Adelencyrtus odonaspidis Fullaway, 1913

Noyes, John Stuart, 2023, ENCYRTIDAE OF COSTA RICA (HYMENOPTERA: CHALCIDOIDEA), 4 Subfamily Encyrtinae: tribes Arrhenophagini, Habrolepidini, Cerapterocerini, Cheiloneurini, Trechnitini, Cercobelini, Polaszekiini, Protyndarichoidini, Gahaniellini and Syrphophagini (part), mainly primary parasitoids and hyperparasitoids of Coccoidea and Psylloidea (Hemiptera), Taxonomic Monographs on Neotropical Hymenoptera (Oxford, England) 2 (11), pp. 1-921 : 38-40

Adelencyrtus odonaspidis Fullaway

( Figs 27-32; Hab. E 5)

Adelencyrtus odonaspidis Fullaway, 1913:27 . Syntypes EE, Hawaii, USNM, examined.

DIAGNOSIS. Female (length about 1.1-1.4mm): head with frontovertex bright metallic green changing to metallic dark blue and then purple above scrobes; scrobal area, mouth margin, temple and gena metallic green mixed coppery and coppery purple; scape pale orange, pedicel pale brown proximally, otherwise pale orange, F1-F4 slightly dusky pale orange, F5-F5 pale yellow, clava mostly pale orange but slightly dusky proximally; thorax generally dark brown to black with a metallic sheen; pronotum metallic green mixed blue and coppery; mesoscutum bright metallic green, with some coppery reflections, mixed with some dark blue and brassy reflections; tegula dark brown with a slight coppery purple sheen; axilla relatively dull metallic green and coppery purple; scutellum dorsally relatively dull with coppery and dark green to blue-green reflections, side and apex bright metallic green mixed coppery; mesopleuron with a weak, coppery purple and brassy sheen; legs generally pale yellow to very pale orange, but mid coxa dark brown ventrally and hind coxa dark brown dorsally, hind femur mostly brown and hind tibia with a subbasal brown ring; fore wing weakly infuscate, more strongly so at apex, with a large triangular, hyaline area on anterior margin immediately distad of apex of venation and another on posterior margin opposite, venation pale orange with marginal vein dark brown; hind wing hyaline, venation pale orange; propodeum dark purple-brown with a weak brassy sheen, side bright metallic green mixed brassy; gaster dark purple-brown, dorsally with a coppery purple sheen mixed slightly brassy and green, Gt1 with a distinct dark metallic blue or green, brassy and purple sheen, side and venter with coppery, blue, brassy and green reflections; gonostylus slightly dusky pale orange; head in profile about 1.4X as high as deep, in facial view about 3.5X as wide as frontovertex, which is narrowest a little behind posterior ocelli; ocelli forming an angle of about 70°; a conspicuous, long seta present on margin behind each posterior ocellus; a slightly elongate, oval depression adjacent to eye near occipital margin; frontovertex shiny, with relatively deep, polygonally reticulate to imbricate-reticulate sculpture of mesh size mainly subequal to eye facet, deepest and more polygonally reticulate in ocellar area; temple and gena with relatively shallow, longitudinally elongate imbricate-reticulate sculpture; scrobes with relatively shallow, irregular sculpture, almost smooth; interantennal prominence and mouth margin with shallow, polygonally reticulate sculpture; scrobes very shallow, indistinctly margined, narrowly ∩-shaped; interantennal prominence dorsally rounded; antenna as in Fig. 30; scape hardly broadened and flattened, about 4.5X as long as broad; F1-F4 relatively small, subequal and strongly transverse, F5-F6 much larger, subequal and a little longer than broad, linear sensilla present only on F5- F6; clava about as long as funicle, sutures parallel, sensory area small, at apex only giving it a pointed or slightly rounded appearance; eye not quite reaching occipital margin, clothed with fairly conspicuous setae, each of which is about as long as diameter of facet; malar sulcus absent; mandible ( Fig. 28) with four teeth; thorax ( Fig. 27) with pronotum hardly exposed behind head, its posterior margin broadly V-shaped and strongly emarginate medially; pronotum and mesoscutum with imbricate-reticulate to polygonally reticulate sculpture that is coarser than in ocellar area, but not quite as deep; scutellum with fine, punctate-reticulate sculpture that is conspicuously deeper than that on mesoscutum, side and extreme apex completely smooth and shiny; visible part of mesoscutum about 1.7X as broad as long; scutellum about 1.2X as broad as long, fore wing about 2.6X as long as broad with venation and setation as in Fig. 29; costal cell with 1 or 2 dorsal setae at apex; propodeum with 2 or 3 very inconspicuous setae outside spiracle; gaster with hypopygium ( Fig. 31) reaching about 0.5X to apex; last tergite about as long as mid tibia, with apex narrowly rounded; ovipositor ( Fig. 32) slightly exserted, the exserted part about 0.5X length of mid tibial spur or about 0.2X mid tibia. Male: unknown.

DISTRIBUTION. USA (Hawaii, Texas, Louisiana, Florida), Bermuda, Mexico, Cuba , Trinidad & Tobago, Brazil, South Africa, India (Karnataka), China (Hainan) and Japan (see Noyes, 2019). Newly recorded below from St. Vincent and the Grenadines (new record), Costa Rica (new record), Argentina (new record), Seychelles (new record), Madagascar (new record) and Kiribati (new record).

HOSTS. This species has been reared from Odonaspis graminis Bremner ( Fullaway, 1913) , Duplachionaspis sansevieriae Williams , Odonaspis ruthae Kotinsky and Odonaspis saccharicaulis (Zehnter) ( Hemiptera : Diaspididae ) (see Noyes 2019). Records of Antonina graminis (Maskell) ( Hemiptera : Pseudococcidae ) as a possible host (see Burks, 1958) are almost certainly erroneous as is also the record below from Russelliana solanicola Tuthill ( Hemiptera : Psyllidae ).

BIOCONTROL. Adelencyrtus odonaspidis was released in Bermuda in 1968 for the control of Odonaspis ruthae but failed to establish Cock (1985).

MATERIAL EXAMINED.

Type material. Syntypes: 2E, on slide, “E Amicroterys kotynskyi Ashm. Type 9816 Parasite Odonaspis ruthae Kot. Cynodon dactylon Honolulu (Kotynsky) Aug. ‘05” “USNMENT 01049068” “ Adelencyrtus odonaspidis Full. Type No 9816 U.S. N.M.” ( USNM) .

Non type material. USA, 2E, Hawaii, Oahu, Kaimuki, 3.viii.1913 (O.H. Swezey); 1E, Hawaii, Oahu, Kawaiako, 7.iii.1916; 1E, Hawaii, Oahu, Manua Val., 23.iii.1916 (E.M. Ehrhorn); 2E, Hawaii, Oahu, Honolulu, ex Odonaspis ruthae , 10.vi.1919 and 23.vi.1919; 2E, Hawaii, Honaunau, in Bermuda grass, 13.viii.1919 (Timberlake); 1E, Hawaii, Oahu, Waipio, peninsula, 24.xi.1965 (J.W. Beardsley); 1E, Hawaii, Honolulu, 11.xii.1965 (J.W. Beardsley); 1E, Hawaii, Maui, Waikapura, in Bermuda grass, 23.iii.1921 (O.H. Swezey). CUBA , 1E, Santiago , Santiago Jardin Botanico , 16.xii.1995 (L. Masner). ST VINCENT, 2E, St George, Kingstown, wasteground, 4.vii.1976 (J.S. Noyes); 2E, St George, Belmont, wasteground, 6.vii.1976 (J.S. Noyes). TRINIDAD & TOBAGO, 1E, Trinidad, Curepe, CIBC lab. grounds, Moericke trap, 29.v- 12.vi.1974 (M.N. Beg); 1E, Trinidad, Curepe, Sta Margarita Circ. Rd , 29.iv- 5.5.1974 (F.D. Bennett); 7E, Trinidad, various localities and dates, 23.vi-4.viii.1976 (J.S. Noyes). COSTA RICA, 3E, Guanacaste, Santa Rosa NP, Hacienda , 18.x-8.xi.1986 and 20.xii.1986 - 10.i.1987 (D. Janzen, I.D. Gauld); 1E, Guanacaste, Santa Rosa NP, Sn. Emilio , 14.vi-5.vii.1986 (D. Janzen, I.D. Gauld); 1E, Guanacaste, Santa Rosa NP , 30m, ii.1995 (L. Masner); 1E, Guanacaste, Murcielago ( ACG), 75m, MT, 24.i-4.ii.1996 (J. Ugalde); 1E, Guanacaste, Cañas, Rio Chiquito, 410m, #74625, 25.vii.2003 (J. Azofeifa); 1E, Guanacaste, PN Palo Verde, Sector Palo Verde, LN 260952 385020, 50m, #54949, 5.i-7.ii.2000 (I. Jiménez); 1E, Cartago, Turrialba, La Isabel, 650m, coffee, viii.1994 (P. Hanson); 2E, Puntarenas, RF Golfo Dulce, 5km W Piedras Blancas, 8°46’N 83°17’W, 100m, vi-vii.1992 and vi-vii.1993 (P. Hanson); 6E, Puntarenas, Golfo Dulce, 24km W Piedras Blancas, 8°46’N 83°24’W, 200m, iii-v.1989, iv-v.1991 and vi-vii.1991 (P. Hanson); 8E, Puntarenas, 5km N Puerto Jimenez, 8°33’N 83°21’W, 10m, i-ii.1991, i-ii.1993, iii.1993 and v-vi.1993 (P. Hanson); 1E, Puntarenas, Pen. Osa . Puerto Jimenez, 8°32’N 83°19’W, viii.1991 (P. Hanson); 1E, Limón, RB Hitoy-Cerere, 100m, 14-19.i.1991 (J.S. Noyes); 1E, Limón, AC Amistad, Hitoy-Cerere, LN 184600 643400, 150m, 5-22.i.1994 G. Carballo). ARGENTINA, 1E, Tucuman, La Madrid, ex nymph of Russelliana solanicola, IIE 21600 #1, 18.xi.1990 (C. Garcia). SEYCHELLES, 1E, Silhouette I., coastal veg., 2-20m, 25-28.viii.2000 (J.S. Noyes). MADAGASCAR, 1E, Tananarive, golf course 25km W Tananarive, 23.iv.1983 (J.S. Noyes, M.C. Day); 10E, Tamatave, Perinet, 27.iv-3.v.1983 (J.S. Noyes, M.C. Day); 1E, Tulear, Berenty, 12 km NW Amboasary, 5-15.v.1983 (J.S. Noyes, M.C. Day); 3E, Tulear, Bereboka, 60km NE Morondava, 18-23.v.1983 (J.S. Noyes, M.C. Day). KIRIBATI, 1E, Tarawa I., 6.xi.1983 (A.K. Walker). Material in MZUCR, and NHMUK.

COMMENTS. The two slide-mounted female syntypes of odonaspidis are uncleared and mounted under a single coverslip. They are in good condition and with care it may be possible to remount them so that a lectotype can be selected.As they clearly belong to the species currently understood to be odonaspidis , and other specimens may exist (Fullaway described the species from “several specimens”), I consider this to be presently unnecessary.