Cochlostoma (T.) cassiniacum (Paulucci, 1878)

Zallot, Enrico, Kamchev, Panche, Schilthuizen, Menno, Fehér, Zoltán, Mattia, Willy De & Gittenberger, Edmund, 2024, Cochlostoma Jan, 1830 revised: an overview of the subgenus Turritus Westerlund, 1883 and its species (Caenogastropoda, Cochlostomatidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 927, pp. 1-163 : 42-45

Cochlostoma (T.) cassiniacum (Saint-Simon in Paulucci, 1878)

Figs 35 (green dots), 36A–E, 37–40

Pomatias cassiniacus Saint-Simon in Paulucci, 1878: 15.

Types

Not seen.

Other specimens

ITALY – Appennino Umbro-Marchigiano , Abruzzese and Subappennino Laziale • 1- Monte Cassino (topotypical); 41.4849° N, 13.811° E; 2010; Hallgass and Zallot leg.; EZ0407 • 2- Mt Semprevista 2; 41.5636° N, 13.124° E; 2011; Hallgass and Zallot leg.; EZ1058 • 3- Mt Semprevista 1; 41.5629° N, 13.1231° E; 2011; Hallgass and Zallot leg.; EZ1057 • 4- Mt Scalambra ; 41.8414° N, 13.116° E; 2010; Hallgass leg.; EZ0023 • 5- Mt Gennaro ; 42.0437° N, 12.8313° E; 2010; Hallgass leg.; EZ0021 • 6- Alfedena ; 41.7346° N, 14.032° E; 2007; Niero leg.; EZ0409 • 7- Alfedena to Barrea ; 41.7405° N, 14.0492° E; 2011; Hallgass leg.; EZ1055 • 8- Carpineto Romano ; 41.5973° N, 13.0839° E; 2011; Hallgass and Zallot leg.; EZ1056 • 9- Montagna dei fiori ; 42.7815° N, 13.5847° E; 1987; Hallgass leg.; EZ1070 • 10- Monte Meta ; 41.6675° N, 13.9146° E; 1986; Hallgass leg.; EZ1072 • 11- Val Canneto ; 41.6892° N, 13.9081° E; 1986; Hallgass leg.; EZ1073 • 12- Vallepietra ; 41.9528° N, 13.2518° E; 2011; Hallgass leg.; EZ1074 • 13- Filettino ; 41.9186° N, 13.3606° E; 2011; Hallgass leg.; EZ1076 • 14- Valle dell’Aniene ; 41.8805° N, 13.3082° E; 2011; Hallgass leg.; EZ1077 • 15- Mt Gennaro 1082; 42.0495° N, 12.8247° E; 2011; Piredda leg.; EZ1083 • 16- Gioia Vecchia-Pescasseroli ; 41.8523° N, 13.7761° E; 2013; Hallgass leg.; EZ1127 • 17- Forca d’Acero ; 41.7712° N, 13.8401° E; 2013; Hallgass leg.; EZ1129 • 18- Piazzale della Camosciara ; 41.7606° N, 13.9077° E; 2013; Hallgass leg.; EZ1130 • 19- Val Canneto 1050; 41.6746° N, 13.9828° E; 2013; Hallgass leg.; EZ1131 • 20- Val Canneto 1750; 41.7422° N, 13.8663° E; 2013; Hallgass leg.; EZ1132 • 21- Val Canneto 1017; 41.6682° N, 13.8692° E; 2013; Hallgass leg.; EZ1133 • 22- Collelongo ; 41.8916° N, 13.6086° E; 2014; De Mattia leg.; EZ1196 • 23- Valle Cupa ; 41.4396° N, 14.0141° E; 1995; S. Cianfanelli and E. Talenti leg.; MZUFGC65002/25561 • 24- Monte Sant’Angelo ; 41.3333°N, 14.1333° E; 2021; S. Cianfanelli and E. Talenti leg.; MZUF65765 • 25- Terelle 1 km SE; 41.55° N, 13.7833° E; 2021; S. Cianfanelli and E. Talenti leg.; MZUF65310 • 26- Carsoli ; 42.1013° N, 13.0878° E; 1881; Paulucci? leg.; MZUF-13647_10200 . – Matese Mountains • 27- Passo Santa Crocella ; 41.3792° N, 14.5804° E; 2001; Zallot leg.; EZ0025 • 28- Sella Perrone ; 41.4032° N, 14.4832° E; 2001; Zallot leg.; EZ0024 • 29- Miralago ; 41.4023° N, 14.4212° E; 2008; Hallgass leg.; EZ0405 • 30- San Gregorio Matese ; 41.3844°N, 14.3688° E; 2013; Hallgass leg.; EZ1147 • 31- Piedimonte Matese ; 41.3643° N, 14.3808° E; 2015; Scarlassara leg.; EZ1257 • 32- Gallo Matese ; 41.4666° N, 14.2166° E; 1995; Cianfanelli S., Talenti E. leg.; MZUF10886 . – Lattari , Picentini mountains and Cilento • 33- Valico di Chiunzi; 40.7186° N, 14.62° E; 2000; Zallot leg.; EZ0011 • 34- Acerno-Pian del Gaudo ; 40.755° N, 15.0519° E; 2000; Zallot leg.; EZ0012 • 35- Trentinara ; 40.3976° N, 15.1277° E; 2000; Zallot leg.; EZ0013 • 36- Mt Soprano-Passo Vesole ; 40.4161° N, 15.1378° E; 2000; Zallot leg.; EZ0014 • 37- Mt Soprano ; 40.4037° N, 15.1567° E; 2000; Zallot leg.; EZ0015 • 38- Gole del Calore ; 40.3539° N, 15.2464° E; 2001; Zallot leg.; EZ0016 • 39- Mt Terminio ; 40.8096° N, 14.9457° E; 2009; Hallgass leg.; EZ0026 • 40- Pian del Gaudo ; 40.7789° N, 15.0375° E; 2000; Zallot leg.; EZ0027 • 41- Mt Vergine ; 40.9376° N, 14.7174° E; 2013; Hallgass leg.; EZ1148 • 42- Monte Faito ; 40.6461° N, 14.5136° E; 2021; S. Cianfanelli and E. Talenti leg.; MZUF65288 • 43- Olevano sul Tusciano ; 40.65° N, 15.0166° E; 1994; S. Cianfanelli and E. Talenti leg.; MZUF10775 • 44- Fiume Platano 1; 40.65° N, 15.5166° E; 2021; S. Cianfanelli and E. Talenti leg.; MZUF65732 • 45- Fiume Platano 2; 40.65° N, 15.5166° E; 2021; S. Cianfanelli and E. Talenti leg.; MZUF65651 .

Type locality

ITALY • Lazio, Monte Cassino.

Description

Topotypical

SHELL. Quite widely spaced riblets on last part of protoconch. Teleoconch with barely visible reddish spots on upper part of whorls. Very strong and whitish ribs becoming weak approaching aperture. Moderately developed and strong lip with gently inwardly curved columellar lobe covering umbilicus.

MEASUREMENTS. 84 ♀♀: whorls =7.0–9.2, H = 6.8–9.3 mm, H/W=2.4–3.05, roundness=0.08–0.19, ribs incl.= 58–66°, apert. incl.= 12–25°, ribs/mm 1 st wh.= 5–16, ribs/mm 4 th wh.=4–14.

Matese Mountains

SHELL. Moderately close riblets on last part of protoconch. Teleoconch with barely visible reddish spots on upper part of whorls. Strong and often whitish ribs, in average more closely spaced than in topotypical specimens, becoming very weak toward aperture. Quite strong lip with gently inwardly curved columellar lobe covering umbilicus.

MEASUREMENTS. 11 ♀♀; Whorls =7–9.1; H = 6.8–9.2 mm.; H/W=2.4–3.01; roundness =0.14–0.15; ribs incl.= 59–66°; apert. incl.= 13–17°; ribs/mm 1 st wh.=8–16; ribs/mm 4 th wh.=7–12.

Lattari, Picentini Mountains and Cilento

SHELL. Closely spaced riblets on last past of protoconch. Teleoconch with barely visible reddish spots on upper part of whorls. Very strong (in some populations much stronger than in topotypical and Matese specimens) and irregular in size whitish ribs weaker approaching aperture. Quite developed and strong lip with gently inwardly curved columellar lobe covering umbilicus.

MEASUREMENTS. 22 ♀♀: whorls= 7.1–8.1, H = 6.7–8.6 mm, H/W=2.45–2.78, roundness =0.12–0.17, ribs incl.= 58–66°, apert. incl. =14–24°, ribs/mm 1 st wh. =5–13, ribs/mm 4 th wh.=7–10.

FEMALE GENITAL ORGANS. Ventral connection of the pedunculus to the bursa copulatrix. Elongated, reaching distal edge of bursa copulatrix, roughly oval-shaped, more or less tortuous, seminal receptacle with indistinct base and apex, close junction of uterus gland from connection between distal oviduct and pedunculus of bursa copulatrix.

Remarks

Molecular data of topotypical samples are not available. There is a large conchological variability among the samples tentatively assigned to this taxon. The p-distances observed among the samples are high and increase with the geographical distances of the sampling localities. It seems possible to distinguish different sets of populations, living in different mountains ranges (Matese Mountains, Lattari and Picentini mountains) and particularly the samples from the Pollino area here presented as NFS 152 in the Appendix.

The sample from “Montagna dei fiori” in the northeastern Apennines is of particular interest because of the disjunct range of this population, quite far (roughly 90 km) from the closest other one with similar features and sourrounded by populations of Turritus belonging to clade B.

Cochlostoma (T.) cassiniacum is reported in MolluscaBase (2023) as a subspecies of C. (T.) montanum ( Issel, 1866) . The latter is an endemic species of the Apuane Alps, having a very different female genital morphology, and belonging to clade B.

Figures

Fig. 35. Distribution of samples of clade A inhabiting the Apennine: green dots =Cochlostoma (T.) cassiniacum (Saint-Simon in Paulucci, 1878); red dots =C. (T.) adamii (Paulucci, 1879). Black center for the samples with amplified 16S.