Poophilus Stål, 1866

Mozaffarian, Fariba & Wilson, Michael R., 2015, The aphrophorid spittlebugs of Iran (Hemiptera: Cercopoidea: Aphrophoridae), Zootaxa 4052 (4), pp. 442-456 : 452-454

Genus Poophilus Stål, 1866

Poophilus costalis ( Walker, 1851) ( Figs 1 , 11 a–e, 20)

Ptyelus costalis Walker, 1851: 707 .

Poophilus costalis ( Walker, 1851) : Dlabola (1960):6, figs 17–22; Nast (1972): 160.

Philaenus nebulosus Lethierry, 1876: 80 . New Synonymy

Poophilus nebulosus (Lethierry, 1876) : Nast (1972): 160; Mirzayans et al. (1976): 111; Dlabola (1981): 210; Barkhordari et al. (1981): 8; Modarres Awal (1994): 84; Mirzayans (1995): 20; Abaii (2000): 130: Yaghmaee (2008): 808, figs 3,4.

Ptyelus jayakari Distant, 1916: 187 . [Synonymised by Liang (2001): 445]

Poophilus nebulosus has been listed in a number of publications dealing with the fauna of Iran. Examination of the male genitalia indicated that there are no significant differences between it and the widespread P. costalis . Accordingly P. nebulosus is considered a junior synonym of this species.

Material examined. Ardabil: Firuzabad, viii.2008, leg. Linnavuori, 1♂ ( NMWC). Azarbaiejan-e Gharbi: 37 Km Shahindej, 1324m, 29.viii.2007, leg. Mozaffarian, 1♂ ( HMIM); Marangalu, vii.2004, leg. Linnavuori, 1♂ ( NMWC). Azarbaiejan-e Sharghi: Azarshahr, 1395m, 27.viii.2007, leg. Mozaffarian, 4♂, 3♀ ( HMIM). Busheher: 25 Km E. Taheri, 120m, 22.iv.1977, leg. Pazuki/ Hashemi, 1♀ ( HMIM); Bushedr, 23–24.iv.2007, leg. Linnavuori, 4♂ ( NMWC). Esfahan: 15 km Abyaneh, 1688m, 15.vi.2011, leg. Mozaffarian, 1♀ ( HMIM); 2 km E. Delijan, 1550m, 31.VII.1981, 1♀ ( HMIM); Kabutarabad, 22.vi.1969, L.T, 2♂ ( HMIM); Kavir-e Maranjab, 848m, 19.vi.2011, leg. Mozaffarian, 1 ♂ ( HMIM); Niasar, 24.iv.1970, Abai, 4♂ and 18.vi. 2011, 1351m, leg. Mozaffarian, 1♂ ( HMIM); Salafjegan–Delijan, vi.2003, leg. Linnavuori, 3♂, 1♀ ( NMWC); Sheikh Bahaii Dam, 1955m, 16.vi.2011, leg. Mozaffarian, 1♂, 2♀ ( HMIM). Fars: 10km S. Dehbid, vi.1996, leg. Linnavuori, 6♂ ( NMWC); 15km E. Sarvestan, vi. 2003, leg. Linnavuori, 2♀ ( NMWC); Bajgah, 5.vii.1970, leg. Safavi/ Zairi, 4♂, 3♀ ( HMIM); Dalaki, 100m, 6.v.1985, leg. Mirzayans/ Hashemi, 1♂ ( HMIM); Kamarej– Konartakhteh, 576m, 8.vi.2011, leg. Mozaffarian, 2♀ ( HMIM); Maharlu lake, 1500m 23.iv.1992, leg. Badii/ Mirzayans, 1♂, 2♀, 5– 6.vi.1973, lg. Dlabola, 1♀ and vi.2002, leg. Linnavuori, 1♂ ( HMIM and NMWC); Mehkou, 9.vii.1971, leg. Safavi, 1♂ ( HMIM); nr. Shiraz, vi.2002, leg. Linnavuori, 1♂ ( NMWC); Pol-e-Khan, vi.2002, leg. Linnavuori, 2♂, 2♀ ( NMWC). Ghom: Ghom, 21.vi.1975, 1♂ and 6.v.1975, leg. Farzaneh, 1♂, 1♀ ( HMIM); Ghom lake, 900m, 21.vi.1975, leg. Abaii, 1♀ ( HMIM). Gilan: Parudbar, vii.2003, vi.2005, leg. Linnavuori, 1♂, 1♀ ( NMWC); Sangrud, viii.2002, leg. Linnavuori, 1♀ ( NMWC). Golestan: Farsian, vii.2003, leg. Linnavuori, 1♂ ( NMWC); Sulgerd, 1150m, 2.vii.1996, leg. Nazari/ Ebrahimi, 4♂, 1 ♀ ( HMIM). Hormozgan: v.2002, leg. Linnavuori, 2♂, 1♀ ( NMWC); 10 Km S. Kahurestan, 60 m, 26.IV.1977, leg. Pazuki/ Hashemi, 1♀ ( HMIM); Bagh-e Tang, 410 m, 7– 8.v.1977, leg. Pazuki, 1♂, 2♀ ( HMIM); Bandarabbas, L.T., 26.iii.1950, Moayeri, 0 m, 10.iii.1985, leg. Mirzayans/ Borumand, 24.iv.1977, leg. Mortazaviha and 15.ii.1998, leg. Mofidi/ Atabai, 2♂, 2♀ ( HMIM); Chahkuh, 25.iv.1977, leg. Pazuki/ Hashemi, 3♀ ( HMIM); Chelo, 540m, 20.iv.1992, leg. Mirzayans/ Badii, 1♀ ( HMIM); Farur Island, 25.iv.2001, leg. Ghayourfar, 6♀ and 10m, 1.v.2002, leg. Ebrahimi/ Mofidi/ Gilasian, 1♂, 1♀ ( HMIM); Geno mountain, 320 m, 14.iv.1992, leg. Badii/ Nazari, 1♂ ( HMIM); Hendurabi Island, 7.v.2002, leg. Gilasian/ Mofidi/ Ebrahimi, 2♀ ( HMIM); Issin, 130 m, 28–30.iv.1977, leg. Pazuki/ Hashemi, 4♀, 150m, 26.iv.1986, leg. Mirzayans/ Borumand, 4♂ ( HMIM); Larak Island, 35 m, 28.ii.2002, leg. Hajiesmailian/ Sadeghi/ Mofidi, 3♂ ( HMIM); Lavan Island, 10m, 6.v.2002, leg. Mofidi/ Ebrahimi, 1♂, 1♀ ( HMIM); Minab, 2.iv.1971, leg. Safavi/ Zairi, 1 ♂ ( HMIM); Posht– Bankaran, 800m, 16.iv.1992, leg. Mirzayans/ Badii, 1♂, 1♀ ( HMIM); Roudan, 400m, 4.IV.1973, leg. Abaii, 1♀ ( HMIM); Sirik, 70m, 18–19.iv.1992, leg. Mirzayans/ Badii, 3♀ ( HMIM); Ziarat, 14.v.1977, leg. Safavi/ Pazuki, 1♂, 3♀ ( HMIM). Kerman: 16 km S.W. Jiroft, 820m, 19.v.1977, leg. Safavi/ Pazuki, 3♂, 5♀ ( HMIM); 22 km W. Ghale Gani, 490m, 6.iii.1978, leg. Pazuki, 10 ♂ ( HMIM); 22Km and 43 Km N. Kahnuj, 540m and 580m, 16.v.1977, leg. Safavi/ Pazuki, 1♂, 6♀ ( HMIM); 30.IV.1957, leg. Famuri, 2 ♀ ( HMIM); 40 km Sirjan, 300m, 13.iii.1973, Abaii, 5♂, 7♀ ( HMIM); Aliabad, 9.v.1968, leg. Pazuki/ Hashemi, 1♂ ( HMIM); Bargah, 650 m, 15.v.1977, leg. Safavi/ Hashemi, 1♂, 3♀ ( HMIM); Dehbakri, 9.vi.1971, leg. Hashemi/ Naim, 3♀ ( HMIM); Jiroft, 26.iv.1974, leg. Safavi, 1♂, 1♀, 28.vii.1974, 3♂ ( HMIM); Kharposht, 8.v.1969, leg. Pazuki/ Hashemi, 1♀ ( HMIM); Mohammadabad, 3–4.v.1973, leg. Borumand, 1♀ ( HMIM); Nough, 30.VII.1974, 1♂ and 30.vii.1974, leg. Barkhordari, 12♂, 16♀ ( HMIM); Rafsanjan, 23.vi.1974, 2♀ ( HMIM); Ravar, 20.vi.1974, 2♀ ( HMIM); Sarcheshmeh, 18.vi.1973, Barkhordari, 6♀ ( HMIM); Shahmardi, ii.2001, leg. Linnavuori, 1♀ ( NMWC); Sirjan– Soghan, 8.v.1973, leg. Borumand/ Hashemi, 5♂, 16♀ ( HMIM). Kermanshah: Nasrabad, 450m, 17.viii.1996, leg. Parchami/ Barari/ Nazari, 1♀ ( HMIM). Khorasan-e Jonubi: 13 km N. Birjand, 1960m, 6.vi.1977, lg. Safavi/ Pazuki/ Abaii, 33♂, 22♀ ( HMIM); Birjand–Nehbandan, 1270m, 5.vi.1977, Pazuki/ Abaii, 3♀ ( HMIM); Dehshor, vi.1994, leg. Linnavuori, 15♂ ( NMWC); Tabas, 580m, 17.v.1995 and 21.v.1996, leg. Badii/ Sarafrazi/ Linnavuori, 3♂, 5♀ ( HMIM). Khorasan-e Razavi: leg. Yaghmaii, 1♂, 2♀ ( HMIM); Gonabad, 17.v.1996, leg. Asdarzadeh, 1♂ ( HMIM); Haresabad, 940 m, 15.vi.1977, leg. Pazuki/ Abaii, 4♂, 3♀ ( HMIM); Kashmar–Kariz Rd, 1250m, 6–7.vi.2009, leg. Mofidi, 1♂ ( HMIM); Mashad, 3.vii.1974, leg. Shahrokhi, 1♂ ( HMIM); Soghand, 1630m, 13–14.vi.1977, leg. Pauki/ Abaii, 1♂, 1♀ ( HMIM); Sabzevar, 7.vii.1996, leg. Askarzadeh, 1♀ ( HMIM). Khorasan-e Shomali: Esfarayen, 22.v.2007, 1♂, 2♀ ( HMIM). Khuzestan: Albaji, 25 m, 10.v.1994, leg. Sarafrazi/ Hashemi, 2♂, 5♀ ( HMIM); Hamib, 33. iv.1976, leg. Pazuki/ Abaii, 1♀ ( HMIM); Mollasani, 20m, 16.v.1975, leg. Borumand/ Pazuki, 2♂, 3♀ ( HMIM); nr Ahvaz, Karun river, vi.2006, leg. Linnavuori, 1♀ ( NMWC). Markazi: Dizijan, 1550m, 29.vii.1997, leg. Barari/ Mofidi, 1♂, 1♀ ( HMIM). Semnan: Ruyan, vii.2003 and vi.2004, leg. Linnavuori, 2♂ 4♀ ( NMWC). Sistan va Baluchestan: Bampor, 5.v.1950, Sarkissian, 1♂ ( HMIM); Daman, 24.iv.1969, lg. Hash/ Pazuki, 1♀ ( HMIM); Konarak, 1.v.1968, leg. Pazuki/ Hashemi, 1♀ ( HMIM); Sarbaz– Rask, 1–2.iv.1973, leg. Borumand/ Safavi, 6♂, 2♀ ( HMIM); Sarbaz, 25.iv.1949, leg. Mirzayans/ Salavatian, 1♀ ( HMIM); Zabol, 18.vi.1988, leg. Abaii, 1♂ ( HMIM). Yazd: Ardestan, 1550m, 30.vi.1981, leg. Hashemi, 2♂, 7♀ ( HMIM).

Distribution and habitat. Poophilus costalis is considered to be a generalist and feeds from 37 plant species in Africa and Asia ( Shih et al. 2005). The collecting data of our examined material shows the activity of this species from the elevation of 0 m to 1960m. In the literature, the present of the species have been recorded on halophilic plants, in dried rice fields, steppes with zygophyllaceous plants and on Tamarix and Alhagi as well ( Dlabola 1981; Barkhordari et al. 1981; Yaghmaee 2008). It has been mentioned as a pest on sorghum in Niger ( Ajayi & Oboite 1999; Akinkunmi et al. 2012) and Abaii (2000) recorded the species as a mild pest on Tamarix in Iran. Poophilus costalis (Walker) is the most widely distributed species, being found in almost all African countries and also extending across Asia (nearly all parts of Iran in fig. 20) to China, and Korea.

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 10. Dorsal view of Aphrophoridae species of Iran: 1. Poophilus costalis. 2. Aphrophora salicina. 3. Aphrophora alni. 4. Forebody of Paraphilaenus notatus. 5. Lepyronia coleoptrata. 6. Neophilaenus lineatus. 7. Neophilaenus campestris. 8. Mesoptylus iranicus. 9. Philaenus spumarius. 10. Philaenus elbursianus.

FIGURES 11 – 16. Male genitalia of Aphrophoridae species of Iran: 11. Poophilus costalis: a) aedeagus. b, c) stylus. d) anal tube. e) genital plate. 12. Aphrophora alni: a) aedeagus. b) stylus. 13. Paraphilaenus notatus: a) aedeagus. b) stylus. 14. Lepyronia coleoptrata: a) aedeagus. b) stylus. c) anal tube. 15. Neophilaenus lineatus: a) aedeagus. b) stylus. 16. Neophilaenus campestris: a) aedeagus. b) stylus.