Neodrillia cydia Bartsch, 1943

Fallon, Phillip J., 2016, Taxonomic review of tropical western Atlantic shallow water Drilliidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Conoidea) including descriptions of 100 new species, Zootaxa 4090 (1), pp. 1-363 : 267-273

Neodrillia cydia Bartsch, 1943

( Plates 136 , 137 )

Neodrillia cydia Bartsch, 1943: 84 ; pl. 7, fig. 6; pl. 10, fig. 3; pl. 14, fig. 1: Powell (1966: 73, pl. 11, fig. 5); Abbott (1974: 271, sp. 3020); Carnes (1975); Rehder (1981: 619, fig. 181); Vokes & Vokes (1984: 58, pl. 21, fig. 3); Rios (1983); Kaicher (1984: card 3954); Rios (1985: 136, pl. 46, fig. 622); Jong & Coomans (1988: 111); Diaz et al. (1990: 196); Odé (1991: 24); Rios (1994: 161, pl. 53, fig. 723); Diaz & Puyana (1994: 226, pl. 67, fig. 895); Díaz (1994: 40); Abbott & Morris (1995: 256); Shelton (1997); Pointier & Lamy (1998: 159); Absalão et al. (2005: 24, fig. 22); de Barros et al. (2005: 146, fig. q); Redfern (2013: 219, sp. 612).

Neodrillia euphanes auct. non Melvill, 1923: is a misidentification by Bartsch (1943: 86, pl. 7, fig. 4, & pl. 14, fig. 2), according to Abbott (1958: 96) and Maes (1983: 312).

Neodrillia antiguensis Bartsch, 1943: 88 ; pl. 7, fig. 1; pl. 14, fig. 5: is a junior synonym, according to Abbott (1958: 96). The type locality is Falmouth, Antigua.

Neodrillia barbadensis Bartsch, 1943: 89 ; pl. 7, fig. 7; pl. 15, fig. 1: is a junior synonym, according to Abbott (1958: 96). The type locality is Barbados.

Neodrillia encia Bartsch, 1943: 87 , pl. 7, fig. 2; pl. 14, fig. 4: is a junior synonym according to Abbott (1958: 96). The type locality is St Thomas, West Indies.

Neodrillia jamaicensis Bartsch, 1943: 86 , pl. 7, fig. 8; pl. 14, fig. 3: is a junior synonym according to Abbott (1958: 96). The type locality is “ Jamaica ”.

Drillia (Neodrillia) cydia (Bartsch, 1943) : Abbott (1958: 96); Warmke & Abbott (1961: 136, pl. 25, fig. s); Arnow et al. (1963: 169); Rios (1979: 110); Leal (1991: 185); Redfern (2001: 123, pl. 55, fig. 511); García & Lee (2002: 12).

Inodrillia ustickei Hayes in Usticke, 1959, in Nowell-Usticke (1959: 82, pl. 4, fig. 12), is a junior synonym according to Maes (1983: 313). Boyko & Cordeiro (2001: 74) cite Faber (1988: 91) as the source of the synonymy; however, Maes cited it earlier. The type locality is north of Frederiksted, St. Croix, U. S. Virgin Is.

Fenimorea ustickei (Hayes, 1959) : Nowell-Usticke (1969: 28, pl. 6, fig. 1125); Nowell-Usticke (1971: 24, pl. 4, fig. 1125).

Drillia cydia (Bartsch, 1943) : Sarasúa (1970: 1); Morris (1973: 246, pl. 69, fig. 14); Humfrey (1975: 183, pl. 22, fig. 8); Maes (1983: 312, figs. 7, 8, 28, 35); Faber (1988: 91); Taylor et al. (1993: 127); Turgeon et al. (1998: 102); Williams (2005: species 1556); García (2007: 8); Daccarett & Bossio (2011: 130, fig. 791).

Type material. Holotype 16.0 x 6.7 mm (Bartsch reported 15.9 x 6.5 mm), J.B. Henderson! 1914 (USNM 411099). The types of the following junior synonyms are:

Neodrillia antiguensis Bartsch, 1943 : holotype USNM 516298; Neodrillia barbadensis Bartsch, 1943 : holotype USNM 516302; Neodrillia encia Bartsch, 1943 : holotype USNM 214261; Neodrillia jamaicensis Bartsch, 1943 : holotype USNM 103394.

The holotype designation of Inodrillia ustickei Hayes in Usticke, 1959: 82, pl. 4, fig. 12, by Nowell-Usticke (1959: vi) and not by Hayes, does not meet the requirement of ICZN 2000 Article 73.1.3 (The holotype of a new nominal species-group taxon can only be fixed in the original publication and by the original author) and is therefore invalid. The existence of more than one type is inferred from the reference to a range of sizes (12–17.5 mm) in the description, so the type cannot be considered a holotype by monotypy. Also, Nowell-Usticke’s holotype designation cannot then be implicitly considered a lectotype designation (ICZN 2000 Article 74.5) as claimed by Boyko & Cordeiro (2001: 74). To fix the status of the name-bearing type, the specimen in AMNH 195463, which is the illustrated specimen, is herein designated the lectotype of Inodrillia ustickei Hayes in Usticke, 1959. Two known paralectotypes of Inodrillia ustickei Hayes in Usticke, 1959 are in UF 156156.

Type locality. R/V Eolis Station 131, off Fowey Light, E Florida, in 25 fms [46 m].

Other material examined. The following additional 282 specimens were examined: Yucatan: 1 spec., 11.3 x 4.5 mm, in 51–56 m, ca. 72 km ENE of Arcas Cays, Campeche Bank, 22°15.12'N, 90°41.63'W, E. García! aboard R/V Pelican, 18 Jun 2005 (EFG 26254). Louisiana: 1 spec., 14.4 x 6.0 mm, in 57–65 m, Ewing Bank, 28°06.066'N, 91°02.418'W, E. García! aboard R/V Pelican, 30 Jun 2001 (EFG 23437); 1 spec., 13.5 x 5.4 mm, in 71–74 m, Bouma Bank, 28°03.439'N, 92°26.978'W, E. García! aboard R/V Pelican, 30 Jun 2001 (EFG 23411). Alabama: 1 spec., 5.4 x 3.9 mm, in 149 m, Mississippi-Alabama shelf: ca. 99 km S of Gulf Shores, 29°21'N, 87°42'W, E. García! aboard R/V Pelican, 15 Oct 1994 (EFG 14535). South Carolina: 1 spec., 7.5 x 3.8 mm, in 48 m, off St. Helena Sound, 32°29'01''N, 078°49'03''W, Georgia Dept. of Nat. Res., 4 May 1982 (ANSP 355319). E Florida: 2 spec., 10.7 x 4.5 & 10.1 x 4.3 mm, in 27–34 m, off Jacksonville, Duval Co., scallop boats! (EFG 10070); 1 spec., 13.1 x 5.1 mm, in 27–34 m, off Jacksonville, Duval Co., scallop boats! (EFG 9947). Florida Keys: 1 spec., 13.0 x 5.6 mm, in 61 m, ca. 32 km NW of Loggerhead Key, Dry Tortugas, 24°43.33'N, 83°13.48'W, E. García! aboard R/V Pelican, 3 Jun 2004 (EFG 25503). W Florida: 1 spec., 10.7 x 4.4 mm, in 26 m, off Destin, Okaloosa Co., T.L. Moise! Oct 1951 (ANSP 194047); 1 spec., 14.0 x 5.6 mm, in 43–44 m, ca. 176 km W of Hernando Co., 28°41.79'N, 84°28.30'W, E. García! aboard R/V Pelican, 4 Jul 2006 (EFG 27547); 2 spec., 21.0 x 8.0 & 14.7 x 6.1 mm, in 34 m, ca. 58 km W of Egmont Key, Hillsborough Co., 27°36.89' N, 83°21.19'W, E. García! aboard R/V Pelican, 28 Jun 1993 (EFG 12984); 2 spec., 17.9 x 6.8 & 15.2 x 5.4 mm, in 52 m, W of Boca Grande, Charlotte Co., J. Moore! 1971 (EFG 11556). Bahama Is.: 3 spec., 19.3 x 8.1, 16.0 x 6.7 & 14.1 x 5.9 mm, 2.4 km S of Cape Eleuthera harbor, Eleuthera I., Bahama Is.; R. Masino!, 4 Jun 2002 (author's coll.); 2 spec., 14.1 x 6.4 & 13.6 x 5.7 mm, E side of Dog Rocks, Cay Sal Bank, Bahama Is.; G. Mackintosh! 15 Feb 1996 (author's coll.); 2 spec., 14.3 x 6.0 & 11.8 x 4.8 mm, Cay Sal, Bahama Is.; G. Mackintosh! 21 Apr 1994 (author's coll.); 1 spec., 19.8 x 8.5 mm, in 11 m, Dog Rocks, Cay Sal Bank, Bahama Is.; G. Mackintosh!, 15 Feb 1996 (author's coll.); 1 spec., 17.9 x 8.2 mm, in 9 m, N Rock Light, N Bimini I., Bahama Is.; G. Mackintosh! 21 Apr 1994 (author's coll.); 4 spec., 15.7 x 6.3, 14.3 x 5.6, 14.6 x 6.3 & 11.7 x 4.8 mm, in 11 m, Cat Cay, Bimini, Bahama Is.; T. Honker! (author's coll.); 1 spec., 17.3 x 7.5 mm, in 3 m, Gun Cay, Bimini Is., Bahama Is.; G. Mackintosh! 8 Apr 1994 (author's coll.). Greater Antilles: 2 spec., 18.3 x 7.7 & 17.4 x 7.6 mm, Maria La Gorda, Pinar del Rio Prov., Cuba; G. Mackintosh! 13 Aug 1995 (author's coll.); 1 spec., 17.3 x 7.4 mm, in 8 m, Cayos de San Felipe, Pinar del Rio Prov., Cuba; G. Mackintosh! 21 Aug 1995 (author's coll.); 43 spec., mm, 14.4 x 6.3, 13.2 x 5.4, 12.4 x 5.1, 12.3 x 5.1, 12.2 x 5.1, 9.8 x 4.4, 9.3 x 4.1, 9.9 x 4.0, 9.4 x 4.1 9.9 x 4.4, 9.1 x 4.1, 9.7 x 4.3, 9.8 x 4.4, 9.5 x 4.1, 9.4 x 4.2, 9.9 x 4.4, 9.6 x 4.3, 12.0 x 4.9, 10.4 x 4.3, 11.6 x 4.9, 10.6 x 4.9, 11.2 x 4.8, 11.6 x 4.9, 10.4 x 4.4, 10.8 x 4.8, 11.3 x 4.7, 11.6 x 4.9, 11.6 x 5.1, 10.9 x 4.6, 10.1 x 4.7, 11.0 x 4.8, 10.7 x 4.7, 11.0 x 4.5, 10.8 x 4.7, 11.1 x 4.7, 10.0 x 4.3, 10.0 x 4.5, 10.3 x 4.5, 10.6 x 4.4, 10.1 x 4.3, 10.4 x 4.7, 10.0 x 4.6 & 11.8 x 4.9 mm, in 6m, Maria de La Gorda, Pinar del Rio, Cuba; G. Mackintosh!, Aug–Sep 1995 (author's coll.); 2 spec., 19.5 x 7.8 & 17.0 x 7.1 mm, in 7 m, South coast, Cuba; G. Mackintosh! (author's coll.); 1 spec., 18.8 x 7.5 mm, in 12 m, W of Punta Aguila, Puerto Rico; G. Mackintosh!, 22 Apr 2000 (author's coll.); 2 spec., 18.4 x 7.9 & 18.0 x 6.8 mm, in 12 m, W of Punta Aguila, Fajardo, Puerto Rico; G. Mackintosh!, 22 Apr 2000 (author's coll.). Lesser Antilles: 2 spec., 10.8 x 5.1 & 14.8 x 6.7 mm, North of Frederikstad, St Croix, U.S. Virgin Is., G.W. Nowell-Usticke! Feb 1957 (UF 156156); 1 spec., 15.5 x 6.8 mm, 1 mi [1.6 km] N of Frederickstad, St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Is., G.W. Nowell-Usticke! Feb 1959 (AMNH 195463); 1 spec., 17.2 x 7.0 mm, in shallow water, Anse á Plume, Pointe des Château, Guadeloupe, O.K. McCausland! 3 Sep l985 (EFG 21896); The following 8 live-taken specimens collected during the MNHN KARUBENTHOS 2012 expedition off Guadeloupe are tabularized below, including barcode accession numbers for sequenced specimens (others preserved in alcohol):

MNHN Catalog L x W Station Depth Coordinates Genbank accession BOLD accession Number (mm) (m) number number

IM-2012-5992 9.6 x 4.5 GB 22 12 16 °30.60'N, 61°28.50'W Not sequenced

IM-2013-20153 18.0 x 8.0 GM 12 3 16 °12.07'N, 61°30.32'W Not sequenced

Lesser Antilles (cont’d): 11 spec., 18.4 x 7.4, 8.7 x 4.0, 12.3 x 5.7, 13.4 x 5.5, 12.5 x 5.7, 13.1 x 5.8, 12.9 x 5.7, 15.7 x 6.5, 16.1 x 7.1, 17.0 x 7.5 & 19.1 x 8.1 mm, beach collected, Punta Braboe, Aruba; ex coll. A.N. de Man!, Sep–Oct 1964 (author's coll.); 2 spec., 14.9 x 5.7 & 9.4 x 4.0 mm, in 18 m, 0.8 km WNW of Jeremi Beach, Curaçao; R. Masino! (author's coll.); 5 spec., 12.0 x 5.3, 11.4 x 5.4, 12.7 x 5.2, 13.7 x 5.8 & 14.3 x 6.2 mm, in 26 m, Dragon’s Bay, Grenada; G. Mackintosh!, 22 May 1998 (author's coll.); 1 spec., 13.6 x 6.0 mm, in 4.6 m, Dragon Bay, Grenada, O.K. McCausland! 25 Jan 1985 (EFG 21897); 15 spec., 11.6 x 4.6, 10.7 x 4.8, 12.7 x 5.6, 12.6 x 5.4, 13.0 x 5.6, 12.4 x 5.2, 13.0 x 5.5, 11.9 x 5.2, 13.1 x 5.5, 13.5 x 5.6, 10.7 x 4.4, 11.7 x 5.2, 12.2 x 5.4, 13.7 x 5.8 & 13.5 x 5.8 mm, in 5 m, Ronde I., Grenada; G. Mackintosh!, 30 Dec 2006 (author's coll.); 10 spec., 15.0 x 6.5, 14.2 x 6.3, 14.3 x 6.0, 14.0 x 5.9, 13.6 x 6.0, 13.6 x 6.1, 14.6 x 6.0, 13.3 x 5.7, 13.0 x 6.0 & 13.1 x 5.7 mm, in 6 m, Large I., Grenada; G. Mackintosh!, 27 Jan 1997 (author's coll.); 3 spec., 15.5 x 6.8, 12.4 x 5.2 & 11.8 x 5.1 mm, in 9 m, Flamand Bay, Grenada; G. Mackintosh!, 24 Aug 2003 (author's coll.); 5 spec., 14.2 x 6.0, 13.9 x 5.7, 12.2 x 5.0, 12.4 x 5.0 & 11.6 x 4.7 mm, in 10 m, Devil’s Bay, Grenada; G. Mackintosh!, 15 Sep 1996 (author's coll.); 4 spec., 12.4 x 5.3, 9.8 x 4.2, 10.2 x 4.1 & 9.1 x 4.0 mm, outside of St. George's, Grenada; G. Mackintosh! 24 Jun 2003 (author's coll.); 4 spec., 13.5 x 5.7, 12.9 x 5.7, 12.9 x 5.8 & 10.8 x 5.0 mm, in 9 m, NW coast, Carriacou I., Grenada; G. Mackintosh! 19 Dec 2006 (author's coll.); 1 spec., 13.7 x 5.6 mm, in 6 m, Mouillage de Ste. Anne, Martinique; G. Mackintosh!, 27 Apr 2002 (author's coll.); 1 spec., 9.9 x 4.3 mm, 13 m, Trou Jacqueline, W coast, Martinique; G. Mackintosh!, 19 May 2002 (author's coll.); 1 spec., 13.7 x 5.6 mm, in 37 m, 41 m NNE off ship's stern, N coast, Bequia, SVG; R. Masino! (author's coll.); 33 spec., 11.8 x 5.1, 11.5 x 4.9, 10.2 x 4.7, 12.3 x 5.1, 11.0 x 4.8, 10.9 x 4.8, 11.9 x 5.2, 14.1 x 6.1, 13.8 x 6.1, 12.0 x 5.1, 11.8 x 5.2, 11.8 x 5.0, 11.8 x 5.0, 12.9 x 5.2, 12.7 x 5.7, 11.6 x 5.1, 14.1 x 5.8, 10.6 x 4.8, 12.7 x 5.6, 12.0 x 5.3, 12.3 x 5.4, 10.2 x 4.4, 10.6 x 4.6, 10.7 x 5.0, 11.8 x 5.1, 11.8 x 5.0, 12.0 x 4.9, 13.5 x 5.8, 11.4 x 5.0, 11.7 x 5.0, 11.4 x 5.1, 14.0 x 6.0 & 14.9 x 6.2 mm, in 5 m, Dove Cay, Canouan I., SVG; G. Mackintosh!, 6 Jun 2004 (author's coll.); 9 spec., 2 measured: 14.6 & 11 mm, Corbec Bay, Canouan I., SVG; G. Mackintosh!, 6 Dec 2006 (author's coll.); 6 spec., 2 measured: 15.9 & 12.8 mm, Rameau Bay, Canouan I., SVG; G. Mackintosh!, 4 Aug 1996 (author's coll.); 9 spec., 2 measured: 15.7 & 10.7 mm, N Point, Chatham Bay, Union I., SVG; G. Mackintosh!, 16 Apr 2007 (author's coll.); 1 spec., 10.1 mm, Bequia, SVG; G. Mackintosh!, 14 Jun 2004 (author's coll.); 1 spec., 16.1 x 7.1 mm, S side of Norde de Ouest, Mayreau, SVG; G. Mackintosh! 15 Mar 2007 (author's coll.); 2 spec., 12.2 & 11.9 mm, Hillsborough Bay, Carriacou I., SVG; G. Mackintosh! 14 May 2005 (author's coll.); 1 spec., 15.2 mm, Anse Chemin, Bequia, SVG; G. Mackintosh! 9 Sep 2000 (author's coll.); 1 spec., 12 mm, Chatham Bay, Union I., SVG; P. Fallon!, 16 Jun 2007 (author's coll.); 1 spec., 11.7 mm, Chatham Bay reef, Union I., SVG; A. Poremski!, Sep 2010 (author's coll.); 2 spec., 10.6 & 10 mm, below reef at mid-bay, Chatham Bay, Union I., SVG; R. Masino! (author's coll.); 1 spec., 11.7 x 4.9 mm, Little St. James I., U.S. Virgin Is.; G. Mackintosh!, 9 Jul 2000 (author's coll.); 1 spec., 18.5 x 7.6 mm, in 9 m, Little St. James I., U.S. Virgin Is.; G. Mackintosh!, 13 Jul 2000 (author's coll.); 1 spec., 13.4 x 5.4 mm, Little St. James I., U.S. Virgin Is.; G. Mackintosh!, 8 Jul 2000 (author's coll.); 3 spec., 15.2 x 6.6, 15.0 x 6.1 & 15.1 x 6.1 mm, in 8–9 m, Little St. James I., U.S. Virgin Is.; G. Mackintosh! 9–13 Jul 2000 (author's coll.); 1 spec., 16.3 x 6.3 mm, in 7 m, Little St. James I., U.S. Virgin Is.; G. Mackintosh! 18 Jun 1996 (author's coll.); 1 spec., 19.5 x 7.6 mm, in 7 m, Little St. James I., U.S. Virgin Is.; G. Mackintosh!, 18 Jun 1996 (author's coll.); W Caribbean: 1 spec., 16.1 x 6.8 mm, in 9– 12 m, Seadevil Channel, Providence I., Colombia, 13°21'N, 81°21'W, K. Ebel! 13 Oct l998 (EFG 19904); 7 spec., 18.2 x 7.0, 13.1 x 5.8, 13.1 x 5.4, 11.6 x 5.3, 11.5 x 4.9, 11.7 x 4.9 & 11.4 x 4.8 mm, in 4 m, Banco Chinchorro, Quintana Roo, E Mexico; G. Mackintosh! 16 Jul 1992 (author's coll.); 3 spec., 17.9 x 7.7, 14.8 x 6.7 & 13.5 x 5.4 mm, Port Viejo, Juan Joaquin I., Colón, E Panama; G. Mackintosh! 8 Apr 1994 (author's coll.); 3 spec., 22.0 x 9.2, 19.0 x 7.7 & 14.8 x 7.0 mm, off Punta San Blas, E Panama; P. Fallon!, 13 Jun 2003 (author's coll.); 2 spec., 19.7 x 8.1 & 11.7 x 5.2 mm, Coledup, San Blas Is., E Panama; P. Fallon!, 14 Jun 2003 (author's coll.); 1 spec., 11.3 x 5.2 mm, off Punta Gorda graveyard, Roatan I., Honduras; P. Fallon!, 5 Apr 2008 (author's coll.); 1 spec., 18.8 x 7.4 mm, Roatan I., Bay Is., Honduras; M Coltro! Apr 2006 (author's coll.); 1 spec., 19.0 x 8.0 mm, in 12–18 m, West End, Roatan I., Honduras, C. Jackson! 1992 (EFG 12051); 1 spec., 10.4 x 4.8 mm, Trujillo Bay, Honduras; R. Masino! (author's coll.); 1 spec., 11.7 x 5.6 mm, N coast of Roatan I., Honduras; P. Fallon!, 24 Sep 2008 (author's coll.); 3 spec., 11 x 4.9, 8.2 x 4.3 & 9.9 x 4.2 mm, The Labyrinth, Milton Bight, Roatan I., Honduras; P. Fallon!. 6 Apr 2008 (author's coll.); 1 spec., 11.4 x 5.2 mm, Milton Bight, N coast of Roatan I., Honduras; P. Fallon!. 6 Apr 2008 (author's coll.); 1 spec., 8.1 mm, The labyrinth, Milton Bight, Roatan I., Honduras; P. Fallon!, 31 Mar 2008 (author's coll.); 2 spec., 11.4 x 4.9 & 11.2 x 4.9 mm, N coast of Roatan I., Honduras; P. Fallon!, 25 Sep 2008 (author's coll.); 1 spec., 8.9 x 4.2 mm, in 37 m, S coast of Helena I., 4 km E of Roatan I., Bay Is., Honduras; R. Masino! (author's coll.); 3 spec., 15.7 x 6.8, 12.8 x 5.3 & 10.5 x 4.5 mm, "Pretty Bush", 4 km W of Utila Harbor, Utila I., Honduras; R. Masino! (author's coll.); 9 spec., 17.5 x 7.1, 15.0 x 6.1, 16.2 x 6.8, 15.0 x 6.0, 14.4 x 6.0, 13.3 x 5.3, 12.8 x 5.6, 12.6 x 5.2 & 11.1 x 4.7 mm, "Pretty Bush", 4 km W of Utila Harbor, Utila I., Honduras; R. Masino!, 3 Nov 1990 (author's coll.); 1 spec., 19.3 mm, Dixon Cove, Roatan I., Honduras; G. Mackintosh! 24 Jul 1992 (author's coll.); 2 spec., 14.6, 14.1 mm, Cayos Vivorillo, Honduras; G. Mackintosh! 16 Aug 1992 (author's coll.). South America: 1 spec., 18.2 mm, Tayrona Park, bay 2, Colombia; (author's coll.); 1 spec., 11.0 x 4.9 mm, Store Bay, Tobago I., Trinidad & Tobago; P. Fallon!, 8 Nov 1999 (author's coll.); 1 spec., 10.1 x 4.4 mm, 0.4 km ENE of beach, Speyside, Tobago I., Trinidad & Tobago; R. Masino! (author's coll.); 6 spec., 16.4 x 6.6, 15.2 x 6.5, 14.2 x 6.3, 13.1 x 5.6, 12.5 x 4.9 & 10.2 x 5.0 mm, 0.4 km WNW of South Headland, Mt. Irving Bay, Tobago I, Trinidad & Tobago; R. Masino! (author's coll.); 1 spec., 11.2 x 5.0 mm, Store Bay, Tobago I., Trinidad & Tobago; P. Fallon!, 12 Nov 1999 (author's coll.); 2 spec., 8.9 x 4.0 & 9.0 x 3.7 mm, 0.8 km W of Pigeon Pt., Tobago I., Trinidad & Tobago; R. Masino! (author's coll.).

Range and habitat. Widespread. Reports of the occurrence of N. cydia are particularly common in the eastern Caribbean, While apparently uncommon in the Gulf of Mexico, reports from the eastern Bay of Campeche by García (2007a), from off Texas (Stetson Bank; Clay pile) by Odé (1991c), off Louisiana by Garcia & Lee (2002), off Alabama by Shelton (1997), and from off W Florida in ANSP collections dredged by D. Steger, J. Moore, R. Dillon, and T.L. Moise suggest it is nonetheless present throughout the Gulf. A juvenile specimen reported from as far north as South Carolina (ANSP 355319) has been confirmed as this species, but is likely adventitious. Specimens have been reported from as far south as Brazil by several authors (see synonymy list) and if correct would extend its range to Brazil. Neodrillia cydia is the most widespread of all drilliids, found throughout the Caribbean in shallow reefal habitats and in adjoining areas of the Atlantic-South Carolina to as far south as possibly Brazil.

Description. Shell small (to 23.4 mm in total length), fusiform, truncated anteriorly; whorls slightly concave at sulcus, convex below, and altogether about 11, the last approximately 57% of the total length. Shell sculptured with broad ribs crossed by coarse spiral threads; aperture oval, anterior canal short. Protoconch of approximately 2½–2¾ round, smooth whorls, relatively small for the shell, described by Bartsch as “forming an almost mucronate apex”. Axial sculpture of broad, round-crested, usually heavily shouldered ribs, greatly reduced in the sulcus, evanesce on shell base, 6–9 on the penultimate, 4–6 on the last whorl to varix; intercostal space is greater than rib width. Varix large, broad, about ⅓-turn from edge of outer lip. Spiral sculpture of coarse raised threads over the entire shell surface, coarsened by growth striae. Threads are spaced about the same as their width, closer in sulcus. Sulcus concave, with low, evanescent ribs and closely spaced spiral threads, about ¼-whorl height. Outer lip somewhat flattened from varix to edge of lip, with strengthening axial folds near edge; edge forms a low arc from anal sinus to anterior canal; stromboid notch present. Anal sinus a deep U-shaped notch on shoulder of last whorl, adjacent to suture; parietal lobe and outward bend of outer lip at sinal edge cause the sinus to be directed somewhat laterally. Inner lip emarginated, moderately wide, erect anteriorly on canal, recumbent and thinner on parietal wall, and developed into a lobe at the anal sinus. Anterior canal short, open, notched; anterior fasciole not swollen, bearing heavier spiral threads and spaced somewhat wider than on shell base. Color white or off-white. A row of brown spots about mid-whorl, on or near rib crests on most specimens, sometimes very faint. A second row is present on some, or instead of spots, streaks or solid lines.

Remarks. Taxonomy. Neodrillia cydia is the type of the genus. Characteristics separating it from other genera in Drilliidae include a shell microsculpture of raised threads coarsened by growth striae, which are most apparent between the spiral threads. Variability. The average total length of 144 measured specimens is 13.7 mm (3.0– 23.4 mm). Measurements were taken from a mostly biased sample of the larger specimens selected from lots that included some to many smaller individuals with fully developed apertures, including varix and anterior sinus. N. cydia is remarkably uniform given its wide distribution. Variation occurs in shell form, some having more angular shoulders than others; some with narrow versus stout shells, and there may possibly be regional trends such as smaller size, which seems to be the case with specimens from the Lesser Antilles, and even perhaps localized differences in the pattern of brown spiral dashes, as in the case of solid lines in specimens from St. Croix. None of these differences are believed to rise to the level of species. Identification. Neodrillia cydia can be easily distinguished from its congeners by its stout form and from similar-looking species by the coarse spiral threads that cover the shell. It is similar in shape and size to all-white Fenimorea : Fenimorea alba , new species, and Fenimorea nivalis , new species. It differs in possessing fewer ribs, more convex whorl shoulders, and a coarse microsculpture. It is also similar to Bellaspira margaritensis McLean & Poorman, 1970 . It differs from that species chiefly in possessing more angled shoulder whorls and a notched anal sinus.

Figures

PLATE 136. Neodrillia cydia Bartsch, 1943. Upper panel. Figs. 1 – 2: holotype, off Fowey Light, Miami-Dade Co., E Florida (USNM 411099). Fig. 1: ventral, lateral & dorsal views; Fig. 2: apical view, V = varix, L = edge of lower lip. Figs 3 – 6: synonyms of N. cydia. Fig. 3: Neodrillia jamaicensis Bartsch, 1943, holotype, Jamaica (USNM 103394); Fig. 4: Neodrillia encia Bartsch, 1943, holotype, St Thomas (USNM 214261); Fig. 5: Neodrillia antiguensis Bartsch 1943, holotype, Falmouth, Antigua (USNM 516298); Fig. 6: Neodrillia barbadensis Bartsch, 1943, holotype, Barbados (USNM 516302). Lower panel. Figs. 7 – 9: off Jacksonville, Duval Co., E Florida (EFG 10070); Fig. 10: NW of Loggerhead Key, Dry Tortugas, FL Keys (EFG 25503); Figs. 11 – 12: Ewing Bank, Louisiana (EFG 23437); Fig. 13: off SW Curacao, off Gulf Co., W Florida (DMNH 114864); Fig. 14: W of Hernando Co., W Florida (EFG 27547); Figs. 15 – 16: W of Egmont Key, Hillsborough Co., W Florida (EFG 12984); Fig. 17: off Anna Maria I., Manatee Co., W Florida (DMNH 114833); Fig. 18: W of Boca Grande, Charlotte Co., W Florida (EFG 11556); Figs. 19 – 20: Eleuthera I., Bahama Is. (author’s coll.); Fig. 21: Cat Cay, Bimini Is., Bahama Is. (author’s coll.); Fig. 22: Dog Rocks, Cay Sal Bank, Bahama Is. (author’s coll.).

PLATE 137. Neodrillia cydia Bartsch, 1943. Specimens from the Greater and Lesser Antilles, W Caribbean, and northern South America. Figs. 1, 7: Maria La Gorda, Pinar del Rio Prov., Cuba (author’s coll.); Figs. 2 – 3: south coast, Cuba (author’s coll.); Figs. 4 – 6: W of Punta Aguila, Puerto Rico (author’s coll.); Figs. 8 – 9: Little St. James I., St. Thomas, U. S. V. I. (author’s coll.); Figs. 10 – 11: Inodrillia ustickei Hayes, 1959, N of Frederiksted, St. Croix, U. S. V. I.: Fig. 10: lectotype (AMNH 195463); Fig. 11: paralectotype (UF 156156); Fig. 12: Ilet Cochon, Guadeloupe (MNHN IM- 2013 - 20153); Fig. 13: Les 3 arches (Port- Louis), Guadeloupe (MNHN IM- 2013 - 7781); Fig. 14: Anse d'Arlet, Martinique (MNHN ex R. Delannoye coll.); Fig. 15: St. Martin (MNHM ex J. Colomb coll.); Fig. 16: N Point, Chatham Bay, Union I., SVG (author’s coll.); Fig. 17: S side of Norde de Ouest, Mayreau I., SVG (author’s coll.); Fig. 18: Anse Chemin, Bequia I., SVG (author’s coll.); Figs. 19 – 20: Large I., Grenada (author’s coll.); Fig. 21: Mt. Irving Bay, Tobago I. Trinidad & Tobago (author’s coll.); Fig. 22: WNW of Jeremi Beach, Curaçao, Neth. Antilles (author’s coll.); Fig. 23: Punta Braboe, Aruba, Neth. Antilles (author’s coll.); Fig. 24: off Punta San Blas, San Blas Is., Panama (author’s coll.); Fig. 25: Tayrona National Park, Magdalena Dept., Colombia (author’s coll.); Fig. 26: Coledup, San Blas Is., Panama (author’s coll.); Fig. 27: Utila I., Honduras (author’s coll.); Fig. 28: Vivorillo Cays, Bay Is., Honduras (author’s coll.); Fig. 29: Dixon Cove, Roatan I., Bay Is., Honduras (author’s coll.); Fig. 30: Chinchorro Bank, Quintana Roo, Mexico (author’s coll.).