Bathyaulax, Szepligeti, 1906

Kaartinen, Riikka & Quicke, Donald L. J., 2007, A revision of the parasitic wasp genus Bathyaulax Szépligeti (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Braconinae) from Africa and the Arabian Peninsula, Journal of Natural History 41 (1 - 4), pp. 125-212 : 128-134

Key to species of Bathyaulax

1. Two fore tibial spurs.................. 2

– One fore tibial spur.................. 3

2. (1) Head red, only dorso-laterally black ( Figure 39 ). Metasomal tergites two to three with medial longitudinal strigation ( Figure 41 ).................... concaυitarsis (van Achterberg & Sigwalt)

– Head entirely black (excluding labrum). Metasomal tergites very smooth or sometimes with little strigation on first tergite around antero-medial triangle ( Figure 77 )................ lucidus (Szépligeti)

3. (1) Head black, mesosoma orange-red ( Figure 45 ), metasomal tergites shiny metallic blue-black ( Figure 47 ) and sternites white; metasomal setosity on tip of apical third of ovipositor sheaths silvery white ( Figure 46 )....................... cyanogaster (Szépligeti)

– Not exactly as above.................. 4

4. (3) Mesosoma yellow with following areas black: lateral part of propleuron, dorsal part of pronotum, antero-lateral mesoscutum and dorsal part of mesopleuron ( Figure 52 ); length of body less than 15 mm ..... flaυipera (Enderlein)

– Not exactly as above.................. 5

5. (4) Mesosoma (except sometimes the mesoscutum) and at least metasomal tergite 1 yellow, and at least tergites 4–8 black ( Figures 48 , 94 ). Antennae all black.. 6

– Not yellow as above ( Figure 1B ), if mesosoma orange-yellow, then tergites 4–8 red to yellow-brown, not black. Antennae black or with apical third distinctly orangeyellow ( Figure 1A )................... 8

6. (5) Mesoscutum black and head dorsally entirely black ( Figure 48 ).................... delagoaensis (Cameron)

– Mesoscutum yellow, head dorsally black or black with yellow pattern (Figure 20) 7

7. (6) Top of head marked black with two submedial posterior emarginations (Figures 20, 92). Metasomal tergites 1–3 yellow, tergites 6–8 black ( Figure 94 ). Raised median area on first metasomal tergite smooth with weak ridges on posterior margin. Second tergite strongly medially striated ( Figure 11 ), third tergite similar but strigation weak. Tergite 4 with smooth antero-lateral areas, median area longitudinally strigose to reticulate ( Figure 94 )...... perspicax (Szépligeti)

– Head dorsally entirely black ( Figure 29 ), tergite 2 medially yellow and otherwise black, tergites 3–8 black. Sculpture on latero-posterior areas of tergites coriaceous to pustulate ( Figure 28 )............. artoi sp. nov.

8. (5) Mesoscutum entirely black, metasoma at least with tergites 3–6 dark red (see Figure 1B ), all legs black or very dark............. 9

– Mesosoma orange-brown ( Figure 1A ), metasoma variable, at least fore and mid legs red to yellow.................. 13

9. (8) Second and third metasomal tergites 1.3–1.4 times wider than long ( Figure 95 )................. pickeri sp. nov.

– Second and third metasomal tergites 1.8–2.5 times wider than long ( Figures 4 , 62 , 76 )...................... 10

10. (9) Raised median area of third tergite smooth ( Figure 4 ). Head uniformly dark brown, without distinct colour pattern on dorsal side ( Figure 35 ).... bicolor Szépligeti

– Raised medial area of third tergite sculptured ( Figures 62 , 76 ). Head dark brown or black, sometimes with light brown markings around eyes and toruli.. 11

11. (10) Raised median area of tergites 1–4 strigose ( Figure 123 ). Top of the head with pale reddish-brown lines around eyes dorso-laterally and spots next to toruli ( Figure 122 )................ aeilliami sp. nov.

– Raised median area on metasomal tergites 3–4 not strigose ( Figures 62 , 76 ), but rugose to finely striated. Head with or without reddish marks as described above....................... 12

12. (11) Posterior margin of first metasomal tergite with two strong depressions and with postero-lateral uneven ridges. Sculpture on raised median area on tergites 3 and 4 roughly strigated to reticulate ( Figure 62 ), tergite 5 smooth or anteriorly pustulate. A smooth triangle-shaped area on top of clypeus, with dorsal part depressed ( Figure 61 )............ hirticeps (Cameron)

– Posterior margin of first metasomal tergite finely strigated. Sculpture on raised medial area on tergites 3 and 4 finely striated ( Figure 76 ); tergite 5 smooth. A smooth triangle-shaped area on top of clypeus continuing as a smooth line up between toruli............... larjuskini sp. nov.

13. (8) Antennae black with apical third conspicuously yellow-orange ( Figure 1A ); setae on apical 1/5 of ovipositor sheath silvery white (see Figure 46 )... 14

– Antennae all black or dark brown (see Figure 1B ); setae on ovipositor sheath all black, apex not conspicuously whitish............ 15

14. (13) Metasoma largely black, first tergite reddish black ( Figure 1A )....................... atrox sp. nov.

– Metasomal tergites 1–3 dark red, tergites 4–8 black ( Figure 88 )....................... nigroconus sp. nov.

15. (13) Metasomal tergites 2–3 very finely longitudinally striated, second suture with fewer than 50 striae ( Figure 83 ). Wings boldly patterned yellow and black ( Figures 81, 82 )). Head largely black ( Figure 80 )..... martinii (Gribodo)

– Metasomal tergites 2–3 usually much more coarsely sculptured or if with, 50 striae in second suture, then either tergite 3 largely smooth or the head not largely black or wings not boldly patterned yellow and black....... 16

16. (15) Metasomal tergite 2 very wide (.2.7 times wider than medially long) ( Figure 71 ). Tergites 4 and 5 median raised area strongly coriaceously sculptured ( Figure 18 ) and tergites 3–5 virtually without transverse sculptured groove ( Figures 18 , 71 ). Tergite 6 striated to reticulate ( Figure 18 ) Head orange with black area on top head varying in extent from only stemmaticum to frons, vertex and occiput all black............ kersteni (Gerstaecker)

– Metasomal tergite 2 less than 2.5 times wider than long ( Figures 38 , 60 , 87 ). Sculpture and head colour variable............. 17

17. (16) Hind tarsi and posterior 0.9 of tibiae black ( Figure 85 ). Posterior transverse furrows of tergites 3–5 smooth ( Figure 87 )....... nigritarsus sp. nov.

– Hind legs entirely reddish orange. At least some of posterior transverse furrows on tergites 3–5 with ridges ( Figure 38 )............. 18

18. (17) Third metasomal tergite with a strong median carinae bordered by a pair of large, deep, smooth pits ( Figure 38 )......... bifoυeae sp. nov.

– Third tergite without a distinct mid longitudinal carinae, or if is present, then not bordered by such deep smooth pits ( Figures 17 , 60 , 99 )....... 19

19. (18) Raised antero-medial triangular area on second metasomal tergite completely smooth and clearly defined ( Figure 60 ). Wings very dark, black to dark brown, vein 1-CU1 long (about 0.25 times 2-CU1) and yellow ( Figure 58 ). Frons and dorsal side of the head black............ heinii sp. nov.

– Not with combination of characters as above and metasomal sculpture not as in Figure 60 . Vein 1-CU1 colour variable and shorter than 0.25 of the length of vein 2-CU1..................... 20

20. (19) Metasomal tergites 4 and 5 punctured. Tergite 2 with raised antero-medial triangular area strongly strigose ( Figure 17 ). Ovipositor shorter than abdomen (ovipositor 0.8 of the length of metasoma). Wing pattern bold ( Figure 119 )............... υaripennis (Szépligeti)

– Tergites 4 and 5 not punctured. If tergite 5 punctured, then ovipositor longer than metasoma. Tergite sculpture variable. Wing pattern not as in Figure 119.. 21

21. (20) Mid-longitudinal carina on posterior half of metasomal tergite 2 with numerous curved carinae emerging from it ( Figure 99 ). Tergite 3 smooth anterolateral areas connected medially with a narrow ridge. ( Figure 99 ) Head dorsolaterally black ( Figure 98 )............ ramosus sp. nov.

– Tergite 2 sculpture with no branching ridges. Tergite 3 antero-lateral areas not connected with a ridge. Head colour variable.......... 22

22. (21) Metasomal tergites very smooth, only transverse furrows with ridges and posterior to tergite 2 antero-medial triangular area, sometimes also between tergite 3 antero-lateral areas. Head at least dorso-laterally black, with reddish brown lines around eyes and spots on dorsal side posterior to toruli....... 23

– Sculpture on metasomal tergites variable, BUT if raised areas of tergites very smooth, then tergite 1 raised median area strigose. Head colour variable.. 25

23. (22) Head ventrally orange-brown, frons and occiput black ( Figure 63 ). Mid-carina on tergite 3 posterior transverse furrow strong and raised ( Figure 65 )................ ikonenae sp. nov.

– Head black with following areas orange: clypeus, small area close to mandibles, lines around eyes and small spots next to toruli. All carinae on tergite 3 posterior transverse furrow similar................ 24

24. (23) Vein 1-CU1 long, about 0.25 of the length of the vein 2-CU1. Wings fairly uniformly darkened ( Figure 36 ). Hind wings uniformly dark. 2–3 carinae between antero-lateral areas on tergite three ( Figure 37 )..... buntikae sp. nov.

– Vein 1-CU1 about 0.15 of the length of the vein 2-CU1. Wings with distinct pattern ( Figure 55 ), hind wings hyaline with postero-apical margin darkened. Tergite 3 without carinae between antero-lateral areas, but smooth ( Figure 56 )............... foυeiυentris (Roman)

25. (24) Tergite 2 with antero-medial triangle indistinctly defined and/or not raised, but finely strigate as whole median areas of tergites 2 and 3 ( Figure 23 ). Antennal setae white. Ovipositor short, less than 1.2 times length of metasoma...................... andreaei sp. nov.

– Tergite 2 antero-medial triangle raised or coarsely strigated to smooth if not conspicuously raised. Strigation not fine. Antennal setae, colour and ovipositor length variable................... 26

26. (25) Tergite 3 raised medial area smooth with two small foveolate-punctate areas submedially ( Figure 74 ). Tergite 2 antero-medial triangle strongly raised and sharply defined. Raised medial area of tergite 2 strongly strigose ( Figure 74 )............... kupariensis sp. nov.

– Tergite 3 raised medial area without foveolate-punctate areas, medial area either smooth or sculptured ( Figures 6 , 14 , 59 , 72 ). Tergite 2 antero-medial triangle and tergite sculpture variable................ 27

27. (26) Head completely without black markings or with black only on stemmaticum ( Figure 42 ).................... 28

– Head with black pattern at least on and around stemmaticum..... 33

28. (27) Head without any black colour (not even stemmaticum) ( Figure 42 ). Face granulate ( Figure 40 ). Tergite 1 postero-laterally strigose with weak medial longitudinal groove ( Figure 43 ). Tergite 2 antero-medial triangle raised and smooth, surrounding raised medial area strigose ( Figure 44 ). Tergite 3 raised medial area rugose ( Figure 44 ).......... concolor Szépligeti

– Stemmaticum at least partly black (around ocelli) and not with above combination of characters. If stemmaticum lacks black colour, then second tergite anteromedial triangle not smooth, but strongly sculptured........ 29

29. (28) Metasomal tergite 2 antero-medial triangular area completely sculptured and only weakly raised ( Figures 6 , 14 ). Wing pattern bold ( Figures 54 , 105 )......................... 30

– Tergite 2 antero-medial triangular area at least anteriorly smooth and raised ( Figure 96 ).................... 31

30. (29) Vein cu-a postfurcal ( Figure 105 ). Tergite 2 strigation on medial area convoluted and may vary on coarseness between antero-medial triangular area and raised median area ( Figure 14 ).......... rufa (Szépligeti)

– Veins 1-M and cu-a interstitial ( Figure 54 ). Tergite 2 strigation on medial area clear and well defined, carinae straight ( Figure 6 ).... fortisulcatus (Strand)

31. (30) Metasomal tergite 2 antero-medial triangle completely smooth and approximately 2 times wider than long ( Figure 96 ). Tergite 3 antero-lateral areas connected medially with a transverse ridge ( Figure 96 ). Raised medial areas on tergites 3 and 4 smooth ( Figures 96, 97 ). Tergite 5 posterior transverse furrow smooth and without carinae ( Figure 97 )...... pippolaensis sp. nov.

– Tergite 2 antero-medial triangle posteriorly sculptured, and about as long as wide ( Figures 59 , 72 ). Tergite 3 antero-lateral areas not connected, and tergite 3 and 4 raised medial areas strigose to reticulate. Transverse furrow on tergite 5 with carinae..................... 32

32. (31) Metasomal tergite 2 antero-medial triangular area not posteriorly sharply defined, posterior margin striated ( Figure 72 ). Fore wing vein 3-SR bisinous ( Figure 73 )................. kossui sp. nov.

– Metasomal tergite 2 antero-medial triangular area also posteriorly sharply triangleshaped, posterior margin rugose ( Figure 59 ). Fore wing vein 3-SR straight ( Figure 57 )................ fritzeni sp. nov.

33. (27) First tergite without median longitudinal groove ( Figures 27 , 108 ).. 34

– First tergite with median longitudinal groove ( Figures 110 , 120 ).... 39

34. (33) Fore wing vein cu-a interstitial ( Figures 84 , 106 )....... 35

– Fore wing vein cu-a postfurcal ( Figure 51 )........... 36

35. (34) Fore wing with a hyaline areas on basal and subbasal cells and below pterostigma, forming a bold pattern ( Figure 106 ). Hind wing postero-apically darkened. Tergite 3 raised median area medially as wide as laterally ( Figure 15 )............... somaliensis (Szépligeti)

– Fore wing with hyaline areas below pterostigma and sometimes around vein 1- CU1, but basal and subbasal cells darkened ( Figure 84 ). Hind wing darkened with only hyaline area on the base of the marginal cell. Raised median area on tergite 3 longer on the medial than the lateral area ( Figure 85 )......................... monteiroii (Cameron)

36. (34) Tergite 3 raised area foveolate-rugose ( Figure 51 ). Apical quarter of pterostigma darkened ( Figure 52 )......... erythropus sp. nov.

– Tergite 3 raised area strigose ( Figure 16 ). Apical third of pterostigma darkened....................... 37

37. (36) Only dorsal side of the head black, not face though sometimes with a dark brown spot at top of clypeus ( Figures 113, 114 ). Tergite 4 raised area with sparse punctuation and uneven, not smooth ( Figure 115 )......................... syraensis (Strand)

– Face and dorso-lateral areas of the head black ( Figures 25 , 107 . Tergite 4 smooth or strigated ( Figure 26 )................ 38

38. (37) Tergite 4 strigated. Tergite 3 median area strongly raised, notch-like and strigated ( Figure 109 ). Tergite 1 posterior strigation rough ( Figure 108 ). Face fairly smooth and punctate ( Figure 107 ). Body length about 20 mm ..................... striolatus (Szépligeti)

– Tergite 4 smooth ( Figure 26 ). Tergite 3 median area strigated but not raised or notch-like ( Figure 2 ). Posterior strigation on first tergite fine ( Figure 27 ). Face granulate to pustulate ( Figure 25 ). Body length less than 15 mm ...................... appelatrix (Cameron)

39. (33) Tergites 3 and 4 strongly strigated ( Figures 3 , 91 , 121 )..... 40

– Tergite 4 not strigated, but smooth to rugose-reticulate ( Figures 24 , 79 ). Tergite 3 variable..................... 44

40. (39) Ovipositor about 1.1 times longer than metasoma....... 41

– Ovipositor much longer than metasoma (about as long as whole body).. 42

41. (40) Strigation on second tergite straight, antero-medial triangle only weakly raised ( Figure 110 ). Antennae brown, setae on apical part white. Tergite 5 almost smooth with weak punctures and unevenness ( Figure 112 )....................... suυie sp. nov.

– Strigation on second tergite convoluted and antero-medial triangle strongly raised ( Figure 123 ). Antennae at least basally black. Antennal setae brown. Tergite 5 sculpture rugose to reticulate ( Figure 121 )....... υarkonyii sp. nov.

42. (41) Head only ventrally orange-brown, otherwise black with orange-brown lines around eyes ( Figure 30 ). Fore wing veins 1-M and cu-a postfurcal (1-CU1 0.2–0.25 times length of 2-CU1). First tergite medio-longitudinal groove weak. Wings very dark with only small weak hyaline area below pterostigma ( Figure 31 )............... atripennis (Szépligeti)

– Head black only on dorsal side around stemmaticum, face and lateral areas orange-brown. Fore wing veins 1-M and cu-a weakly postfurcal (vein 1-CU1 less than 0.2 times length of 2-CU1). First tergite medio-longitudinal groove strong. Fore wings with clear hyaline zone below pterostigma....... 43

43. (42) Longitudinal groove of first metasomal tergite very deep and wide; second tergite triangle posteriorly depressed, anterior margin of depression curved and sharply defined, with punctate strigose sculpture anterior to depression ( Figure 70 ). Fore wing basal cell distinctly hyaline compared to subbasal cell, hind wing vein 2-SC+R interstitial ( Figure 69 )......................... juhai sp. nov.

– Longitudinal groove of first metasomal tergite shallow and narrow, well defined only on anterior half of tergite, second tergite triangle posteriorly rugose, but not strongly depressed ( Figure 91 ). Fore wing basal cell weakly but evenly hyaline, similar to subbasal cell, hind wing vein 2-SC+R longitudinal ( Figure 89 )...................... ollilae sp. nov.

44. (39) Tergite 3 raised median area smooth ( Figure 24 )......................... angolensis Fahringer

– Tergite 3 raised median area strigose to rugose......... 45

45. (44) Tergite 3 strigated ( Figures 68 , 118 , 125 )......... 46

– Tergite 3 rugose ( Figures 7 , 13 ).............. 50

46. (45) Scape dorsally orange-brown and ventrally dark brown to black, with a clear contrast ( Figure 67 ). Flagellomeres brown to orange, flattened apically. Face punctulate ( Figure 66 ).............. jimii sp. nov.

– Scape unicolorous, brown to black. Flagellum and face variable.... 47

47. (46) Second tergite antero-medial triangle well defined, raised and smooth ( Figure 115 )................ zonatus sp. nov.

– Second tergite antero-medial triangle sculptured and/or partly depressed, or triangle posterior margin as in Figure 12........... 48

48. (47) Second tergite antero-medial triangle posteriorly depressed ( Figure 78 ). Tergite 4 clearly medially rugose to reticulate ( Figure 79 ).......................... marjae sp. nov.

– Second tergite antero-medial triangle not depressed posteriorly ( Figures 12 , 75 , 115 ). Tergite 4 smooth or with weak unevenness......... 49

49. (48) Head dorso-laterally black ( Figure 100 ). Face yellow without spot near upper margin of clypeus. Metasomal tergite 2 median raised area medially clearly longer than medio-laterally ( Figure 12 ). Body length clearly less than 15 mm ....................... raunoi sp. nov.

– Head only dorsally black, around stemmaticum ( Figure 117 ). Black spot on top of clypeus. Metasomal tergite 2 median raised area nearly similar in length medially to laterally ( Figure 118 ). Body length more than 15 mm ......................... υannouhuysie sp. nov.

50. (46) Tergite 3 grooves separating raised median area form antero-lateral areas as in Figure 7 . Second tergite antero-medial triangle strongly raised, smooth & well defined posteriorly ( Figures 7 , 75 ). Median areas of tergites smooth....................... kυisti sp. nov.

– Tergite 3 not as above ( Figure 13 ). Tergite 2 not as raised and well defined posteriorly. Median area of tergites with at least some nigalry sculpture...................... ruber complex

Figures

Figure 1. Living males of Bathyaulax species. (A) B. atrox sp. nov., individual that became paratype male. (B) Bathyaulax sp., from South Africa, unidentified to species but probably B. bicolor.

Figures 39–43. Automontageș images of Bathyaulax species. (39, 41) B. concaυitarsis head (lateral view) and tergites 2–3. (40, 42, 43) B. concolor, face, frons and metasomal tergite one.

Figures 75–78. Automontageș images of Bathyaulax species. (75) B. kυisti, metasomal tergites 2–3. (76) B. larjuskini, metasomal tergites 2–3. (77) B. lucidus, metasomal tergites 2–3. (78) B. marjae, metasomal tergites 2–3.

Figures 44–47. Automontageș images of Bathyaulax species. (44) B. concolor, metasomal tergites 2–3. (45)–(47) B. cyanogaster, head and mesosoma (lateral view), tip of ovipositor sheaths and metasomal tergites 2–3.

Figures 52–56. Automontageș images of Bathyaulax species. (52, 53) B. flaυipera, head and mesosoma (lateral view) and metasomal tergites 2–3. (54) B. fortisulcatus, wing. (55, 56) B. foυeiυentris, wing and metasomal tergites 2–3.

Figures 48–51. Automontageș images of Bathyaulax species. (48, 49) B. delagoaensis, head and mesosoma (lateral view) and metasomal tergites 3–5. (50, 51) B. erythropus, metasomal tergites 2–3 and wing.

Figures 92–95. Automontageș images of Bathyaulax species. (92, 94) B. perspicax, head (dorsal view) and metasomal tergites 4–6. (93, 95) B. pickeri, wing and metasomal tergites 2–3.

Figures 8–13. Features of the second and third metasomal tergites of Bathyaulax species. (8) B. lucidus, (9) B. monteiroii, (10) B. nigroconus, (11) B. perspicax, (12) B. raunoi, (13) B. ruber.

Figures 29–34. Automontageș images of Bathyaulax species. (29) B. artoi, frons. (30)–(31) B. atripennis head, lateral view and wing. (32)–(34) B. atrox, face, head and mesosoma (lateral view) and metasomal tergites 2–3.

Figures 25–28. Automontageș images of Bathyaulax species. (25)–(27) B. appelatrix, face, fourth metasomal tergite and first metasomal tergite. (28) B. artoi, metasomal tergites two and three (lateral view).

Figures 2–7. Features of the second and third metasomal tergites of Bathyaulax species. (2) B. appelatrix (3) B. atripennis, (4) B. bicolor, (5) B. delagoaensis, (6) B. fortisulcatus, (7) B. kυisti.

Figures 61–65. Automontageș images of Bathyaulax species. (61, 62) B. hirticeps, face and metasomal tergites 2– 3. (63)–(65) B. ikonenie, head (lateral view), wing and metasomal tergites 2–3.

Figures 35–38. Automontageș images of Bathyaulax species. (35) B. bicolor, frons. (36)–(37) B. buntikae, wing and metasomal tergites 2–3. (38) B. bifoυeae, metasomal tergites 2–3.

Figures 122–125. Automontageș images of Bathyaulax species. (122)–(124) B. aeilliami, frons, metasomal tergites 4–5 and metasomal tergite 1. (125) B. zonatus, metasomal tergites 1–3.

Figures 88–91. Automontageș images of Bathyaulax species. (88, 90) B. nigroconus, metasomal tergites 1–4 and tergites 3–5. (89, 91) B. ollilae, wing and metasomal tergites 2–4.

Figures 79–83. Automontageș images of Bathyaulax species. (79) B. marjae metasomal tergite 4. (80)–(83) B. martinii, head (lateral view) wings to show colour pattern variation, and metasomal tergites 2–3.

Figures 71–74. Automontageș images of Bathyaulax species. (71) B. kersteni, metasomal tergites 2–3. (72, 73) B. kossui, metasomal tergites 1–3 and wing. (74) B. kupariensis, metasomal tergites 2–3.

Figures 14–18. Features of the second and third (14)–(17) and fifth and sixth (18) metasomal tergites of Bathyaulax species. (14) B. rufa, (15) B. somaliensis, (16) B. syraensis, (17) B. υaripennis, (18) B. kersteni.

Figures 57–60. Automontageș images of Bathyaulax species. (57, 59) B. fritzeni, wing and tergites 2–3; (58, 60) B. heinie, wing and tergites 2–3.

Figures 84–87. Automontageș images of Bathyaulax species. (84, 86) B. monteiroii, wing and metasomal tergites 2–3. (85, 87) B. nigritarsus, apical part of hind tibia and tarsus, and metasomal tergites 2–3.

Figures 96–99. Automontageș images of Bathyaulax species. (96, 97) B. pippolaensis, metasomal tergites 2–4 and metasomal tergites 4–6. (98, 99) B. ramosus, head and metasomal tergites 2–4.

Figures 119–121. Automontageș images of Bathyaulax species. (119) B. υaripennis, wings. (120, 121) B. υarkonyii, metasomal tergites 1–3 and tergites 3–6.

Figures 21–24. Automontageș images of Bathyaulax species. (21)–(23) B. andreaei, face, wing and metasomal tergites 2–5. (24) B. angolensis, metasomal tergites 2–4.

Figures 100–105. Automontageș images of Bathyaulax species. (100) B. raunoi, head (lateral view). (101)–(104) B. ruber, head (lateral view), faces to show variation in colour pattern, and head (dorsal view). (105) B. rufa, wing.

Figures 106–109. Automontageș images of Bathyaulax species. (106) B. somaliensis, wings. (107)–(109) B. striolatus, face, metasomal tergite 1 and metasomal tergites 2–3.

Figures 110–112. Automontageș images of Bathyaulax suυie sp. nov., metasomal tergites 1–3, frons, tergites 4 and 5.

Figures 113–118. Automontageș images of Bathyaulax species. (113)–(115) B. syraensis, face, frons and metasomal tergite 4. (116)–(118) B. υannouhuysie, face, frons and metasomal tergites 2–3.

Figures 66–70. Automontageș images of Bathyaulax species. (66)–(68) B. jimii, face, scape and metasomal tergites 2–3. (69, 70) B. juhai, wing and metasomal tergites 2–3.