Gasteruption barnstoni ( Westwood, 1851 )

Macedo, Antonio Carlos Cruz, 2011, A revision of Gasteruption Latreille (Hymenoptera: Gasteruptiidae) in the Neotropical Region 3030, Zootaxa 3030 (1), pp. 1-62 : 9-12

Gasteruption barnstoni ( Westwood, 1851) ( Fig. 3 )

Foenus Barnstoni Westwood, 1851: 220 (description).

Gasteruption barnstoni: Schletterer, 1885: 303 (redescription), 317 (catalog); Schletterer, 1890: 483 (redescription); Dalla Torre, 1902: 1065 (catalog); Kieffer, 1902: 7 (catalog); Kieffer, 1912: 236 (in key), 299 (redescription); Hedicke, 1939: 31–32 (catalog); Smith, 1996: 492 (in key), 494–496 (diagnosis); Macedo, 2009: 7 (cladistic analysis).

Rhydinofoenus barnstoni: Townes, 1950: 141 (redescription).

Rhydinofoenus barnstoni barnstoni: Townes, 1950: 131 (in key), 141–142 (description); Townes, 1951: 661 (catalog); Walkley, 1967: 285 (catalog).

Gasteruption barnstoni barnstoni: Carlson, 1979: 1116 (catalog).

Rhydinofoenus barnstoni perplexus: Townes, 1950: 131 (in key), 142–143 (description); Townes, 1951: 661 (catalog).

Gasteruption barnstoni perplexum: Carlson, 1979: 1117 (catalog).

Gasteruption maculicorne Cameron, 1887: 424 , pl. 18, fig. 5 (description); Schletterer, 1890: 475 (redescription); Dalla Torre, 1902: 1069 (catalog); Kieffer, 1902: 8 (catalog); Jennings & Smith, 2005: 689–690 (transferred from Pseudofoenus ). New synonymy

Pseudofoenus maculicornis: Kieffer, 1912: 205 (in key), 207 (redescription); Hedicke, 1939: 46 (catalog).

Gasteruption macroderum Schletterer, 1890: 387 (in key), 473–474 (description); Dalla Torre, 1902: 1069 (catalog); Kieffer, 1902: 8 (catalog); Kieffer, 1912: 239 (in key), 314 (redescription); Hedicke, 1939: 36 (catalog); De Santis, 1980: 297 (catalog). New synonymy

Gasteruption zapotecum Schletterer, 1890: 391 (in key), 471 (description); Dalla Torre, 1902: 1075 (catalog); Kieffer, 1902: 10 (catalog); Kieffer, 1912: 238 (in key), 310 (redescription); Hedicke, 1939: 37 (catalog); De Santis, 1980: 297 (catalog). New synonymy

Diagnosis. Differs from G. wahli by the mesoscutum with fine striae and sparse punctation ( Fig. 3c ); and the head as long as wide ( Fig. 3a ). Differs from G. helenae by the metacoxa finely striate; the head as long as wide; the propleuron with irregular striae; and the pronotum with the area between lobes crenulate (well-defined sculpture) ( Fig. 3d ). Differs from other Neotropical species by the occipital carina narrow dorsally and laterally ( Fig. 3b ); the mesepisternum ( Fig. 3d ) and the propodeum areolate; the ovipositor sheath longer than the metasoma, and dark brown, with apex yellow brown ( Fig. 3e ); and the fore wing discal cell present.

Redescription. Female ( Fig. 3e ). Length: 13.6 mm (9.6–16.3mm) (n=7); ovipositor sheath length 0.86 (0.78– 0.95) × body length.

Head. Subrectangular in dorsal view, as long as wide ( Fig. 3a ), punctulate, with or without fine irregular striae in vertex and frons; mandible pre-apical tooth distinct; malar space short, almost separated from gena; posterior ocellus inserted at the level of upper eye margin; occipital carina narrow dorsally and laterally ( Fig. 3b ). Head length 1.33 (1.26–1.39) × eye length; eye length 16.92 (12.40–24.00) × malar space; distance from posterior ocellus to occipital margin 1.70 (1.43–2.18) × distance between posterior ocelli; 1 st flagellomere 1.16 (1.07–1.25) × as long as scape, 1.61 (1.45–1.82) × as long as pedicel, 0.58 (0.51–0.73) × as long as 2 nd flagellomere. Color: black.

Mesosoma. Propleuron imbricate, with irregular striae; pronotal process distinct; pronotum imbricate rugulose, area between lobes crenulate; mesonotum rounded in lateral view ( Fig. 3d ); mesoscutum with sparse punctation and usually with fine striae ( Fig. 3c ); mesoscutelum punctate rugulose; mesepisternum rugulose dorsally and areolate ventrally; mesepimeron scrobiculate; metapleuron areolate, ventral region with a reduced smooth (or rugulose) portion; propodeum areolate, longitudinal carina indistinct or present; metacoxa finely striate. Mesosoma (excluding propleuron) 2.06 (1.70–2.36) × as long as high; propleuron 1.68 (1.29–1.91) × longer than its largest wide, 0.97 (0.85–1.10) × pronotum length; metacoxa 2.87 (2.74–3.16) × as long as wide; metatibia 4.85 (4.52–5.19) × as long as wide, 1.47 (1.43–1.50) × as long as femur, 3.17 (2.82–3.42) × as long as 1 st tarsomere. Fore wing discal cell subtrapezoidal, subtriangular, or petiolate; hind wing with 3 hamuli, not equidistant. Color: black or dark brown (pronotum edges red brown in some specimens), tegula dark brown; fore and middle legs with coxa black, trochanter, femur and tibia red brown, tibia with a yellow longitudinal stripe, tarsus yellow, with apical tarsomeres gradually darker than basal ones; hind leg with coxa, trochanter, femur and tibia dark brown, subbasal portion of tibia yellow, 1 st tarsomere yellow, with base dark brown, 2 nd –3 rd yellow, 4 th –5 th dark brown.

Metasoma. Imbricate, 2.96 (2.88–3.07) × as long as mesosoma; subgenital sternun notched, Y-shaped; ovipositor sheath 1.32 (1.21–1.37) × as long as metasoma. Color: dark brown, with T3-T4 yellow brown posteriorly; ovipositor sheath dark brown, with apex yellow brown.

Male. Similar to female; mesoscutum with ill-defined striae or without striae; hind leg with tarsus partially yellow or entirely dark brown.

Geographic distribution: Canada and USA ( Townes 1950; Smith 1996), Costa Rica, Guatemala, Mexico (Chiapas, Veracruz).

Material examined. Foenus barnstoni , syntype female ( BMNH no. 3a 226): CANADA: Hudson Bay , D. Barnston .

Gasteruption maculicorne , syntype female ( BMNH no. 3a 198): GUATEMALA: Calderas , 6000 ft, Champion .

Gasteruption macroderum , 2 female syntypes ( ZMHB): MEXICO: unspecified locality, L. Deppe. Schletterer (1890) recorded the types from Mexico and Brazil, but both examined syntypes come from Mexico, and I have not found type specimens from Brazil. Schletterer (1890) stated types in Berlin and Dresden, but I examined only the two females from Berlin.

Gasteruption zapotecum , syntype female ( ZMHB): MEXICO: unspecified locality, Mhfd. Schletterer (1890) recorded the types from Mexico and Brazil, but I have not found type specimens from Brazil .

Other material. COSTA RICA: San José: La Caja, 1930, Schmidt, 1♀ ( DEIC) ; GUATEMALA: Guatemala: 6 mi S Amatitlán , 29.XI.1972, B. & C. Dasch, 1♂ ( AEIC) ; Sacatepéquez: Antigua , 23. VI.1923, E.G. Smyth, 2♀ ( USNM) ; Capetillo, 1914, Rodrigues , 1♀ ( BMNH) ; MEXICO: 1867, O. Sichl. 1♀, 1 unknown gender ( MNHN) ; Chiapas: 20 mi N Bachil, Yerba Buena, 5700 ft, Malaise , 24. VI.1969, H.J. Teskey, 1♂ ( CNCI) ; San

Cristobal las Casas, 7200 ft, Malaise, 4.VI.1969, 29.VI.1969, H.J. Teskey, 2♀ ( CNCI); Veracruz: Orizaba , 4079 ft, 27. VI .1971, B. & C. Dasch, 1♂ ( AEIC) .

Figures

FIGURE 3. Gasteruption barnstoni. a: head in dorsal view; b: head in lateral view; c: mesonotum in dorsal view; d: mesosoma in lateral view; e. habitus. Scale bar: 1.0 mm.