Chiasmus Mulsant & Rey, 1855

Duan, Yani & Zhang, Yalin, 2012, A taxonomic review of the grassland leafhopper genera Gurawa Distant and Chiasmus Mulsant & Rey (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Chiasmini) from China with description of a new species, Zootaxa 3537, pp. 41-52 : 47-49

Chiasmus Mulsant & Rey , new record to China

Chiasmus Mulsant & Rey, 1855: 215 .

Atractotypus Fieber, 1866: 501 . Synonymised by Signoret, 1877: 16.

Kosmiopelex Kirkaldy, 1906: 335 . Synonymised by Evans, 1974: 172.

Kartwa Distant, 1908: 394 . Synonymised by Pruthi, 1930: 35.

Postumus Distant, 1918: 84 . Synonymised by Evans, 1974: 172.

Type species: Chiasmus translucidus Mulsant & Rey, 1855 .

Description. Surface of vertex, pronotum and scutellum shagreen (Plate III: A–C). Head wider than pronotum (Plate III: A–C). Vertex subtriangular, flat, anterior margin foliaceous, lateral margins oblique and almost in a line with outer margins of eye, ocellus on vertex some distance from anterior margin, far away from eye, eye projecting posterad beyond anterior angles of pronotum (Plate III: A–C); genae deeply notched below eye, extend beyond anteclypeus (Plate III: E). Pronotum distinctly carinate laterally, more than twice as broad as long (Plate III: A–C). Forewing usually brachypterous, texture coriaceous (Plate III: B–D). Profemur setal row AV with 7–9 peg-like setae, AV1 usually longer; IC row with 2 long setae; AM1 present ( Figs 5A–C). Foretibia rounded in cross section, macrosetal formula 4+3 ( Figs 5D & 5E). Hind femur setal formula 2+0 ( Fig. 5F). Hind tibia setal row AD with approximately 7– 8 long stout setae and 0–2 shorter setae between each long seta ( Fig. 5G); AV with apical seta larger than basal ( Fig. 5G); pecten with several normal macrosetae ( Fig. 5H); PD with appproximately 9 macrosetae, 0–2 shorter setae between each long seta, hardly as long as those of AD ( Fig. 5I). Hind tarsomere I slightly expanded distally, with dorsoapical pair of setae, 2 ventral longitudinal rows of setae, and 4 platellae in pecten.

PLATE III. Chiasmus sp. A –C: habitus, dorsal view; D: habitus, lateral view; E: face; F: the end of female abdomen, ventral view; G: first valvula; H: detail of first valvula (apex); I: second valvula; J: detail of second valvula.

Male pygofer without macrosetae, basolateral cleft absent or not membranous ( Fig. 4A). Valve triangular ( Fig. 4B). Subgenital plate triangular, short and small ( Fig. 4B). Connective with anterior arms closely appressed and with distinct stem ( Fig. 4E). Aedeagus hinged, with basal part articulated to shaf ( Figs 4F–G).

First valvula dorsal sculpturing granulose to maculose, marginal or slightly submarginal basally and submarginal apically (Plate III: G–H). Second valvula abruptly broadened ~3/5 its length from base, with small obliquely triangular dorsal teeth on nearly apical 2/5 (Plate III: I–J).

Distribution. Throughout the Old World.