Bemisia

Gill, Raymond, 2012, A preliminary report on the World species of Bemisia Quaintance and Baker and its congeners (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) with a comparative analysis of morphological variation and its role in the recognition of species Raymond Gill, Insecta Mundi 2012 (219), pp. 1-99 : 5-6

Bemisia by David and Dubey 2009), but due to the type of dorsal wax production in the puparial stage,

they are included here only at an intermediate group level. There is some morphological and molecular evidence to suggest that the afer group could be removed from Bemisia and elevated to generic rank,

but, there are intermediates between the tabaci and afer complexes. This is true also with Bemisia in general and other genera that are similar morphologically. Only Sampson (Sampson 1943; Sampson and Drews 1956) has attempted to develop a key to the World genera, but it is mostly inadequate for separating genera. Nevertheless, the Sampson keys do utilize certain morphological characters that have been important over the years in generic placement of many whitefly species, particularly characteristics of the vasiform orifice and associated structures. Characteristics that are currently shared by most Bemisia species involve the construction of the vasiform orifice, in which the shape is roughly triangular or chordate, often narrow and long. The operculum does not fill the entire orifice cavity, and nearly half of the length of the lingula extends beyond the posterior margin of the operculum.

The vasiform orifice is shallow at the posterior end and appears to be “open” posteriorly and is usually filled with transverse ridges across the floor of the cavity. In morphologically similar genera, such as