Paramysis (Serrapalpisis) kosswigi Băcescu, 1948

Wittmann, Karl J., Ariani, Antonio P. & Daneliya, Mikhail, 2016, The Mysidae (Crustacea: Peracarida: Mysida) in fresh and oligohaline waters of the Mediterranean. Taxonomy, biogeography, and bioinvasion, Zootaxa 4142 (1), pp. 1-70 : 15-18

Paramysis (Serrapalpisis) kosswigi Băcescu, 1948

Figs 4 , 5

Paramysis (Mesomysis) kosswigi Băcescu, 1948 : Mordukhai-Boltovskoi 1979.

Paramysis kosswigi: Băcescu 1954, 1966 , 1985; Remane & Schlieper 1958; Mordukhai-Boltovskoi 1964a, b; Mauchline & Murano 1977; Komarova 1991 (partim); Kocataş et al. 2003 (partim); Daneliya & Petryashev 2011; Wittmann & Ariani 2011; ITIS 2014.

Mysis relicta: Dügel & Kazanci 2004 .

Paramysis (Serrapalpisis) kosswigi: Anderson 2008 ; Audzijonyte et al. 2008a; Daneliya et al. 2012; Mees 2014.

nec Paramysis kosswigi (Black Sea records): Şerban et al. 2000; Şerban 2004; Skolka 2005; Audzijonyte 2006; Özbek & Ustaoğlu 2006; Porter et al. 2008; Akbulut et al. 2009.

Material examined (all from freshwater tributaries of the Aegean Sea in Turkey). 8 F ad. 8.7–11.1 mm, 29 M ad. 7.6–9.9 mm, 12 F subad., 8 M subad., 38 imm., 78 juv., Lake Işikli in Anatolia, 38.2667N 029.9254E, altitude 818 m, sea distance ca. 505 km , 0.5–1 m depth, over sand, S = 0.1, 320 µS/cm, 24.4°C, pH 8.1, 7.24 mg O2/l, 10°d, 55 NTU, hand net, 11 June 2006, leg. K. J. Wittmann, NHMW reg . no. 25198, BMNH 2011.1754-1763, MZUT; 9 ad. spec. 8.0–11.0 mm, same hydrological system, Işikli springs (type locality), 38.3225N 029.8507E, altitude 835 m, Sept. 1998, leg. C. Aygen, MZH HLA . 150700, HLA. 150701; 5 F ad., 9.5–10.5 mm, 4 M ad. 7.0–10.0 mm, 2 heads, drainage system of River Küçük Menderes , Oedemis [= Ödemiş, altitude ≈ 135 m], 38.24N 027.96E, 1971, leg. M. Băcescu, MGAB MYS 163 .

Supplementary description. All features within the ranges indicated above for the genus and subgenus. Head dorsally convex (inflated). Antennal scale ( Fig. 4 B) length is 2.6–3.6 times its maximum width; scale with smooth outer margin extending beyond terminal margin of antennular trunk in females but not so in males ( Fig. 4 A); setose apex is 20–27% length of scale; small apical segment with five plumose setae ( Fig. 4 B). Eyes large, dorsoventrally only weakly flattened; cornea hemispherical in dorsal view ( Fig. 4 A); maximum diameter of cornea is 42–49% antennal scale length; outer basal edge of eyestalks with field of scales. Wedge-shaped subrostral process extends straight forward well beyond the short, evenly rounded rostrum ( Fig. 4 A). This process is roughly triangular in dorsal view. Carapace ( Fig. 4 A) with medium-sized, subtriangular, basally rounded, mid-dorsal, posterior emargination; carapace leaves 1.5–2 posterior thoracic somites dorsally exposed; mid-dorsally it shows traverse row of 15–23 pores in cardial position (above the heart), arranged in two roughly symmetrical subgroups, and 9–14 pores in cervical position. Median segment of mandibular palp with several smooth and a number of serrated setae along its outer margin; serration along anterodistal portion of setae ( Fig. 4 D, E). First thoracic sternite with anteriorly directed, hairy median lobe contributing to the caudal closure of the mouth area in both sexes ( Fig. 4 F, G); sternites 2–5 of adult males with median, apically rounded processes of different size and shape, equipped with hairs ( Fig. 4 F); adult females without such processes but with hairs only on sternites 2–5 ( Fig. 4 G); sternites 6–8 smooth, without humps, ridges or hairs in both sexes ( Fig. 4 F, G). Thoracic endopods 3–8 each with 5-segmented tarsus showing very dense setation ( Fig. 4 H); propodus three-segmented throughout; dactylus minute, cylindrical, with weak, mostly straight, but terminally curved nail. Paradactylar setae of endopods 3–8 sickle-shaped, their armature with denticles is stronger in females ( Fig. 4 H, J) compared to males ( Fig. 4 K) and successively decreases in both sexes from endopods 3 to 8. Paradactylar setae of endopods 5–8 with denticles only on proximal half; extension of denticles more variable, generally longer, in endopods 3, 4 ( Fig. 4 H–K). Endopod 3 with inner (= rostral) paradactylar seta ( Fig. 4 H–K) showing a heavy armature of 5–8 denticles (i.e. stiff secondary projections) along its median portions; proximal denticles smaller and in part weakly serrated; outer (= caudal) paradactylar seta with much weaker armature ( Fig. 4 H) compared to the inner one. Merus of endopods 3–8 with 4–5 posterior bunches of setae. Penis with 3–4 short, barbed setae in subterminal position on caudolateral blade ( Fig. 5 A). Pleopods of both sexes (for males in Fig. 5 B–E) as described above for the genus. Male pleopod 4 ( Fig. 5 C, D) with 7-segmented exopod and unsegmented endopod; second segment of its exopod with strong cuticularized ridge on rostral face. Such ridges are present in several species of Paramysis ; instead there is a distinct lobus at this spot in P. arenosa ( G. O. Sars, 1877) . In P. kosswigi the third segment of exopod 4 shows strongly oblique segmental borders with both its neighbouring segments; this obliquity appears stronger in lateral ( Fig. 5 D) than in rostral ( Fig. 5 C) view. Scutellum paracaudale linguiform, biconvex; terminally undulate to serrated ( Fig. 5 F, G). Uropods ( Fig. 5 H) normal, endopod is 74–80% length of exopod; endopods ventrally with 3–6 spines near inner margin between statocyst and 24–39% endopod length from tip; spines increasing in length distally. Statoliths composed of vaterite.

Telson ( Fig. 5 J) subrectangular, slightly trapezoid, with very weakly curved, allusively S-shaped lateral margins; telson length is 1.8–2.1 times maximum width or 1.0–1.2 times length of sixth pleonite (measured along dorsal midline); lateral margins with 12–16 spines each, not counting the large apical spines; distal spine-free region between terminal and lateral spines extends over 14–21% length of lateral margins; telson terminally with wide subtriangular cleft that forms an angle of>120°; cleft is 7–10% telson length and does not reach the subterminal spines; cleft with convex margins on each symmetrical half; cleft lined by a total of 21–27 acutely pointed laminae.

Occurrence ( Fig. 6 ). Paramysis kosswigi is a stenoendemic in the freshwater lake Işıklı in Anatolia, including its springs (type locality) and its effluent Büyük Menderes Nehri (Great Maeander) to the Aegean Sea (E- Mediterranean), also occurring in the near, roughly parallel system of Küçük Menderes Nehri (Little Maeander). Records from altitudes of 135 m (orig.) to 1007 m ( Kocataş et al. 2003) are acknowledged by the present authors. Previous records from the Turkish Black Sea coast appear doubtful (see ‘Discussion’).

Figures

FIGURE 4. Paramysis (Serrapalpisis) kosswigi Băcescu, 1948, from Lake Işikli (A – D, F – K) and its springs (E, type locality) in Anatolia. A, anterior body region of adult male with body length 8.7 mm, dorsal view (pores on carapace and scales on eyestalks not to scale); B, antenna of male 9.1 mm, ventral; C, left mandibular palp of male 9.1 mm, rostral; D, detail of (C) showing setae from the outer margin of the median segment; E, setae as in (D), female 10.5 mm; F, thoracic sternites 1 – 8 of male 8.9 mm, ventral; G, the same for female 10.1 mm; H, left ' tarsus' (carpopropodus plus dactylus) of thoracic endopod 3 in female 10.1 mm, rostral; J, anterior paradactylar seta in female 9.5 mm; K, the same for male 9.1 mm.

FIGURE 5. Paramysis (Serrapalpisis) kosswigi Băcescu, 1948, from Lake Işikli in Anatolia. A, left penis of male with body length 8.2 mm, outer lateral; B, third pleopod in male 8.7 mm, rostral face; C, the same for fourth pleopod; D, exopod of fourth pleopod in lateral view, setae omitted, male 9.6 mm; E, fifth pleopod in male 8.7 mm, rostral; F, posterior margin of sixth pleonite in female 10.1 mm, lateral; G, the same for male 9.1 mm; H, uropods of male 8.7 mm, ventral; J, telson of same male, dorsal; K, detail of (J), showing right terminal spine and its neighbouring laminae.

FIGURE 6. Distribution of Diamysis hebraica Almeida Prado-Por, 1981, D. lagunaris Ariani & Wittmann, 2000, and Paramysis kosswigi Băcescu, 1948, in tributaries and coastal waters of the Mediterranean Sea. Data are original and from Băcescu (1948, 1954), Almeida Prado-Por (1981), Ariani & Wittmann (2000), Kocataş et al. (2003), and Wittmann & Ariani (2011, 2012 a).