Simonurius gladifer (Simon, 1901)

Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Ruiz, Gustavo R. S., Teixeira, Renato A., Hagopián, Damián, Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor Hugo & Rodrigues, Everton N. L., 2022, A new huriine genus and notes on morphological characters (Araneae: Salticidae: Salticinae), Zootaxa 5124 (4), pp. 431-457 : 448-449

Simonurius gladifer (Simon, 1901)

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AC9B06E5-D5A0-4EE5-9B1C-536961643C5B

Figs 49–58 , 63–66 , 77

Akela gladifera Simon, 1901b: 141 , 146 (holotype, ♂, Argentina, Buenos Aires deposited in MNHN, not examined); Galiano 1963, 283–287, pl. IV, figs 1–7 (redescription).

Akela trilineata Mello-Leitão, 1941: 182 (♀, holotype, Argentina, Chilecito, La Rioja [29°09’40.1”S 67°29’46.3”W], deposited in MLP 14972, not examined); Galiano 1980.

Simonurius gladiferus: Galiano 1988: 296 , figs 2–3, 27–32 (transfer from Akela , redescription and distribution).

Revised diagnosis. Males of Simonurius gladifer resemble those of Si. quadratarius (Simon, 1901) (see Galiano 1963, figs 3 – 5) in the finger-like RTA with one long lobe, and the handle-shaped RvTA projecting retrolaterally ( Figs 63–64 ). Males of Si. gladifer differ from those of Si. quadratarius by the straight RTA. Females of Si. gladifer resemble those of Si. pisac ( Galiano, 1985) comb. nov. (see Galiano 1985, figs 22–24) in the inverted U-shaped atrium and the long posteriorly placed S2, but differs by having larger and horizontal S1 surpassing the border of the atrium ( Figs 57 – 58 ).

Epigyne variation. There is a variation in size, shape, and angle between the S1 among the specimens studied, i.e., anterior apex of S1 closer or separated by a brief v-shaped gap between them ( Fig. 58 , see arrow). It was observed that the fertilization ducts may be closer to each other in anterior region dorsally to spermathecae or more distant from each other.

Material examined (new records). BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul, Cambará do Sul [29°04’09.6”S 50°08’45.9”W] , 1 ♀ ( MCTP 31069 ), I.2006, M.V. Petry leg. ; 1 ♂ ( MCTP 31078 ), X.2006, M.V. Petry leg. ; 1 ♀ ( MCTP 31082 ), XII.2006, M.V. Petry leg.; São Francisco de Paula, Estação Ecológica Estadual de Aratinga [29°20’03.5”S 50°14’30.5”W] , 1 ♀ ( MCN 51022), XII.2013, Equipe L.E.I. UFRGS leg .

Distribution. Argentina [Buenos Aires, La Rioja and Córdova ( Galiano 1988)] and Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) ( Fig. 77 ).

Natural history. The specimens studied were collected from mountain areas in Argentina, specifically in relatively humid areas along water (Riparian Forest), living on foliage, never under stones ( Galiano 1988). In Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul), specimens herein studied were collected with a beating tray, which makes us realize about the preference of the species for arboreal microhabitats, as other huriines. Both locations, Cambará do Sul and São Francisco de Paula, are portions of the Great Plateau and the hillside of the Serra Geral formation in southern Brazil, with formation of Rain Forest ( Araucaria Forest ), in a mosaic with shrubs and grasslands. Altitudinal distribution: 24 – 1002 m a. s. l.

Figures

FIGURES 49–58. Simonurius gladifer. Habitus male (MCTP 31078): 49 dorsal view, white arrow: chevrons coloration pattern; 50 ventral view; 51 lateral view; 52 face, frontal view; Habitus female (MCTP 31069): 53 dorsal view, white arrow: chevrons coloration pattern; 54 ventral view; 55 lateral view; 56 face, frontal view, scale bars: 1 mm. Epigyne female (MCTP 31082): 57 ventral view; 58 dorsal view, white arrow: S2* is broken but illustrated and S1 angular axis in anterior region, scale bars: 0.10 mm.

FIGURES 59–64. Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). Male palp of Guriurius minuano sp. nov. (MCTP 38993): 59 ventral view, arrow: tegulum depression; 60 ventral view, arrow: ventral surface RvTA. Male palp of At. segmentatus (MCN 36806): 61 ventral view; 62 detail of RvTA dorsal surface. Male palp of Si. gladifer (MCTP 31078): 63 ventral view, arrow: tegulum depression; 64 details of RvTA arrow: RvTA ventral surface.

FIGURE 65–70. Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). Male of Si. gladifer (MCTP 31078): 65 carapace surface, 66 claw surface. Female of A. segmentatus (MCN 401182): 67 carapace surface, 68 epigyne ventral view. Subadult Guriurius minuano sp. nov. (MCN 32225): 69 carapace surface, 70 male epiandric spigots.

FIGURES 77–78. Regionalization in Neotropical view (Morrone 2014) and distributional records for huriine jumping spiders (records of Urupuyu not included). 77 Neotropical, South America, Brazilian subregion Chacoan subregion, South America Transition Zone, Andean Region. 78 Southern of South America, Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina focusing on the distribution of Guriurius.