Helix (Helix) pathetica MOUSSON, 1854

Neubert, Eike, 2014, Revision of Helix LINNAEUS, 1758 in its eastern Mediterranean distribution area, and reassignment of Helix godetiana KOBELT, 1878 to Maltzanella HESSE, 1917 (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Helicidae), Contributions to Natural History 26, pp. 1-200 : 49-52

Helix (Helix) pathetica MOUSSON, 1854 ( Figs 75–80 )

1854 Helix pathetica MOUSSON, Mittheilungen der naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Zürich, 3: 366 ["nous ne savons de quelle contrée de l'Asie mineure"].

1855 Helix philibensis L. PFEIFFER, Malakozoologische Blätter , 2: 133 [nomen nudum].

1859 Helix philibensis L. PFEIFFER, Monographia heliceorum viventium IV: 161.

1860 Helix pathetica ALBERS, Die Heliceen , 2. Auflage: 143 [no locality given].

1904 Helix (Helicogena) pathetica armeniaca KOBELT, Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet VI : 197, Taf. 347, Fig. 10, 11 [Tokat].

Type specimens:

pathetica : lectotype ZMZ 506375a: H = 24.1; D = 26.4; PH = 17.8; PD = 13.8; PrD = 4.5; W = 4.75; paralectotype ZMZ 506375b: H = 22.4; D = 27; PH = 18.4; PD = 13.4; PrD = 4.8; W = 4.5 (lectotype herewith designated). philibensis : syntype SMF 158644, "Rumelien", coll. Dohrn ex L. Pfeiffer (ex Frivaldszky?), H = 18.4, D = 22.5; PH = 11.3; PD = 14.3. armeniaca: lectotype SMF 76884 (SD Zilch 1952: 160), Tokat , coll. Kobelt ex Nägele ex Chantron 1891, H = 21.4; D = 23.7, PH = 13.2, PD = 15.0; paralectotypes SMF 24318/4, SMF 76885/1 .

Additional shell measurements:

Amasya (n = 12): H = 23.8; D = 26.3; PH = 17.7; PD = 13.1; PrD = 4.6; W = 5.

Specimens examined:

Turkey: Amasya Kalesi , 40.6554 35. 8264, 580 m alt., 13.7.1988, MENK ; Amasya, 27 km N of Turhal , 40.5665 36.1398, 2.7.1986, BE 59, MENK ; Amasya, 40.6540 35.8349, IX.1965, leg. Achtelig & Naumann, RÄH (1); ditto, 9.7.1986, NMBE 512600 / 17, NMBE 505492 /3 (alk.); Amasya, Merzifon in dir. Çorum, 2 km N exit ÇaybaşI, 40.7378 35. 4428, 660 m alt., 12.7.1988, MENK ; Amasya, Motel , 40.6489 35.8327 E. 430 m alt, 3.7.1986, MENK ; Amasya, on the hill with the royal graves, 40.6489 35. 8327, 430 m alt., 24.07.1993, LIEB (9) ; Ankara, rocks at bridge over Kizil Irmak at the road Kaman to Ankara, 39.5781 33.4270, 21.7.1986, MENK ; Denizli, Civril 3 km in dir. Sivasli , 38.3247 29.7399, 9.6.1995, leg. Nordsieck, SMNS/NORDS ; Eskişehir, 6.5 km E Badabat, 14 km NE Sivrihisar , 39.5377 31.6740, 900 m alt., 24.8.1992; GÖreme, 38.65 34.86, Aug. 1989, leg. Gugel, NMBE 512605 / 2; ditto, 7.5.1979, leg. V. Gerber, NMBE 18473 /6; Gümüşhane, rocks 0.5 km NW Gümüşhane , 40.4454 39.5038, 1250 m alt., 10.8.1992, MENK ; Kastamonu, 1 km NW Bademci NW TaskÖprü , 41.5501 34.0556, 8.7.1986, NMBE 512614 /1; Kastamonu, along the shore of the GÖk Irmak close to Haciahmetli , 14 km NW Boyabat, 41.58 34.65, 19.7.1986, NMBE 512606 /1; Kastamonu, conglomerate rocks E of Igdir , 41.2191 33. 1678, 550 m alt., 9.7.1988, MENK ; Kastamonu, Kizil Irmak SE Duragan , 41.3401 35.1397, 9.7.1986, NMBE 512615 /6; Kastamonu, road TaskÖprü / Boyabat , 6 km W Sakiz, 41.6222 34.5222, 20.7.1988, NMBE 512602 /1; Kayseri, between Kayseri and Sivas, 39.3497 36.3986, IV.1992, leg. RÖttger, RÄH (2) .; Nevşehir, vegetatie by rocks in GÖreme, 38.6484 34.8362, 1100 m alt., 7.1986, MENK ; road Gümüşhane in dir. Bayburt, 1 km W GüverÇinlik, 12 km E Kale , 40.3799 38.8, 14.7.1986, NMBE 512601 /1; Samsun, road Osmancık to Samsun, 30 km E OsmancIk , 40.963 35.095, 27.4.1993, NMBE 512603 /3; Sinop, 10 km NW Boyabat , 41.5304 34.7147 E, 320 m alt., 10.7.1988, MENK ; Sivas, 5 km NE Sivas , 39.7768 37.0870, 1270 m alt., 15.7.1988, MENK ; Sungurlu , 40.1609 34.377, 6.8.1989, leg. Gugel, NMBE 512604 /1; Tokat Kalesi , 40.3174 36.5501, 600 m alt., 21.7.1990, MENK ; Tokat, 4 km NE Zile , 40.3119 35. 9418, 720 m alt., 1.8.1992, MENK ; Tokat, 8 km W Tokat , 40.3329 36.4654, 600 m alt., 1.8.1992, MENK ; Tokat, KÖklüce 9 km SE Niksar , 40.4763 36. 9811, 360 m alt., 21.7.1990, MENK ; Tokat, rocks 1 km N Kervansaray , 40.4218 35.7991, 1177 m alt., 20.7.1990, MENK ; Tokat, rocks 3 km ZW Turhal , 40.3499 36. 1197, 540 m alt., 20.7.1990, MENK .

Diagnosis: shell medium-sized to small, whitish with up to 5 thin spiral colour bands, columellar triangle glossy white, umbilicus slit-like open; epiphallus very short, flagellum long, diverticulum broad, short.

Description: shell thin, medium-sized to small, spire raised, basic shell colour whitish-greyish, with up to 5 thin reddish to brownish or even yellowish spiral colour bands, subperipheral band(s) often broader and darker; protoconch of medium size, smooth; teleoconch of 3–4 rapidly increasing whorls, with weak axial riblets; aperture suboval, slightly oblique, labial callus weak, columellar triangle small, glossy white; umbilicus slit-like open.

Genital organs ( Fig. 79 ): penis club-shaped, epiphallus very short, mrp inserting almost at the boundary between penis and epiphallus, penial chamber short, as long as the epiphallus, flagellum long, reaching almost three times the length of the penis+epiphallus, atrial stimulator small, a simple spatulate fold; atrium short, vagina considerably large, glandulae mucosae on very long stems, with multiple ramified gland tubes, dart sac as long as stems of glandulae mucosae, pedunculus branching off free oviduct in a basal position, diverticulum broad, short but broad, bursa copulatrix with a stalk twice the length of diverticulum.

Measurements of the reproductive organs of Helix pathetica ( NMBE 505492): dpP = 4; ppP = 5.5; P = 9.5; Fl = 28; Epi = 2; Vag = 4.3; Ds = 10; Ped = 11.5; Div = 5; Bc = 14.

Distribution ( Fig. 80 ): This species is endemic to Turkey. It lives restricted to the central part of the country on the Anatolian plateau.

Remarks: The shells of this species are easily confused with H. pomacella which is usually somewhat more spherical. Larger differences can be found in the genital organs, with the long flagellum (much shorter in H. pomacella ), and the well developed broad diverticulum (small in H. pomacella ).

Figures

Figs 75–78. Helix (Helix) pathetica MOUSSON, 1854. Fig. 75 lectotype pathetica ZMZ 506375a, Asie mineure, D = 26.4; Fig. 76 philibensis: syntype SMF 158644, "Rumelien", D = 22.5; Fig. 77 lectotype armeniaca SMF 76884, Tokat, D = 23.7; Fig. 78 NMBE 505492, Amasya, royal graves, D = 27.3. — All photos Neubert, original size.

Fig. 79. Helix (Helix) pathetica MOUSSON, 1854. NMBE 505492, Amasya, royal graves, situs: 27.48. — All photos Neubert.

Fig. 80. Helix (Helix) pathetica MOUSSON, 1854. Distribution.

Figs 10–19. Helix (Helix) pomatia LINNAEUS, 1758. Fig. 10 claudiensis, holotype SMF 9543, Klausenburg, D = 39.5; Fig. 11 dobrudschae, holotype SMF 9541, Rumania, Dobrudscha, Comana Vlasca, D = 46.2; Fig. 12 costellata, holotype SMF 9631, Markt in Bukarest, D = 39.7; Fig. 13 elsae, lectotype SMF 9529, nahe Bukarest, D = 34.9; Fig. 14 transsylvanica, holotype SMF 9634, Markt in Bukarest, D = 40.1; Fig. 15 christinae, lectotype SMF 9542, Runku über Bukarest, D = 44.5; Fig. 16 kapellae, holotype SMF 9544, Kapella Gebirge, D = 44.2; Fig. 17 serbica, holotype SMF 9540, Maidanek, D = 53.9; Fig. 18 thessalica, lectotype SMF 9568, Makrinitza bei Volos, D = 45.4; Fig. 19 rhodopensis, syntype SMF 9599/2a, Philippoppel, D = 41.0. — All photos Neubert, original size.