Cacopsylla qilianensis, Luo & Li & Cai, 2016

Luo, Xinyu, Li, Fasheng & Cai, Wanzhi, 2016, Chinese psyllids in the genus Cacopsylla (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Psylloidea) associated with Spiraea (Rosaceae), Journal of Natural History 50, pp. 2215-2235 : 2225-2229

Cacopsylla qilianensis sp. nov.

Figures 5 (a–g), 6(a–c), 8(d), 10(g–h)

Description

Adult.

Colouration ( Figure 10 (g–h)). Body orange in overall view. Vertex orange. Genal processes yellow. Compound eyes brown, ocelli orange. Antenna yellow, with black apex on segment VIII, and segments IX–X entirely black. Thoracic dorsum pale grey, with reddish orange stripes. Thoracic pleurites mostly orange, trochantin of metathorax more or less blackish. Ventral aspect of mesothorax black, except for a transverse narrow band in the middle. Legs yellow; metacoxa blackish; dorsal surface of femora blackish. Fore wing ( Figure 5 (f)) membrane translucent, grey, darker in apical margin, gradually turning light basally; veins slightly darker than membrane. Abdomen orange; lateral end of anterior margin of terga of segments III–VII light brown to black, darkest in segment III, gradually lightening by each segment; ventral surface with two longitudinal brown bands. Male and female terminalia orange.

Structures. Head ( Figure 5 (a)) inclined from longitudinal body axis by 90°, slightly narrower than mesoscutum transversely. Boundary between vertex and gena clear and nearly straight, antero-outer angles nearly rounded; plane of vertex distinctly higher than that of genal processes; discal foveae relatively shallow. Surface of vertex finely sculptured with scaly microstructures and microscopic setae. Gena processes about half as long as median suture of vertex, moderately divergent apically, with apices blunt. Antenna about as long as HW; terminal setae relatively short, the more distally situated one about 1/3 as long as the more proximally situated one ( Figure 5 (g)).

Mesopraescutum moderately produced forward, pressing pronotum to be moderately arched. Metatibia without genual spine, with five apical spurs (in one case six), midial ones irregularly grouped. Fore wing ( Figure 5 (f)) oblong oval, widest in apical 1/3; height of cell cu 1 indistinctly longer than length of vein Cu 1b; surface spinules small and dense, completely covering the whole fore wing membrane; fields of radular spinules as shown in Figure 5 (f).

Male terminalia: Proctiger ( Figure 5 (b)) relatively short and thick, with produced posterior margin, gently arched, covered with nearly evenly spaced short setae. Paramere ( Figure 5 (b–c)) blade-shaped in profile, strongly curved forward, without distinct apical tooth; inner surface with rather few setae; anterior half of the base with relatively dense setae. Distal segment of aedeagus ( Figure 5 (d)) relatively short; apical dilatation near oval, slightly inclined downwards, not hooked; sclerotised end tube of ductus ejaculatorius projected obliquely backwards, and gently curved upwards. Subgenital plate ( Figure 5 (b)) near square in profile, dorsal margin slightly folded inwards; ventral surface with relatively dense setae.

Female terminalia ( Figure 5 (e)): Rather short. Longitudinal row of rather long setae in dorsum of apical process not clearly recognisable; bilateral sides of apical process of proctiger without peg setae, short and slender setae present instead. Subgenital plate rather short, forming a wide opening with proctiger, without peg setae. Valvulae dorsalis and ventralis stretching obliquely upwards, partly hidden beneath the cavity of proctiger.

Fifth instar immature.

Colouration. Membranous parts orange. All sclerites dark brown. Antenna yellow, with apical three segments black. Compound eyes reddish brown.

Structures. Dorsum completely covered with a type of specialised simple setae (awlshaped, termed conical seta below), including ocular and postocular setae ( Figure 6 (a)). All bases of setae strongly sclerotised ( Figure 6 (a)), following the colour of normal sclerites. Antenna ( Figure 6 (a)) 7-segmented, with one rhinarium on apex of segments 3 and 5 each, and two rhinaria on segment 7; segment 7 relatively short, with the two rhinaria relatively close. Wing pads ( Figure 6 (a)) large; fore wing pad oval, outer margin decorated with dense conical setae varying in length, anterior half with one pore; hind wing pad knife-shaped, with two long conical setae on apex. Dorsum of mid and hind tibialtarsus with two long capitate setae ( Figure 6 (a)). Tarsal arolium ( Figure 6 (b)) fishtailshaped, with expanded areas rather coarse, with relatively long pedicel gradually growing narrow basally, and with well-developed unguitractor. Third pair of sclerites with spiracle in abdominal ventrum completely free from anal plate ( Figure 6 (a)). Abdominal ventrum ( Figure 6 (a)) with long or short conical setae near the margin, other parts with long or short simple setae. Abdominal margin ( Figure 6 (a)) with 7 + 7 rather long conical setae, innermost pair relatively short; and with 2 + 2 sectasetae. Circum anal pore field

( Figure 6 (c)) ventral, composed of a complete outer ring of single row of slit-shaped pores, and a complete inner ring of jagged single row of oval pores.

Materials examined

Holotype: male, dry mounted, Sidalong forestry farm, Sunan, Gansu, China, altitude 2410 m, 38°28 ′ 26 ″ N, 99°58 ′ 2 ″ E, 4 August 2013, Luo Xinyu, on Spiraea myrtilloides . Paratypes: 3 males, 2 females, dry mounted, 2 males, 2 females, preserved in absolute ethanol, 1 male, 1 female, slide mounted, 6 fifth instar immatures, preserved in absolute ethanol, same data as holotype; 3 males, 4 females, preserved in absolute ethanol, Kangle forestry farm, Sunan, Gansu, China, altitude 2675 m, 38°50 ′ 6 ″ N, 99°41 ′ 54 ″ E, 6 August 2013, Luo Xinyu, on Spiraea sp.

Host plant

Spiraea myrtilloides .

Etymology

Named after the type locality, the Qilian Mountains .

Figures

Figure 5. Cacopsylla qilianensis sp. nov., adult. (a) Head, front view, antennae removed; (b) male terminalia, in profile, ignoring distal segment of aedeagus and phallobase; (c) inner view of paramere; (d) distal segment of aedeagus; (e) female terminalia, in profile; (f) fore wing; (g) distal two segments of antenna. Scale bar: a = 0.2 mm; b–d, g = 0.124 mm; e = 0.133; f = 0.556 mm.

Figure 6. Cacopsylla qilianensis sp. nov., fifth instar immature. (a) Overall view, dorsal aspect on the left half, ventral aspect on the right half; (b) tarsal arolium; (c) ventral aspect of anal plate. Scale bar: a = 0.31 mm; b = 0.031 mm; c = 0.124 mm.

Figure 10. Photographs of dried specimens of Cacopsylla spp., adult. (a–b) C. falcata sp. nov.; (c–d) C. hyalinonemae Li and Yang, 1989; (e–f) C. nocturna sp. nov.; (g–h) C. qilianensis sp. nov.; (i–j) C. spiraeicola (Li, 2011). a, c, e, g, i. lateral view; b, d, f, h, j. dorsal view. Scale bar = 1 mm.