Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) caucasica A. Strand, 1939

Enushchenko, Ilya V. & Semenov, Viktor B., 2016, A review of the genus Gyrophaena Mannerheim 1830 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae: Gyrophaenina) of the Caucasus and adjacent territories, Zootaxa 4126 (3), pp. 301-337 : 306-309

Gyrophaena (Gyrophaena) caucasica A. Strand, 1939

(Figs. 7–10)

Gyrophaena caucasica A. Strand, 1939: 110

Gyrophaena cultellata Assing, 2009: 145 , syn. nov.

Gyrophaena caucasica ; Boháč, 1986: 190; Nikitskiy & al., 2008: 112

Material examined: RUSSIA: STAVROPOL TERRITORY: Krasnogvardeiskiy District: 1 Ƌ: 3 km E of Pregradnaya, 800 m, 3.VIII.1986, S.I. Golovatch leg. (cVS); Predgorniy District: 3 Ƌ, 9 ♀: Pyatigorsk, Beshtau Mountain, fungi, 9.VI.1911, B. Iljin leg. [‘ Gyrophaena laevipennis Kr. B. Iljin determ.’] ( ZIN); 147 Ƌ, 291 ♀: Mineral'niye Vody, Beshtau Mountain, 10.VI.1994, E.A. Khachikov leg. (cEKh, cIE, ZMM); 49 Ƌ, 107 ♀: ibid., 4– 17.VIII.1993, E.A. Khachikov leg. (cEKh, ZMM); 9 spec.: Zheleznovodsk, 8.V.1985, A.B. Ryvkin leg. ( ZMM); 1 Ƌ: Pyatigorsk, Mashuk Mountain, 31.V.1982, V.V. Yanushev leg. (cVS); 3 ♀: 20 km NW Kislovodsk, valley of Alikonovka River, Medoviye Vodopady, 15.VI.1994, E.A. Khachikov leg. (cEKh, ZMM); KRASNODAR TERRITORY: Krymskiy District: 68 Ƌ, 34 ♀: Krymsk, right side of Adagum River, 5.X.2011, I.V. Enushchenko leg. (cIE, ZMM); 5 Ƌ, 2 ♀: ibid., on Fomes fomentarius , 5.X.2011, I.V. Enushchenko leg. (cIE, ZMM); 2 Ƌ, 3 ♀: ibid., on Psathyrella sp., 5.X.2011, I.V. Enushchenko leg. (cIE, ZMM); 6 Ƌ, 5 ♀: ibid., on Lentinus tigrinus , 5.X.2011, I.V. Enushchenko leg. (cIE, ZMM); Severskiy District: 211 spec.: Ubinskaya, V–VI.1986, I.A. Ushakov leg. (cEKh, ZMM); 26 spec.: near Ubinskaya, Papai Mountain, 2–3.VI.1986, I.A. Ushakov leg. ( ZMM); 121 spec.: ibid., Derbiy Mountain, 31.VI.1986, I.A. Ushakov leg. (cEKh, ZMM); Apsheronskiy District: 1 ♀: N slopes of Skalisty Mts rng., near Peredovaya River 1.st, Sukhaya balka, sift, pitfall traps, 901 m, N 44°02ʹ46,1ʺ E 41°26ʹ04,2ʺ, 27.05.2014, A. Pütz leg. (cAP); 3 Ƌ, 3 ♀: S slopes of Chernogorie Mts rng., near Otdalyennyi, sift, pitfall traps, 781 m, N 44°04ʹ52.3ʺ E 39°44ʹ14.9ʺ, 23.V.2014, A. Pütz leg. (cAP); 18 Ƌ, 43 ♀: valley of Kurdzhips River, Mezmai, 4–17.VII.1993, E.A. Khachikov leg. (cEKh, ZMM); 1 Ƌ: Mezmai, 19–25.VII.1996, E.A. Khachikov leg. ( ZMM); Anapskiy District: 136 spec.: 3 km E Bol'shoi Utrish, 24–30.VIII.2003, D. Popov, A. Rudaikov, E. Khachikov leg. (cVS, ZMM); 4 Ƌ, 12 ♀: Bol'shoi Utrish, 1–5.V.2008, E.A. Khachikov leg. (cVS, ZMM); Gelendzhikskiy District: 8 Ƌ, 3 ♀: 7 km W Krinitsa, Tyomnaya Shchel´ Gorge 19.IX.2012, E.A. Khachikov leg. (cIE, ZMM); 19 Ƌ, 28 ♀: ibid., 1–11.VIII.2013, E.A. Khachikov leg. (cEKh, ZMM); Maikopskiy District: 1 Ƌ: Caucasian Nature Reserve, vicinity of Guzeripl´, 21.VI.1990, V.V. Grebennikov leg. (cEKh, ZMM); 59 Ƌ, 65 ♀: 10 km N Guzeripl´, Nikel´, Sjuk River, 28.VI.1990, Degtyaryov, Beschyotnyi leg. (cEKh, cIE, ZMM); Kushchevskiy District: 3 Ƌ, 2 ♀: Krasnaya Polyana, VI.1973, R. Rous leg. (cJB); Adlerskiy District: 1 Ƌ: 30 km NNO Adler, lower reaches of Chvizhepse River, 220–550 m, 29.IV.–06.V.2013, S. Kurbatov leg. ( RCPQ); Khostinsky District: 1 Ƌ, 1 ♀: Lazarevskoye, Maryino, 25.IX.1988, I.A. Ushakov leg. (cVS); 497 spec.: Khosta, 22.V–19.VI.1988, V.B. Semenov leg. (cVS); ADYGEA: Maikopskiy District: 1 Ƌ: Caucasian Nature Reserve, vicinity of Guzeripl´, 21.VI.1990, V.V. Grebennikov leg. ( ZMM); 59 Ƌ, 65 ♀: 10 km N Guzeripl´, Nikel´, Sjuk River, 28.VI.1990, Degtyaryov, Beschyotnyi leg. (cIE, ZMM); KARACHAY- CHERKESSIA: 2 ♀: ‘Caucas. occ. Circassien. Leder. Reitter’ [Gyroph. fasciata Marsh. Coll. Reitter] ( HNHM); Karachay District: 1 ♀: ‘Ca. b. Teberda, VI.1912, Roubal’ [‘ G. manca ’] ( MAKB); 1 Ƌ, 2 ♀: Teberdinskiy Nature Reserve, Teberda, VII.2011, E.A. Khachikov leg. (cIE); ABKHASIA: Gagra District: 117 spec.: Gumistinsky Nature Reserve, Verkhny Tsumur, 24.IX.1985, I.A. Ushakov leg. ( ZMM); 1 Ƌ, 3 ♀: Myusserskiy Nature Reserve, 18.IX.1988, I.A. Ushakov leg. (cVS); 2 Ƌ, 2 ♀: vicinity of Pitsunda, on Armillaria sp., 15.IX.1991, V.B. Semenov leg. (cVS); Gudautskiy District: 415 spec.: Bzybskiy Ridge, ca. 2 km N Duripsh, general collecting. 09.IX.1985. I.A.Ushakov leg. (cEKh, ZMM); 1 ♀: Othara, 8.IV.1956, Kurnakov leg. ( ZIN); Sukhum District: 6 spec.: Pskhu, 750 m, 19.VIII.1986, A.B. Ryvkin leg. ( ZMM); 1 ♀: vicinity of Sukhumi, 9.IX.1976, A.B. Ryvkin leg. ( ZMM); 10 Ƌ, 9 ♀: Kelasuri Canyon, 18.IX.1988, I.A. Ushakov leg. ( ZMM); GEORGIA: SVANETI: 1 ♀: ‘Caucasus. Swanetien. Leder. Reitter.’ [‘ Gyroph. fasciata Marsh. Coll. Reitter’] ( HNHM); SAMEGRELO ZEMO- SVANETI: Zugdidskiy District: 1 ♀: Zugdidi, 13.X.1981 (cJB); Mestiyskiy District: 4 spec.: 40 km W Mestiya, Kherkhvashi, 1150 m, 25.VIII.1986, A.B. Ryvkin leg. ( ZMM); KAKHETI: 2 Ƌ, 10 ♀: Lagodekhskiy valley of Shroma River, bracket fungi, 29.V.1977, Kireichjuk leg. ( ZIN); 3 ♀: Lagodekhi, agaricales fungi, 27.X.1968, O.L. Kryzhanovskiy leg. ( ZIN); 1 ♀: Mariamdjvari State Reserve, Carpinus forest, 13–14.V.1987, S.I. Golovatch & K.Yu. Eskov leg. ( ZMM); ARMENIA: TAVUSH AREA: Idzhevanskiy District: 6 spec.: Dilizhan Reserve, valley Akhnabat near Salakh, 1400–1500 m, Fagus, Taxus. Carpinus etc. forest, 17.IV.1989, S.I. Golovatch leg. ( ZMM); AZERBAIJAN: Ganca: 1 Ƌ: Ajikent, [?], Maljushenko leg. ( ZIN); REGION NOT LOCATED: 1 ♀: ‘Caucasus Reitter/1246’ ( MAKB); 1 Ƌ: ‘Caucasus Reitter/1247’ [‘ Gyrophaena bihamata Thoms. 5804’] ( MAKB); 1 Ƌ: ‘Caucasus Reitter’ [‘ Gyroph. fasciata Marsh. Coll. Reitter’] ( HNHM); 1 Ƌ, 1 ♀: ‘Kaukas. Leder’ [‘ Gyroph. bihamata Thoms. Coll. Reitter’] ( HNHM); 2 ♀: ‘Caucasus. Leder’ [‘ Gyroph. bihamata Thoms. Coll. Reitter’] ( HNHM).

Additional material examined: RUSSIA: REPUBLIC OF CRIMEA: Simferopol΄skiy District: 2 ♀: ‘Krym, Yaltinskiy distr., Taushan-Bazar [Privolʹnoye], 11.7.1911, V. Pliginskiy leg.’[ Gyrophaena laevipennis ] ( ZIN); 2 Ƌ, 1 ♀: ibid., 4.VI.2007, M.B. Kiritschenko ( ZIN); 2 Ƌ, 2 ♀: Angarskiy Pass (Angar-Bogaz), 15.VIII.1976, V.V. Belov leg. (cVS); Bakhchisaraiskiy Disrtict: 7 Ƌ, 14 ♀: ‘Tauria, Kokoz [Sokolinoye], 9.5.[19]11, V. Pliginskiy leg.’( ZIN); Yalta: 1 Ƌ: Ai-Danil΄ [Danilovka] village, on Coprinus sp., 30.V.1999, D.S. Shchigel΄ (cVS); 1 ♀: 6 km FIGURES 7–13.

NE Nikita, Nikitskiy Botanical Garden, 23.VIII.1976, V.V. Belov leg. (cVS); Kirovskiy District: 6 Ƌ: Stary Crym, mountain forest, 15–16.VIII.2005, R. Cibuļskis leg. (cIE, ZMM); Leninskiy District: 1 Ƌ: Vinogradny, S slope of Uragay Ridge, 500 m, oak-forest, on Fomes fomentarius , 28.V.1999, D.S. Shchigel΄ leg. (cVS); ROSTOV AREA: Azovskiy District: 13 Ƌ, 25 ♀: Rostov-na-Donu, 17.VI.2013, E.A. Khachikov leg. ( ZMM); 1 Ƌ, 2 ♀: ibid., 21. VI.2009, E.A. Khachikov leg. ( ZMM); Millerovskiy District: 3 Ƌ, 3 ♀: Ivanovka, 6–18.VII.2013, E.A. Khachikov leg. (cIE).

Distribution. N & W Caucasus, Azerbaijan, south of European part of Russia, Turkey.

Taxonomic notes. Strand (1939), based on the shape of the male secondary sexual characters, compared G. caucasica with G. joyioides Wüsthoff 1937 and G. k o r b i and provided figures of apical portion of the aedeagus. Similarity in the male primary and secondary sexual characters (shape of tergite VIII, apically bifid tergite X, general morphology of the median lobe of the aedeagus and structure of endophallus) as well as in external morphology shows that G. caucasica is closely related to G. j o yi o i d es and G. k o r b i.

Assing (2009) described G. cultellata based on two males from Turkey (" 41 km W Samsun, 27 km S Bafra, 41°18'55"N, 35°50'51"E, 220 m ") and compared it with G. anatolica Assing 2004 and G. ciliciana Assing 2009 , but did not compare this new species with G. c a u c a s i c a Strand 1939. Glotov (2014) recorded G. cultellata Assing 2009 for Crimea (Chatyrdagh Mountain). As the male genitalia and terminalia of G. cultellata (see Assing 2009: Figs. 54–57) are quite identical to those of G. caucasica , including the material from the type locality, I considered G. cultellata here as an junior synonym of G. caucasica .

Remarks. The original description of G. c a u c a s i c a is based on several specimens from Teberda ( Strand 1939). Boháč (1986) recorded species from Sochi and Krasnaya Polyana. Nikitskiy et al. (2008) cited it from Khosta. It is here reported from Adygea, Stavropol Territory, Abkhazia, Azerbaijan, Rostov Area, Georgia and Armenia for the first time.