Cincticostella insolta ( Allen, 1971 )

Martynov, Alexander V., Selvakumar, C., Subramanian, K. A., Sivaramakrishnan, K. G., Chandra, Kailash, Palatov, Dmitry M., Sinha, Bikramjit & Jacobus, Luke M., 2019, Review of the Cincticostella insolta (Allen, 1971) complex (Ephemeroptera: Ephemerellidae), with description of three new species from northern India and Nepal, Zootaxa 4551 (2), pp. 147-179 : 170-172

Cincticostella insolta ( Allen, 1971)

( Figs 119–146 )

Ephemerella (Cincticostella) insolta Allen, 1971: 515 –516, 519

Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from other Cincticostella species by the following combination of characters: (i) genae moderately developed ( Fig. 120 ); (ii) anterolateral angles of pronotum with projections directed forward and laterally, posterolateral angles of pronotum with projections directed backward and laterally ( Figs 119, 122 ); (iii) anterolateral projections of mesothorax notched ( Figs 119, 121, 122 ); (iv) inner margin of forefemur bears 1–3 large chalazae and outer margin 1–5 small chalazae ( Figs 119 , 133, 136 ); (v) dorsal surface of forefemur with up to 4 knob-like projections or chalazae, each bearing a stout seta ( Fig. 139 ); (vi) mid- and hindfemora moderately flattened ( Figs 134, 135, 137, 138 ); (vii) inner and outer margins of mid- and hindfemora with serration (with greater development on inner margin) ( Figs 134, 135, 137, 138 ); (viii) middle femur with moderate, apical projection ( Figs 134, 137 ); (ix) paired abdominal tergal projections without bifurcation ( Fig. 132 ); (x) posterolateral projections of abdominal segment IX narrow and pressed against segment X ( Figs 119 , 132 ); (xi) claws each with 3–5 denticles, one of them distinctly larger ( Figs 140–142 ).

Distribution. Northern Thailand ( Allen 1971, Jacobus & McCafferty 2008, Ogden et al. 2009, new data), mainland China ( Xie et al. 2009), Nepal (new data) and northern India (new data) ( Fig. 153 ).

Habitat. Cold, fast-flowing streams and rivers. Larvae appear to prefer pebbles, detritus, leaf litter and roots as substrate.

Remarks. The serration of femora appears to be variable. The inner margin of the forefemur bears 1–3 large chalazae ( Figs 119 , 133, 136, 139 herein; Allen 1971: fig. 12). Serration of the mid- and hindfemora of our specimens from India and Nepal is less developed than in most specimens from Thailand ( Figs 134, 135, 137, 138 ), but some specimens from Thailand also have the lesser developed serration. All other characters appear to be relatively consistent both between and among populations. Allen (1971) indicated “maxillary palpi absent or reduced to a single segment” (see Allen 1971: fig. 4) for this species. However, we note that all newly reported larvae collected near the type locality and paratypes examined have developed, 3-segmented, maxillary palps ( Figs 129, 130 ), as in other known representatives of this species complex. The same observation was made for specimens from Nepal and India.

Adult stages are unknown. This species is recorded by us for the first time for India and Nepal.

Type material examined. PARATYPES: THAILAND: 9 larvae, Chiengmai Province , small stream and waterfalls, Doi Sutep, west of Chiengmai, 2-XII-1964, W.L. & J.G. Peters— PERC-0064028, PERC-0064029.

Other material examined. INDIA : 12 larvae, Uttarakhand, Almora District, 2-nd left tributary of the river Ramganga-left (in Dwarahat forest , 10.1 km North-Eastwards of the Chaukhutia town ), 29.925608 N, 79.445983 E, h ~ 1200 m a.s.l., 2-II-2011, D.M. Palatov— IN Indi 1 Cinins; 5 larvae, Uttarakhand, Nainital district, Garkkhetgatkhera River (opposite to the Duniakhan pass), 29.450797 N, 79.374053 E, h ~ 1350 m a.s.l., 22-I-2013, M.V. Chertoprud— IN Indi 3 Cinins . NEPAL: 3 larvae (one larva in slide number 663), Bagmati zone, Kavrepalanchok District. Chandeswori Khola River (1.5 km North-Eastwards of the Banepa village ), 27.642333 N, 85.544033 E, h ~ 1500 m a.s.l., 5-III-2007, M.V. Chertoprud—IN Nepa 11 Cinins . THAILAND: 2 larvae, Chiang Mai Province, Chom Thong District, stream—left tributary of the Klang Phat River, 1 km above highway of Doi Inthanon National Park ), 18.558022 N, 98.557031 E, h ~ 1130 m a.s.l., 17-XI-2009, D.M. Palatov and M.V. Chertoprud—IN Thai 5 Cinins; 1 larva, Chiang Mai Province, Chom Thong District , Klang River below mouth of the Si Ri Phum River , 18.537686 N, 98.526939 E, h ~ 1250 m a.s.l., 21-XI-2009, D.M. Palatov and M.V. Chertoprud M.V.— IN Thai 7 Cinins ; 3 larvae, Chiang Mai Province, Chom Thong District, stream—main source of the Klang Phat River, 18.577542 N, 98.527056 E, h ~ 1370 m a.s.l., 18-XI-2009, D.M. Palatov and M.V. Chertoprud—IN Thai 10 Cinins; 1 larva (slide number 664), Chiang Mai Province, Chom Thong District , river flows through the Siriphum Botanic garden, 18.546739 N, 98.514842 E, h ~ 1340 m a.s.l., 19-XI-2009, D.M. Palatov and M.V. Chertoprud—IN Thai 21 Cinins .

Figures

FIGURE 153. Map of distribution of the Cincticostella insolta complex representatives: a.—Cincticostella richardi sp. nov.; b.—Cincticostella sivaramakrishnani sp. nov.; c.—Cincticostella ranga sp. nov.; d.—Cincticostella bifurcata Xie, Jia, Chen, Jacobus & Zhou, 2008; e.—Cincticostella insolta (Allen, 1971); f.—Cincticostella braaschi Jacobus & McCafferty, 2008; g.— Cincticostella femorata (Tshernova, 1972). Note: Distributions of C. insolta and C. femorata in mainland China mentioned by Xie et al. 2009 could not be given on the map, due to insufficient data.

FIGURES 119–124. Larva of Cincticostella insolta (Allen, 1971) from Thailand: 119.—dorsal habitus; 120.—head; 121.— projection of mesothorax; 122.—dorsal view of thorax 123, 124.—anterolateral projections of pronotum. Scale bar: 119– 122.—1.0 mm; 123, 124.—0.5 mm.

FIGURES 125–131. Larva of Cincticostella insolta (Allen, 1971) from Thailand: 125, 126.—mandibles; 127.—labrum; 128.—hypopharynx; 129.—maxillary palp; 130.—apical part of maxilla; 131.—labium. Scale bar: 125–128, 131.—0.5 mm; 129.—0.1 mm; 130.—0.25 mm.

FIGURES 132–146. Larvae of Cincticostella insolta (Allen, 1971) from Thailand (132–135, 139) and Nepal (136–138, 140– 146): 132.—abdominal terga, dorsal view; 133, 136.—forefemur; 134, 137.—middle femur; 135, 138.—hind femur; 139.—dorsal surface with knob and inner margin of forefemur; 140–142.—claws; 143–146.—gills III–VI. Scale bar: 132–138.—1.0 mm; 139.—0.1 mm; 140–142.—0.25; 143–146.—0.5 mm.