Pusiodactylus mondacai, Smith, 2008

Smith, Andrew B. T., 2008, South American Melolonthinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) classification and nomenclature: some problems and solutions, Insecta Mundi 2008 (60), pp. 1-28 : 19-22

Pusiodactylus mondacai new species

Type locality. “ Chile: IX Región de la Araucanía: Parque Nacional Villarrica: Puesco : 39 o 31’59.6'’ S, 71 o 33’19.6'’ W .

Type series. Holotype male at MNNC labeled a) “ CHILE: Reg. IX (ARAUCANA) / P.N. Villarrica; Puesco, 732 m / S 39 o 31’59.6” W 71 o 33’19.6” / 8 DEC 2004 / M.J. Paulsen & J. Mondaca” (typeset), b) “ PUSIODACTYLUS / MONDACAI / SMITH [male symbol] / HOLOTYPE ” (red label, handwritten and typeset), c) “Southern Neotropical Scarabs / database # AS 2610171 / Pusiodactylus mondacai / Smith, 2007 [male symbol] / DET: A.B.T. SMITH 2007 ” (typeset). Allotype female at MNNC and 308 paratypes (290 males, 18 females) at ABTS (24), CMNC (74), CNCI (8), FSCA (8), JMEC (22), MEUC (8), MJPC (14), MNNC (87), UCCC (8), UMCE (8), UNSM (39), USMN (8) labeled with an identical locality label to the holotype (see above). Thirty-three paratypes (29 males, 4 females) at ABTS (7), CMNC (8), JMEC (4), MJPC (4), MNNC (10) labeled “ CHILE: Reg. IX (ARAUCANA) / R.N. Lago Gualletue; 1170 m / S 38 o 41’45.2" W 71 o 14’52.7" / nírre ( Nothofagus antarctica ) / BL/MV light; 9 DEC 2004 / M.J. Paulsen & J. Mondaca.” Fifty-four paratypes (34 males, 20 females) at MNNC (8), TMSA (46) labeled a) “ CHILE; Reg. Araucana / Volc.Lonquimay, 1000m / 38.29 S - 71.32 W ” (typeset), b) “ 26.11.1990;CHI-163 / beating / leg. Endrödy- Younga” (typeset). Twenty-five paratypes (4 males, 21 females) at MNNC (4), TMSA (21) labeled a) “ CHILE; Reg. Araucania / Volc.Lonquimay, 1000m / 38.29 S - 71.32 W ” (typeset), b) “ 23.11.1990;CHI-156 / dusk flight / leg. Endrödy-Younga” (typeset). Twenty-eight paratypes (1 male, 27 females) at MNNC (4), TMSA (24) labeled a) “ CHILE; Reg. Biobio / Term. Chillan, 1230m / 36.52 S - 71.39 W ” (typeset), b) “ 4.12.1990;CHI- 182 / dusk flight / leg. Endrödy-Younga” (typeset). Two male paratypes at UMCE labeled “ Chile, Curicó / Parque Inglés / 1/12/1999 / J. Solervicens” (typeset). Two male paratypes at UMCE a) “ Chile, Curicó / Radal / 22.XI.86 / J. Solervicens” (typeset), b) “atraídos / a la luz” (typeset). One male paratype at UMCE a) “ Chile, Curicó / Radal / 22.XI.86 / J. Cofré” (typeset), b) “atraídos / a la luz” (typeset). One male paratype at UMCE “ Chile, Curicó / Radal / 22.XI.86 / J. Cofré” (typeset). One male paratype at UMCE “ Chile, Curicó / Radal / 22.XI.86 / I. Mellado” (typeset). One male paratype at UMCE labeled “Chile-Curicó / Radal Siete / Tazas / 24/11/1986 / J. Solervicens” (typeset). One male paratype at UMCE labeled “ Chile, Curicó / Pte. El Costillar / a 7 Tazas / 22.XI.86 / J. Solervicens” (typeset). Two paratypes (1 male, 1 female) at UMCE labeled “ Chile, Malleco / Galletué La Fusta / 19/11/96 / I. Mellado H.” (typeset). Four paratypes (3 male, 1 female) at USNM labeled “ CHILE: Prov. Malleco, / Arroyo Pehuenco, trib. Rio / Biobio, ca. Marimenuco. / 12-XII-63 G.F. Edmunds” (typeset). Two male paratypes at USNM labeled “ Chile / EC Reed” (typeset). Four paratypes (3 male, 1 female) at USNM labeled “ Valparaiso / Chile / E.P. Reed” (handwritten). Four male paratypes (two of these paratypes are pointed on the same pin) at CMNC (1) and HAHC (3) labeled “Prov. NUBLE / Cord. Chillan / Las Trancas / 10, 15 Dic. 1951 / Coll: L.E. Pena” (typeset). Three male paratypes at HAHC labeled “Prov. NUBLE / Cord. Chillan / Las Trancas / 10, 15 Dic. 1960 / Coll: M. Rivera” (typeset). One male paratype at HAHC labeled “ CHILE: Alto de Vilches / 70kmE Talca / 5.XII.84-20.II.85 / S&J Peck, Nothofagus / for.FIT, 1300m ” (typeset). Seven paratypes (2 male, 5 female) at HAHC labeled “ CHILE, Talca Prov. / AltoVilches, 1100m. / 10-12.XII.1976 / H. F. Howden, night” (typeset and handwritten). One male paratype at HAHC labeled “ CHILE, Talca Prov. / AltoVilches, 1100m. / 10-12.XII.1976 / H. F. Howden” (typeset). One male paratype at HAHC labeled “ CHILE / Nuble / Las Trancas / CHILLAN / Peña-leg. / Marz.991” (handwritten). Two male paratypes at HAHC labeled “ CHILE / Nuble / Chillan / Las Trancas / Peña-leg. / Marz.991” (handwritten). One male paratype at HAHC labeled “Las Trancas / Chillán / Ñuble, March 91” (typeset). Three male paratypes at HAHC labeled “ CHILE / Nuble / Chillan / Peña-leg. / Coll. Martínez / Marz.991” (handwritten). Two male paratypes at HAHC labeled “Las Trancas ‘ CHILE L.P. / Dec 15, 1951 ” (handwritten). One male paratype at HAHC labeled a) “ CHILE Las / Trancas / -CHILLAN / 2500 mts. / 15 XII 51” (handwritten), b) “ Pristerophora / picipennis / (Solier) / Det. K. Katovich 02” (orange label, typeset). One male paratype at HAHC labeled a) “4705” (handwritten), b) “Colección / R. Gutiérrez / 1958” (typeset). One male paratype at HAHC labeled “ CHILE / MALAHUE / M. A. Fritz-leg. / Coll. Martínez / 20.XI.65” (handwritten). One male paratype at USNM labeled “ CHILE: Maule Prov. / Paso Garcia, 300m / ca. 23km NW. Cauquenes / 29-30 Nov. 1981 / D. R. Davis” (typeset). One male paratype at MNHN labeled a) “n. g. / ceraspide / Chili ” (handwritten), b) “543” (handwritten), c) “MUSÉUM PARIS / 1906 / Coll. Léon FAIRMAIRE” (typeset). One male paratype at MNHN labeled a) “ Chili / [illegible]” (handwritten), b) “MUSÉUM PARIS / 1906 / Coll. Léon FAIRMAIRE” (typeset). Two male paratypes (mounted on the same pin) at MNHN labeled a) “ Chile. XII. / Las Trancas / Chillán” (handwritten), b) “ Pristerophora [male symbol] / flavipennis (Phil) / R. Gutiérrez-Det. 46” (handwritten and typeset). Four male paratypes at MNNC labeled a) “Curicó / Rad. 7 Tazas / 26.11.1994 / G. Cerda B.” (handwritten), b) “COLL. CERDA / MNHN CHILE ” (typeset). Two male paratypes at MNNC labeled a) “Chillán / P. Comadres / 19.1.1994 / S. Roitman” (handwritten), b) “COLL. CERDA / MNHN CHILE ” (typeset). One male paratype at MNNC labeled a) “ CHILE / CHILLAN / Germain, 1899. / Coll. Martínez” (handwritten), b) “ Pristerophora / picipennis / (Sol.) / A. MARTINEZ- DET. 1948” (handwritten and typeset). One male paratype at MNNC labeled a) “Cord. Chillan / Germain 1899” (typeset), b) “ Prionophora / picipennis / [male symbol] Sol. / (det por P.G.)” (handwritten). Nine paratypes (4 male, 5 female) (two males are mounted on the same pin and three females are mounted on the same pin) at MNNC labeled “Cord. Chillan / Germain 1899” (typeset). Four paratypes (3 male, 1 female) at MNNC labeled “ Chile Curicó / R.N. Radal Siete Tazas / 23 Nov. 1988 ” (typeset). One male paratype at MNNC labeled a) “ CHILE ÑUBLE PROV. / Las Trancas / 11-I-2005 / leg. Sergio Ocares” (typeset), b) “ Pristerophora / picipennis ( Solier, 1851) / Det. J. Mondaca E. 2005” (typeset). Four male paratypes at MNNC labeled “ CHILE ÑUBLE PROV. / Las Trancas / 11-I-2005 / leg. Sergio Ocares” (typeset). Two male paratypes (mounted on the same pin) at MNNC labeled a) “ CHILE / Cord. CHILLAN / Germain-leg. / En. coll. Gutierrez / Coll. Martinez” (handwritten), b) “Cord. Chillan / Germain 1899” (typeset), c) “ Pristerophora / flavipennis / (Phil.) / A. MARTINEZ-DET.1947” (handwritten and typeset). One male paratype at MNNC labeled “ Chile VII Región / sector Los Ruiles / 26.NOV.2004 / Col. A. Vera” (typeset and handwritten). One male paratype at MNNC labeled “ CHILE VII REGION / R. N. Altos de Lircay / 6-8-Dic-2002 / Col. Alejandro Vera” (typeset and handwritten). One male paratype at MNNC labeled “ Chile Talca / Altos de Vilches / 17/ 23-XII-1976 / Coll. G. Arriagada” (typeset). One male paratype at MNNC labeled “Altos de Vilches / Talca 1280 mts / 25-26-XI-1970 / J. Solervicens” (handwritten). Eight paratypes (6 male, 2 female) at FMNH labeled a) “ CHILE: Talca Pr.: R.N. / Altos de Lircay, vic. / Centro de Visitantes to / Piedras Tacitas, 1210m. / 35 o 36.39’S, 71 o 04.23’W.” (typeset), b) “ 2-3.xii.2002, Nothofagus / spp. forest; FMHD #2002- / 030, UV light trap, Thayer, / Clarke, Newton 1073 / FIELD MUS. NAT. HIST.” (typeset). One male paratype at FMNH labeled “ CHILE: Malleco Prov. / 6.5km E Malalcahuello / 1080m, trap site 651 / 13-31.xii.1982 Noth. / dombeyi with Chusquea / A. Newton & M. Thayer” (typeset). One male paratype at FMNH labeled a) “ CHILE: Malleco Prov. / 6.5kmE Malalcahuello / 1080m, site 651 13-31 / Dec. 1982 N. dombeyi / with Chusquea / A. Newton, M. Thayer” (typeset), b) “flight intercept / window/trough / trap” (typeset). Four male paratypes at FMNH labeled a) “Las Trancas / CHILE L.P. / Dec 15, 1951 ” (handwritten), b) “CNHM / Purchase ex. / L.O. Howden” (typeset). One male paratype at FMNH labeled a) “ CHILE. Las / Trancas / -Chillan / 2500 mts. / 15 XII 51” (handwritten), b) “CNHM / Purchase ex. / L.O. Howden” (typeset). Two male paratypes at FMNH labeled a) “Prov. MALLECO / La Fusta 800Mt. / Lonquimay” (typeset), b) “ 9. Dic. 1959 / Coll. L. E. Pena” (typeset). One male paratype at FMNH labeled “FUNDO MALCHO / Pre-Cord. Parral / Noviembre, 1956 / Leg: M. Rivera” (typeset). One male paratype at FMNH labeled a) “LAS CABRAS / Cord. Chillan / 1100,1480 m” (typeset), b) “10,23.Dic.54 / Coll: L.E. Pena” (typeset). One male paratype at FMNH labeled “Prov. Talca / Los Cipreses / 25 Enero- 1951 / Coll: L.E. Pena” (typeset). Three male paratypes at FMNH labeled a) “Prov. NUBLE / Cord. Chillan / Las Trancas” (typeset), b) “10,15 Dic.1951 / Coll: L.E. Pena” (typeset). One male paratype at FMNH labeled a) “ CHILE;NUBLE / Cord. Chillan / Las Trancas” (typeset), b) “ 10-15.XII.1960 / M. Rivera leg” (typeset). Two male paratypes at FMNH labeled a) “LOS CIPRESES / Rio Diguillin / Cord. Chillan” (typeset), b) “20,25- Nov-1951 / Coll. L.E. Pena” (typeset). Three paratypes (2 male, 1 female) at FMNH labeled a) “EL RADAL / Cord. Talca / 900,110 0 m ” (typeset), b) “23,30- Nov-1957 / Coll: L.E. Pena” (typeset). Two male paratypes at ABTS (1) and FMNH (1) labeled “Tregualemu / Maule Chile / 1/4-XI-81 / Coll. L.E. Peña” (handwritten). Two male paratypes at ABTS (1) and FMNH (1) labeled a) “CARAMAVIDA / Nahuelbuta (W)” (typeset), b) “(Arauco 750 m / 25,31-Dic-53 / Coll: L. E. Pena)” (typeset). One male paratype at ABTS labeled a) “TREGUALEMU / Costa Nuble / 300,500 m ” (typeset), b) “9,10- Dic-1953 / Coll: L.E. Pena” (typeset). Six female paratypes at FMNH labeled a) “ CHILE: Talca Pr.: R.N. / Altos de Lircay, vic. / Centro de Visitantes to / Piedras Tacitas, 1210m. / 35 o 36.39’S, 71 o 04.23’W. / 2.xii.2002.” (typeset), b) “ Nothofagus spp. forest; / on ground & trees at / night, Thayer, Newton, / Solodovnikov, Clarke / 1073 / FIELD MUS. NAT. HIST.” (typeset). Three female paratypes at FMNH labeled a) “ CHILE: Talca Pr.: R.N. / Altos de Lircay, vic. / Centro de Visitantes to / Piedras Tacitas, 1210m.” (typeset), b) “ 35 o 36.39’S, 71 o 04.23’W. / 2-3.xii.2002, Nothofagus / spp. forest, Clarke 1073 / FIELD MUS. NAT. HIST.” (typeset). One female paratype at FMNH labeled a) “Prov. NUBLE / Cord. Chillan / Las Trancas” (typeset), b) “10, 15 Dic. 1960 / Coll: M. Rivera” (typeset). Two female paratypes at FMNH labeled a) “Prov. MALLECO / Pehuenco / Cord. Lonquimay” (typeset), b) “13, 16 Dic 1963 / Coll. L.E. Pena” (typeset). One female paratype at HAHC labeled a) “Prov. MALLECO / Pehuenco / Cord. Lonquimay / 13, 16 Dic 1963 / Coll. L.E. Pena” (typeset). One female paratype at FMNH labeled “LAS TRANCAS / Cord. Nuble / 5, 16- Dic-51 / Coll: L.E. Pena” (typeset). One female paratype at HAHC labeled “ CHILE, Talca Prov. / AltoVilches, 1100m. / 10-12.XII.1976 (P.M.) / H. F. Howden” (typeset and handwritten). One female paratype at HAHC labeled “ALTO DE VILCHES / Cord. Talca / 21,25- XI-1964 / Coll. L.E. Pena” (typeset). Two female paratypes at MNNC labeled “ CHILE ÑUBLE / Las Trancas / XII-1983 / Leg. G. Carrasco” (typeset). One female paratype at MNNC labeled a) “Chillán / Las Comadres / 7.1.1996 / S. Roitman” (handwritten), b) “COLL. CERDA / MNHN CHILE ” (typeset). One female paratype at MNNC labeled a) “ Chile / Chillan / Nuble / 11.40” (handwritten), b) “ Pristerophora / picipennis (Sol) / [female symbol] R Gutiérrez- Det52” (handwritten and typeset). Two paratypes (1 male, 1 female mounted on the same pin) at MNNC labeled a) “Cord. Chillan / Germain 189” (typeset), b) “ Prionophora / picipennis / [female symbol] Sol. / (det por P.G.)” (handwritten). One female paratype at VMDM labeled “ Chile Chillán / Piedras Comadres / Enero 2005 / leg. S. Roitman” (typeset). One male paratype at CDFA labeled “ CHILE: Region VIII / Termas de Chillan Road / Refugio Andino / 36 o 54.947S / 071 o 27.417W / XI-30-2001, 4175' / Fred G. Andrews” (typeset). One male paratype at CDFA labeled “ CHILE: Region VIII / Termas de Chillan Road / Refugio Andino / 36 o 54.947S / 071 o 27.417W / XI-30-2001, 4175'” (typeset). Four male paratypes at CDFA labeled “ CHILE: Region VIII / Termas de Chillan Road / Puente Marchant, 3350' / 36 o 54.388S / 071 o 32.111W / XII- 2-2001, 3350'” (typeset). One female paratype at CDFA labeled “ CHILE: Region VIII / Termas de Chillan Road / Puente Aserradero / 36 o 54.987S / 071 o 27.106W / XII-1-2001, 4250' / fogging Nothofagus ” (typeset). Two female paratypes at CDFA labeled “ CHILE: Region VIII / Termas de Chillan Road / Puente Aserradero / 36 o 55.028S / 071 o 27.069W / XII-3-2001, 4300'” (typeset). One female paratype at CDFA labeled “ CHILE: Region VIII / Mt. Lonquimay Road / 38 o 26.533S / 071 o 30.879W / XII-19-2001, 3964' / Fred G. Andrews” (typeset). One female paratype at CDFA labeled “ CHILE: Region VIII / Termas de Chillan Road / South Las Trancus / 36 o 53.672S / 071 o 28.811W / XI-29-2001, 4375' / Fred G. Andrews” (typeset). One female paratype at CDFA labeled “ CHILE: Region IX / Parque Nationales Nahuelbuta / 37 o 49.46’S / 73 o 00.53’W / XI-29-2003, F. G. Andrews” (typeset). One male paratype at CMNC labeled “LAS CABRAS / Cord. Chillan / 1100,1480 m / 10,23-Dic.54 / Coll: L.E. Pena” (typeset). Two male paratypes at CMNC (pointed on the same pin) labeled “Curacautin / (Malleco) 521m / 8-Dic-1950 / Coll: L.E. Pena” (typeset). Three male paratypes at CNMC labeled “ CHILE: Prov. Malleco / Entrance to P. N. Nahuelbuta / 17 Dec 2001 / 37 o 49’20.1” S, 72 o 57’26.4”W / Whiting, Ogden, Terry” (typeset). One male paratype at CMNC labeled “ CHILE: Regin VII (MAULE) / Cordillera Parral, Fundo Malcho / S36 o 14’46.6” W71 o 19’57.5” / 757 m; 27- 28 NOV 2004 / at BL/ML light/in flight / M.J. Paulsen & J. Mondaca” (typeset). Eleven male paratypes at MNNC labeled “ CHILE: REGIN VIII (BÍO-BÍO) / Ñuble Prov., Las Trancas, 2000m / 11 January 2005; J. Mondaca” (typeset). Seventeen paratypes (16 male, 1 female) at BMNH labeled a) “ CHILE: / Las Trancas. / 10-15.xii.1951 ” (typeset), b) “L.E. Pena. / B.M.1963-664.” (typeset). One male paratype at BMNH labeled a) “31351” (handwritten), b) “Germain” (handwritten), c) “ Chili ” (handwritten), d) “Fry Coll. / 1905-100.” (typeset). One male paratype at BMNH labeled a) “ Chili.” (typeset), b) “ Chili / G.” (handwritten), c) “Nevinson Coll. / 1918-14.” (typeset), d) “175” (handwritten), e) “N. G.” (handwritten), f) “ Pristerophora / luteipes Chevr.” (handwritten). One male paratype at BMNH labeled a) “19868” (handwritten), b) “ Chili ” (handwritten), c) “Fry Coll. / 1905-100.” (typeset). One male paratype at BMNH labeled a) “Germain” (handwritten), b) “ Chili ” (handwritten), c) “Fry Coll. / 1905-100.” (typeset). One male paratype at BMNH labeled a) “ Chili.” (handwritten), b) “703” (typeset). One male paratype at BMNH labeled a) “Chillan. / Chili / 1947.426” (handwritten), b) “ Pristerophora / picipennis (Sol.) ” (handwritten). One female paratype at BMNH labeled a) “19867” (handwritten), b) “ Chili ” (handwritten), c) “Fry Coll. / 1905-100.” (typeset). All paratypes listed above also bear a yellow paratype label and a Southern Neotropical Scarabs database label.

Description of holotype. Male. Length 5.5 mm, width 2.9 mm. Dorsal color tan with black areas on elytra at base, laterally near base, adjacent to apex, along suture. Ventral color tan with dark brown to black abdomen. Dorsal surface sparsely to moderately setose; setae thick, recumbent, white. Head: frons weakly concave, surface densely to moderately punctate and setose, setae thick, recumbent, white. Clypeus concave with rounded, reflexed apex; clypeal surface densely punctate and setose, setae thin, erect, tan. Eyes bulbous, separated by approximately 3.5 eye-widths dorsally. Antennae with 9 antennomeres; antennal club with 3 antennomeres, club subequal in length to antennomeres 1-6 combined. Labrum absent (perhaps completely fused with clypeus). Maxillary robust, basal width subequal to width of mentum; maxillary palpus with 4 palpomeres, apical palpomere extending beyond clypeus in dorsal view. Mentum twice as long as wide, with weak longitudinal trough; labial palpus greatly reduced, palpi projecting apically from apex of mentum, almost touching at base. Pronotum: moderately punctate with irregular punctures and setose, setae thick, recumbent, white. Pronotum widest medially with smooth margins. Elytra: moderately punctate with weakly defined striae; setose, setae thick, recumbent, white. Venter: punctation and setae similar to dorsal surface. Pygidium flat, moderately punctate and setose; setae longer and denser at apex. Legs: protibia with two apical teeth on outer margin, remainder of protibial margin smooth. Claws widely separated by at least a 60 o angle, symmetrical, each side split apically. Protibial and metatibial spurs absent.

Variation. Length 5.0- 7.8 mm, width 2.2-3.5 mm. Color variable; most individuals tan with variable black patches on elytra, pronotum, and head; some individuals entirely tan (except abdomen) or black. Females with antennal club length approximately equal to eye width, significantly shorter than antennomeres 1-6 combined. Males with antennal club length significantly larger than eye width, subequal to antennomeres 1-6 combined. Females with 2 metatibial spurs (both absent in males), spurs on one side of tarsal insertion.

Etymology. I am very pleased to name this species in honor of José Mondaca, who has been an excellent collaborator and field companion for the Scarab Biodiversity of Southern South America project. He is also a compatriot of this species.

Distribution (Fig. 29). VII Región del Maule, VIII Región del Biobío, IX Región de la Araucanía. Four specimens were labeled “ Valparaiso ” but these records should be considered dubious.

Temporal data. January (35), March (7), November (115), December (468).