Ooderella

Gibson, Gary A. P., 2017, Revision of world Ooderella Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Eupelmidae), with description of the first males for the genus, Zootaxa 4289 (1), pp. 1-74 : 13-15

Key to species of Ooderella based on females

1. New World..........................................................................................2

- Afrotropical......................................................................................... 15

2(1) Fore wing extending well beyond base of gaster, though usually right-angle bent at level of propodeum and with apical portion as long as basal portion ( Figs 14, 15 ); acropleuron completely bare ( Fig. 17 ); mesoscutum uniformly setose ( Fig. 15 ); syntergum dark with truncate posterior margin and marginal row of setae ( Fig. 18 )................... Ooderella ambigua n. sp.

- Fore wing extending at most slightly beyond posterior margin of propodeum and flat or with only very short apically recurved portion (e.g. Figs 7 , 52 ); acropleuron anteriorly with setae, often as a dense tuft (e.g. Figs 8 , 51 ); mesoscutum usually with dense tuft of setae posteriorly (e.g. Figs 6 , 33 ) and sometimes with similar region of differentiated setae anteriorly (e.g. Figs 50 , 114 ); syntergum sometimes paler apically (e.g. Fig. 9 ), but at least tapered to posteriorly rounded or angulate margin with subapical setae extending only slightly beyond margin (e.g. Figs 44 , 100 ).........................................3

3(2) Head with frons usually entirely sculptured, variably meshlike reticulate-wrinkled to strongly reticulate or rugulose ( Figs 1 , 19 , 28 , 63 ), but at least similarly sculptured to scrobal depression in longitudinal band below anterior ocellus ( Fig. 35 ); ovipositor sheaths often extending conspicuously beyond gastral apex ( Figs 22 , 30 , 38 , 67 )....................................4

- Head with frons shiny and smooth except for setiferous punctures and thus distinctly differentiated from strongly sculptured scrobal depression (e.g. Figs 45 , 72 ); ovipositor sheaths extending only slightly beyond gastral apex (e.g. Figs 49 , 75 )...... 8

4(3) Antenna with at least scape, pedicel and basal four flagellomeres yellow in distinct contrast to more apical darker flagellomeres ( Fig. 23 ); head green ( Figs 19–21 ) in distinct contrast to brownish-yellow mesosoma and gaster ( Fig. 22 ) except gaster almost entirely white ventrally ( Fig. 22 : insert); acropleuron anteriorly ( Fig. 26 ) and mesoscutum posteromedially ( Fig. 24 ) with only a few, inconspicuous white setae not forming dense tufts............................ Ooderella flavida n. sp.

- Antenna entirely dark or at most only pedicel and basal four flagellomeres very slightly paler than scape and more apical flagellomeres ( Fig. 29 ); head less distinctly contrasting in color with darker orangish-brown to dark brown mesosoma and gaster, and gaster ventrally at most paler to white basally, though sometimes also subbasally dorsally ( Figs 4 , 30 , 41 , 67 ); acropleuron ( Figs 8 , 30 , 41 , 70 ) and mesoscutum posteromedially ( Figs 6 , 33 , 40 , 68 ) with distinct, dense tufts of white setae................................................................................................... 5

5(4) Ovipositor sheaths extending only slightly beyond gastral apex ( Fig. 4 ); fore wing disc entirely, extensively setose ( Fig. 7 ); scape mostly yellowish except usually apically ( Fig. 5 ) [Nearctic]......................... Ooderella americana n. sp.

- Ovipositor sheaths extending conspicuously beyond gastral apex ( Figs 30 , 38 , 67 ); fore wing disc variably sparsely but inconspicuously setose ( Figs 32 , 42 , 69 ); scape entirely dark [Neotropical].............................................6

6(5) Frons mostly smooth and shiny except for longitudinal band of reticulate-punctate sculpture below anterior ocellus ( Fig. 35 )............................................................................... Ooderella hyalipleura n. sp.

- Frons entirely, similarly sculptured as scrobal depression ( Figs 28 , 63 )...........................................7

7(6) Body mostly dark brown excluding white regions subbasally on gaster ( Figs 67, 71 ); head with frontovertex quite strongly reticulate-punctate ( Fig. 63 ); antenna entirely dark ( Fig. 66 ); scrobal depression variably distinctly differentiated by slender transverse furrow above each torulus ( Fig. 63 )........................................ Ooderella reticulifrons n. sp.

- Body with head green but mesosoma and gaster orangish to yellowish-brown excluding white regions subbasally on gaster

( Figs 31, 34 ); head with frons and ocellar triangle quite shallowly meshlike reticulate compared to more coarsely reticulate vertex ( Fig. 28 ); antenna with pedicel apically and basal four flagellomeres somewhat paler, more yellowish-brown, than remainder ( Fig. 29 ); scrobal depression differentiated only by transverse, reddish-violaceous luster within scrobes and above interantennal prominence ( Fig. 28 ).................................................... Ooderella hansoni n. sp. 8(3) Fore wing usually extending slightly beyond posterior margin of propodeum ( Figs 52 , 125 ) but at least with distinct membranous part (discal region) beyond submarginal vein ( Fig. 153 ) and its apical-most seta; scrobal depression coriaceous to coriaceous-imbricate ( Figs 45 , 118 , 147 ); pronotum with anterolateral corners prolonged into conspicuous tubercle- or cone-like angulations ( Figs 47 , 124 , 152 ); tegula with numerous dark setae forming obvious, dense tuft along inner margin apically ( Figs 51 , 126 , 155 ).........................................................................................9

- Fore wing in non-contorted individual extending only to about level of propodeal spiracle (e.g. Figs 60 , 78 ) and with submarginal vein extending to or near apical margin such that without distinct membranous region beyond vein and usually with long, apical-most seta on vein extending distinctly beyond apical margin of wing; scrobal depression reticulate to reticulate-rugulose (e.g. Figs 54 , 90 ); pronotum with anterolateral corners usually almost right-angled (e.g. Figs 56 , 77 ); tegula with long dark setae, sometimes even as denser region along inner margin apically, but not as distinct tuft-like region................. 11

9(8) Fore wing extending posteriorly only to about mid-length of propodeum ( Fig. 153 ); setae forming tegular tuft comparatively short, only about as long as width of tegula ( Fig. 155 )..................................... Ooderella thegalea n. sp.

- Fore wing extending slightly beyond posterior margin of propodeum ( Figs 52 , 125 ); setae forming tegular tuft sometimes obviously longer than width of tegula ( Figs 121, 126 )...........................................................10

10(9) Tegula with setal tuft conspicuously long, obviously longer than width of tegula ( Figs 121, 126 ); legs with protrochanter and mesotibia basally pale ( Fig. 121 )................................................. Ooderella spinositegula n. sp.

- Tegula with setal tuft comparatively short, only about as long as width of tegula ( Figs 49, 51 ); legs with protrochanter and mesotibia basally dark ( Fig. 49 ).................................................. Ooderella melanosceles n. sp.

11(8) Fore wing disc setose ( Fig. 78 ); mesoscutum with posterior setal region apical, the setae extending to posterior margin of sclerite ( Fig. 77 ); scape slender, only slightly broader basally than apically and with dorsal and ventral margins subparallel ( Fig. 76 ).................................................................................. Ooderella setosa n. sp.

- Fore wing disc bare (e.g. Fig. 97 ); mesoscutum with posterior setal region sometimes mesal to subapical, the posterior-most setae then distinctly separated from posterior margin of sclerite ( Figs 59 , 95, 96 , 114 , 143 ); scape sometimes obviously wider basally than apically because ventral margin distinctly sinuate ( Fig. 139 ).........................................12

12(11) Head often with lighter-colored (cf. Fig. 157 ) but at least slightly angulate ocellocular marks ( Fig. 92 ); mesoscutum at least without distinct region(s) of white lanceolate setae anteriorly, and posteriorly with posterior-most setae of setal region distinctly separated from posterior margin of mesoscutum by distance at least equal to width of setal region ( Figs 95, 96 ); fore wing disc comparatively wide, about 3× as wide as width of costal cell ( Fig. 97 ); mesopectus more or less uniformly setose with setae sometimes continuous to acropleural setal tuft, but at least with setae along acropleural sulcus conspicuously longer, at least 3× as long as other shorter setae ( Fig. 98 )...................................... Ooderella smithii Ashmead

- Head uniformly colored and smoothly convex between posterior ocellus and inner orbit ( Figs 56 , 111 , 138 ); mesoscutum anteriorly usually with quite obvious region(s) of differentiated white lanceolate setae on either side of midline ( Figs 114 , 143 ), and posterior setal region extending to posterior margin or separated by distance less than width of setal region ( Figs 59 , 114 , 14 3 ); fore wing disc narrower, usually only about 2× width of costal cell ( Figs 60 , 115 , 144 ); mesopectus variably setose, sometimes with setae along acropleural sulcus not differentiated in length from other setae, but at least shorter, at most about 2× as long as other setae ( Figs 61 , 116 , 145 ).......................................................................... 13

13(12) Gaster dark brown except white ventrobasally ( Figs 112, 117 ); labial and maxillary palps brown ( Figs 110, 113 ); front leg with trochanter brownish, not distinctly contrasting with procoxa or profemur, and both meso- and metacoxae dark brown; mesopectus with dense region of overlapping white lanceolate setae forming reflective patch below acropleural tuft ( Fig. 116 )................................................................................. Ooderella speculifrons n. sp.

- Gaster entirely orangish-brown to dark brown ( Figs 57, 62 , 140, 146 ); labial and maxillary palps yellowish to white ( Figs 58 , 142 ); front leg with trochanter yellowish to white and distinctly contrasting with procoxa and profemur, and meso- and metacoxae at least partly pale to partly orangish-brown; mesopectus with comparatively sparse region of slender white lanceolate setae below and sometimes anterior to acropleural tuft, with cuticle clearly visible between setae ( Figs 61 , 145 )..........14

14(13) Mesoscutum anteriorly without differentiated region of white setae, and posterior setal region subapical, the posterior-most setae distinctly separated from posterior margin ( Fig. 59 ); scape similarly brownish as flagellum and tubular, subequally wide throughout ( Fig. 58 ); scrobal depression with dorsal margin somewhat bell-shaped, angularly O-like medially and sinuately recurved to inner orbit about midway to torulus ( Fig. 54 ), and separated from anterior ocellus by distance similar to LOL and POL ( Fig. 56 ).................................................................. Ooderella microptera n. sp.

- Mesoscutum with differentiated region of white setae anteriorly, and posterior setal region apical, the setae extending to or almost to posterior margin of sclerite ( Fig. 143 ); scape yellow except ventrobasally and distinctly broader basally than apically because of sinuate ventral margin ( Fig. 139 ); scrobal depression with dorsal margin broadly arched between inner orbits ( Fig. 137 ) and separated from anterior ocellus by distance distinctly greater than either LOL or POL ( Fig. 138 )............................................................................................... Ooderella stenoptera n. sp.

15(1) Ovipositor sheaths extending conspicuously beyond gastral apex by distance greater than half length of metatibia ( Fig. 177 ); fore wing membrane virtually bare behind/beyond venation ( Fig. 183 )..................... Ooderella gymnosoma n. sp.

- Ovipositor sheaths extending only slightly beyond gastral apex ( Figs 158 , 168 , 187 , 197 ); fore wing membrane densely setose behind/beyond venation ( Figs 162 , 171 , 190 , 199 )...........................................................16

16(15) Propodeum long, medial length about 3× that of metanotum, and with complete median carina ( Fig. 190 )............................................................................................... Ooderella kenyaensis n. sp.

- Propodeum much shorter, medial length less than 2× that of metanotum, and with at most very short, inconspicuous median carina anteriorly ( Figs 162 , 171 , 202 )..................................................................... 17

17(16) Antenna with scape strongly compressed ( Figs 194, 198 ) and flagellum usually bicolored with at least fl4 and often fl3–fl5 yellowish ( Fig. 198 ); fore wing elongate-spatulate, about 3× as long as wide, with venation extending virtually to anteroapical margin of wing ( Fig. 199 ); mesoscutum with lateral lobes carinately angled over at least posterior half and strongly reticulate only within anterior half or less ( Fig. 201 ); pronotum usually with neck conspicuously more densely setose with dark setae than collar.................................................................... Ooderella platyscapus n. sp.

- Antenna with scape slender with slightly sinuous ventral margin so to be only slightly wider subbasally than apically, and flagellum entirely dark ( Figs 159 , 169 ); fore wing only about 2× as long as wide and venation extending at most about 0.75× length such that with distinct membranous region beyond vein ( Figs 162 , 171 ); mesoscutum with lateral lobes carinately angled only over about posterior third or less and much more extensively meshlike reticulate anteriorly ( Figs 161 , 170 ); pronotum with collar and neck similarly, comparatively inconspicuously setose........................................18

18(17) Head with frons smooth and shiny or at most with subeffaced meshlike coriaceous sculpture except for setiferous pits ( Fig. 165 ), but at least much smoother than scrobes or vertex; scape brown to dark brown ( Fig. 169 ).... Ooderella capensis n. sp.

- Head with frons shallowly meshlike reticulate ( Figs 156, 157 ); scape yellow ( Fig. 159 )......... Ooderella botswanae n. sp.

Figures

FIGURES 10 – 18. Ooderella ambigua n. sp. ♀. 10 & 11, head: 10, frontolateral (2016 - 77); 11, lateral (holotype). 12, head and pronotum, dorsal (holotype). 13, antenna [insert: mandibles] (2016 - 78). 14 & 15, holotype: 14, lateral habitus; 15, mesosoma, dorsolateral. 16 – 18, 2016 - 77: 16, propodeum, dorsal; 17, mesosoma, lateral; 18, gaster, dorsal [insert: syntergum, dorsal].

FIGURES 1 – 9. Ooderella americana n. sp. ♀. 1 & 2, head: 1, frontolateral (2016 - 79); 2, lateral (holotype). 3, head and pronotum, dorsal (2016 - 79). 4 – 7, holotype: 4, lateral habitus; 5, antenna [insert: mandibles]; 6, pronotum and mesoscutum; 7, scutellar-axillar complex to propodeum plus wings. 8, mesosoma, lateral (2016 - 79). 9, gaster, dorsal (holotype).

FIGURES 45 – 53. Ooderella melanosceles n. sp. ♀. 45 & 46, head (2016 - 83): 45, frontolateral; 46, lateral. 47, head and pronotum, dorsal (holotype). 48, antenna (2016 - 83). 49 – 53, holotype: 49, lateral habitus; 50, pronotum and mesoscutum; 51, mesosoma, lateral; 52, scutellar-axillar complex to propodeum plus wings; 53, gaster, dorsal.

FIGURES 28 – 34. Ooderella hansoni n. sp., holotype ♀: 28, head, frontolateral; 29, antenna and head, dorsolateral [insert: head, lateral]; 30, lateral habitus; 31, dorsal habitus; 32, scutellar-axillar complex to propodeum plus wings; 33, pronotum and mesoscutum; 34, gaster, dorsal.

FIGURES 110 – 117. Ooderella speculifrons n. sp., holotype ♀: 110, head, frontolateral; 111, head and pronotum, dorsal; 112, lateral habitus; 113, antenna [insert: mandibles]; 114, pronotum and mesoscutum; 115, axillar complex to propodeum plus wings; 116, mesosoma, lateral; 117, gaster, dorsolateral.

FIGURES 35 – 44. Ooderella hyalipleura n. sp. ♀. 35 & 36, head: 35, frontal (holotype); 36, lateral (2016 - 82). 37, head and pronotum, dorsal (2016 - 82). 38, lateral habitus (holotype). 39 & 40, 2016 - 82: 39, antenna; 40, mesoscutum to propodeum. 41, mesosoma, lateral (holotype). 42 – 44, 2016 - 82: 42, fore wing; 43, gaster, dorsal; 44, syntergum, dorsal.

FIGURES 99 – 100. Ooderella smithii Ashmead ♀. 99, antenna [insert: mandibles (2016 - 88)]. 100, gaster [insert: syntergum], dorsal (2016 - 87).

FIGURES 19 – 27. Ooderella flavida n. sp., holotype ♀: 19, head, frontolateral; 20; head, lateral; 21, head and pronotum, dorsal; 22, lateral habitus [insert: gaster, lateral (2016 - 81)]; 23, antenna [insert: mandibles]; 24, pronotum and mesoscutum; 25, scutellar-axillar complex to propodeum plus wings; 26, mesosoma, lateral; 27, gaster, dorsal

FIGURES 63 – 71. Ooderella reticulifrons n. sp., holotype ♀: 63, head, frontal; 64, head, lateral; 65, head and pronotum, dorsal; 66, antenna; 67, lateral habitus; 68, pronotum and mesoscutum; 69, scutellar-axillar complex to propodeum plus wings; 70, mesosoma, lateral; 71, gaster [insert: syntergum], dorsal.

FIGURES 72 – 80. Ooderella setosa n. sp. ♀. 72, head, frontal (holotype); 73 – 75, 2016 - 84: 73, head, lateral; 74, head and pronotum, dorsal; 75, lateral habitus. 76, antenna (holotype) [insert: mandibles (2016 - 85)]. 77, pronotum and mesoscutum (2016 - 84). 78, scutellar-axillar complex to propodeum plus wings (holotype). 79, mesosoma, lateral (2016 - 84). 80, gaster, dorsal (holotype).

FIGURES 118 – 127. Ooderella spinositegula n. sp. ♀. 118 & 119, head, holotype: 118, frontal; 119, lateral. 120, head and pronotum, dorsal (2016 - 89). 121, lateral habitus (holotype). 122 & 123, 2026 - 91: 122, antenna; 123, mandibles. 124 & 125, 2016 - 89: 124, pronotum and mesoscutum; 125, scutellar-axillar complex to propodeum plus wings. 126, mesosoma, lateral (2016 - 90). 127, gaster, dorsal (holotype).

FIGURES 147 – 155. Ooderella thegalea n. sp., holotype ♀: 147, head, frontal; 148, head and scape, lateral; 149, head and pronotum, dorsal; 150, antenna; 151 gaster, dorsal; 152, pronotum and mesoscutum; 153, scutellar-axillar complex to propodeum plus wings; 154, mesosoma, lateral; 155, mesosoma, lateral.

FIGURES 54 – 62. Ooderella microptera n. sp., holotype ♀: 54, head, frontal; 55, head, lateral; 56, head and pronotum, dorsal; 57, lateral habitus; 58, antenna [insert: mandibles]; 59, pronotum and mesoscutum; 60, scutellar-axillar complex to propodeum plus wings; 61, mesosoma, lateral; 62, gaster, dorsal.

FIGURES 90 – 98. Ooderella smithii Ashmead ♀. 90 – 93, 2016 - 86: 90, head, frontal; 91, head, lateral; 92, head and pronotum, dorsal; 93, lateral habitus. 94, lateral habitus (2015 - 4). 95, pronotum and mesoscutum (2016 - 86). 96 & 97, 2015 - 4: 96, pronotum and mesoscutum; 97, scutellar-axillar complex to propodeum plus wings. 98, mesosoma, lateral (2016 - 86).

FIGURES 137 – 146. Ooderella stenoptera n. sp., holotype ♀: 137, head, frontal; 138, head, dorsal; 139, scape, outer surface; 140, lateral habitus; 141, antenna; 142, mandibles; 143, pronotum and mesoscutum; 144, axillar complex to propodeum plus wings; 145, mesosoma, lateral; 146, gaster, dorsal.

FIGURES 156 – 164. Ooderella botswanae n. sp. ♀. 156, head, frontal (2016 - 92). 157 – 160, holotype: 157, head and pronotum, dorsal; 158, lateral habitus; 159, antenna; 160, mandibles. 161, pronotum and mesoscutum (2016 - 92). 162 – 164, holotype: 162, scutellar-axillar complex to propodeum plus wings; 163, mesosoma, lateral; 164, gaster [insert: syntergum], dorsal.

FIGURES 174 – 184. Ooderella gymnosoma n. sp., holotype, ♀: 174, head, frontal; 175, head, lateral; 176, head and pronotum, dorsal; 177, lateral habitus; 178, antenna; 179, mandibles; 180, pronotum and mesoscutum; 181, mesosoma, lateral; 182, gaster, dorsal; 183, scutellar-axillar complex to propodeum plus wings; 184, syntergum, posterolateral.

FIGURES 165 – 173. Ooderella capensis n. sp. ♀. 165, head, frontal (2016 - 94). 166 – 173, 2016 - 93: 166, head, lateral; 167, head and pronotum, dorsal; 168, lateral habitus; 169, antenna [insert: mandibles (2016 - 94)]; 170, pronotum and mesoscutum; 171, scutellar-axillar complex to propodeum plus wings; 172, mesosoma, lateral; 173, gaster, dorsal.

FIGURES 185 – 193. Ooderella kenyaensis n. sp. ♀. 185 – 188, holotype: 185, head, frontal; 186, head and pronotum, dorsal; 187, lateral habitus; 188, mesosoma, dorsal. 189 – 192, 2016 - 95: 189, pronotum and mesoscutum; 190, scutellar-axillar complex to propodeum plus wings; 191, antenna; 192, mandibles. 193, gaster [insert: syntergum], dorsal (holotype).

FIGURES 194 – 204. Ooderella platyscapus n. sp. ♀. 194, head, frontal (2016 - 96). 195, head, lateral (holotype). 196, head and pronotum, dorsal (2016 - 96). 197, lateral habitus (2015 - 5). 198, antenna (2016 - 97). 199, fore wing (2015 - 5). 200, mandibles (2016 - 98). 201 & 202, 2016 - 96: 201, pronotum and mesoscutum; 202, scutellar-axillar complex to propodeum plus wings. 203, mesosoma, lateral (2016 - 98). 204, gaster, dorsal (2016 - 96) [insert: syntergum, lateral (holotype)].