 20.6.56 leg. K. Shimoyama” ( DEIC). Russia: 1 ♀ “Sutschan Ussuri/ Collectio Coleopterorum Johan Albert Hultgren” ( MZLU), 1 ♂ “SU, Far East (Primor’e) 80km E Vladivostok Tigroviy vill. env. 05.07.1989, Lg. A. Napolov” ( CNA). China: 1 ♂ “ Peking / ex. Irig. Samlg. J. Breit Wien” ( CF), 1 ♂ “Shohchow 34 Shansi China” ( CF), 38 ex. “ Tientsin. May 1905 F.M. Thomson 1907-272.” ( BMNH), 1 ex. “ Peking China/ Collectio Coleopterorum Johan Albert Hultgren” ( MZLU), 1 ex. “China Peking V.19 Schoede S.G.” ( ZMHB), 26 ex. “China: Hubei; Dahongshan 1700 m, Shuizhou VI-2003 leg. Ying et al. ” ( ZFMK), 7 ex. “China, Bejing Shi, 27.IV. Songshan 40.55N 115.85E Jaroslav Turna leg., 2005” ( ZFMK), 1 ex. (♂) “Tokio P. Savolainen/ 25.4.54/ japonica” ( MZHF), 1 ex. (♂) “Taiynanfu/ Serica spec.” ( ZSM), 4 ex. “Shansi N. China” ( ZSM), 1 ex. “China: S-Shaanxi (Qinling Shan) river bank at rd. Zhouzhi-Foping. 95 km WSW Xi’an, 1000 m, 33°53’N 108°01’E leg. M. Sch̹lke [C01-04]” ( CA-MSNG), 1 ex. “China-N. Sechuan Shangliang 24- 29.5.2002 lgt. E. Kucera” ( CP), 1 ex. “China, 1000-1300m, Shaanxi, Qinling mts., Xunyangba (6km E) 23.v.-13.vi.1998 I.H. Marshal leg.” ( CP), 1 ex. “C-China, Shaanxi prov., Qinling Shan 500m, Lianghekou, 18-19.vi.2000 leg. C. Holzschuh” ( CP), 10 ex. “China: E Hebei 17.VI.2001 Qinglong env. 40,4°N 118,9°E O. Safranek lgt.” ( CP), 11 ex. “China, E Hebei, 17.VI. 40.4N 118.9E 2001 Qinglong S env. Jaroslav Turna leg.” ( CP), 1 ex. (♀)”C-China, Shaanxi prov., 110km E of Xi’an, 500m Huashan env. 23-24.VI.2000 leg. C. Holzschuh” ( CP), 2 ex. (♂) “Kiautschou China” ( ZMHB), 2 ex. (♂) “Inn Shan Mongol.” ( ZMHB), 1 ex. “Mongolei Inn Shan” ( ZMHB), 1 ex. (♂) “Thibet Kuku-Nor 3200m F. Hauser 1898.” ( ZMHB), 1 ex “China Tche-fou” ( ZMHB), 1 ♂ “China n. IV-VII.1992 Mongol Ziziqu pr. Baotou env./ ex coll. Milan Nikodym, Praha” ( ZFMK), 1 ♂ “China bor.occ. 9.5. Shanxi reg. 1990 Shen Tou env. Z. Dolezal lgt.” ( ZFMK), 32 ex. “China: Inner Mongolia Mt. Daquangdingzishan (2061m) Chifeng 2-12.vii.2009 local coll. Ankauf via Li Jingke 2010” ( ZFMK), 10 ex. “China, 28 May 2000 Badaling env., 60km NW Bejing Zd. Jindra lgt.” ( ZFMK), 1 ex. “China, 4 June 2000 Yunmeng Shan Forest Park 30 km N of Huairou (80 km N of Bejing) Zd. Jindra lgt.” ( ZFMK), 6 ex. “China, 3 June 2000 Fengning env. 1200M NW slope of Yunwu Shan Zd. Jindra lgt.” ( ZFMK), 2 ex. “Chekiang China/ OL Cartwright Collection 1959” ( USNM), 1 ex. “Chin-ling Mts. Shensi, E.B. Apr.-May, 1904” ( USNM), 1 ex. “China” ( USNM), 2 ex. “ Peking China Summer ‘13/ F.N. Meyer collector” ( USNM), 3 ex. “ Peking Chili, China/ A.P. Jacot May 24 1921 ” ( USNM), 1 ♂ “Longmenhe, Xingshan, Hubei, 8.VI.1995, 1200m, leg. Wang Shuyong” ( IZAS), 2 ♂♂ “Chine A. Davis” (Mus. Paris), 1 ♂ “Museum Paris Nord Pekin A. Davis 1865/ Jehol” ( MNHN), 1 ♂ “Museum Paris 1906 Coll. Leon Fairmaire/ Serica orientalis Mot. Pekin ” ( MNHN), 1 ♀ “Museum Paris 1906 Coll. Leon Fairmaire/ Type / Serica orientalis Mot. Pekin ” ( MNHN), 1 ♀ “ Type / Museum Paris 1906 Coll. Leon Fairmaire/ Serica diffinis Frm. Pekin ” ( MNHN), 4 ♂♂ “China Yunnang” ( ZMHB), 3 ♂♂ “Mongol. Or-Chan-heou” ( ZMHB), 3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ “Kansou or. K’ing-iang-fou” ( ZMHB), 1 ♂ “Shi-wan-tsze Hiu-mou kiangkeou” ( ZMHB), 3 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀ “Kiautschougebiet Tsingtau Hass S.G.” ( ZMHB), 1 ♂ “ Yunnan 2000-3000m 27.20N 100.11E Habashan mts. SE slope 10-13/7. Vit Kuban leg. 92” ( CP), 2 ex. “China—Shaanxi Lueang env. 15Km NW 26.5.- 31.5.2001 leg. E. Kucera” ( CP), 1 ex. “China, N-Sichuan 30km W Nanping 11., 16.VI.1992 Jiuzhaigou, 2100m, Jaroslav Turna leg.” ( CP), 46 ex. “China, Beijing Shi, 28.V. 60Km NE Beijing 2000 Badaling 40.3N 116.0E Jaroslav Turna leg.” ( CP), 1 ex. “China, Yunnan; Haba Mts., Bailakou pass; h= 3300m, 9.vii.2002 leg. S. Murzin & I. Shokin” ( CP), 1 ex. “China Yunnan Liujang, 8-24.VI.1994 leg. B. Siska & T. Spevar” ( CP), 1 ♂, 6 ♀♀ “ Hunan SC. China Luki: Pushih 5.IV.1939 T.C. Maa” ( BMH), 1 ♂ “Kiagsi, China Shangjao 27.IV.1939 T.C. Maa” ( BMH), 1 ♀ “China, Beijing Olympic Forest Park, 40.0131N, 116.3914E J. Prena 7.V.2013 ” ( ZFMK), 1 ♂ “Ta-tsien-Lou Chasseurs Thibetains 1896” ( MNHN). S. Korea: 1 ♂ “Korea Gonsan” ( ZMHB), 1 ex. (♂) “Korea” ( ZMHB). N. Korea: 1 ♂ “N. Korea 18.7.1990 Ondouri 20 km W of Pu-Tshou lgt. S. Murzin” ( ZFMK).

Redescription. Length: 7.6 mm, length of elytra: 5.4 mm, width: 4.7 mm. Body oval, dark brown, dull, antenna yellow, labroclypeus moderately shiny, glabrous except for a few short setae on head and lateral margins of pronotum and elytra.

Labroclypeus trapezoidal, distinctly wider than long, widest at base, lateral margins weakly convex and strongly convergent to moderately rounded anterior angles, lateral margin and ocular canthus producing an indistinct angle; margins weakly reflexed; anterior margin moderately emarginate medially; surface moderately convex medially, shiny, coarsely and densely punctate, partly rugose, with numerous erect setae; frontoclypeal suture feebly incised and weakly bent medially; smooth area anterior to eye twice as wide as long; ocular canthus short and wide (1/4 of ocular diameter), finely scarcely punctate, with one to four setae. Frons dull, with fine, dense punctures, with a few short setae beside eyes, behind frontoclypeal suture and along a transverse line on posterior part. Eyes small, ratio of diameter/ interocular width: 0.4. Antenna with ten antennomeres; club with three antennomeres, 0.9 times as long as remaining antennomeres combined. Mentum elevated and flattened anteriorly.

Pronotum trapezoidal, widest at base, lateral margins weakly evenly convex and narrowed towards strongly produced and sharp anterior angles; posterior angles blunt; anterior margin nearly straight, with complete and fine marginal line; basal margin without marginal line; surface finely and densely punctate, punctures with microscopic setae only; anterior and lateral margins sparsely setose; hypomeron carinate but not produced ventrally. Scutellum wide, triangular, with fine and dense punctures.

Elytra oblong, widest in posterior third, striae weakly impressed, finely and sparsely punctate, intervals weakly convex, with fine, sparse and evenly distributed punctures; odd intervals with a few single adjacent short setae, otherwise punctures with minute setae only; epipleural margin robust, ending at widely rounded external apical angle of elytra, epipleura sparsely setose; apical border membraneous, with a rim of short microtrichomes.

Ventral surface dull, metasternum and metacoxa with large and dense punctures, sparsely setose; metacoxa glabrous except for numerous long setae laterally; abdominal sternites finely and densely punctate, some punctures with very short or minute setae, each sternite with a distinct transverse row of coarse punctures each bearing a short seta, penultimate sternite apically with a wide shiny smooth chitinous border of half sternite length. Mesosternum between mesocoxae as wide as mesofemur. Ratio of length of metepisternum/metacoxa: 1/1.56. Pygidium moderately convex, dull, finely and moderately densely punctate, glabrous except a few longer and shorter setae apically.

Legs moderately wide; femora finely and moderately densely punctate, with two longitudinal rows of setae. Metafemur wide, moderately shiny, anterior margin acute, without adjacent, continuously serrated line, surface sparsely and superficially punctate, anterior row of setae complete; posterior ventral margin moderately widened in apical half and not serrate apically, posterior margin dorsally not serrated, glabrous. Metatibia moderately wide and short, widest at middle, ratio width/length: 1/3.1, dorsal margin sharply carinate, with two groups of spines, basal one shortly before middle, apical one at three quarters of metatibial length, beside dorsal margin basally with a few single fine setae; lateral face weakly longitudinally convex, finely sparsely punctate, along middle impunctate; ventral margin finely serrate, with three strong spines of which the distal one is more distant; medial face impunctate, apex shallowly concave interiorly near tarsal articulation. Tarsomeres impunctate dorsally, with sparse, short setae ventrally; metatarsomeres glabrous ventrally and with a strongly serrated longitudinal ridge as well as a strong, smooth carina beside it, first metatarsomere distinctly shorter than following two tarsomeres combined and little shorter than dorsal tibial spur. Protibia short, bidentate. All claws symmetrical, feebly curved and long, with normally developed basal tooth.

Aedeagus: Fig. 10 E–G. Habitus: Fig. 10H .

Remarks. Unfortunately, the paralectotypes of Serica orientalis are severly damaged, with both head and pronotum lacking, and the abdomen mostly destroyed; consequently, the most intact male specimen possessing an aedeagus was chosen as lectotype. Both Serica mirabilis and Autoserica davidis were described from female specimens and they are virtually identical externally to females of Maladera orientalis . Syntypes of M. diffinis , M. salebrosa , M. famelica and M. pekingensis all fit with in the range of morphological variation of M. orientalis , and are thus confirmed as synonyms.

Distribution. See map ( Fig. 89 ) and Table 1.

Figures

FIGURE 10. A–D: Maladera lignicolor (Fairmaire, 1887) (holotype Autoserica tenebrosa Frey, 1972); E–H: M. orientalis (Motschulsky, 1858) (lectotype); I–L: M. enigma Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n. (holotype). A, E, I: aedeagus, left side lateral view; C, G, K: aedeagus, right side lateral view; B, F, J: parameres, dorsal view; D, H, L: habitus. Scale: 0.5 mm. Habitus not to scale.

FIGURE 89. Distribution of the subgenus Omaladera: Maladera lignicolor (Fairmaire, 1887), M. orientalis (Motschulsky, 1858).