Paraphlebia kukulkan Jocque & Ortega-Salas, 2022

Ortega-Salas, Héctor, González-Soriano, Enrique & Jocque, Merlijn, 2022, Untangling the waterfall damsels: a review of the Mesoamerican genus Paraphlebia Selys in Hagen, 1861 (Odonata: Thaumatoneuridae) with descriptions of 11 new species, Zootaxa 5089 (1), pp. 1-66 : 23-24

Paraphlebia kukulkan Jocque & Ortega-Salas sp. nov.

Figs. 13 (head ♂), 31 (thorax ♂), 48, 61 (wings ♂), 66, 93 (appendages ♂), 112 (posterior lobe of prothorax ♂), 151 (map).

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4144AAF9-0AB3-44B7-B464-92F8EC014FDE

Holotype. HONDURAS • 1 ♂; Cortés, San Pedro Sula, Parque Nacional Cusuco (4); 15.4844°N, 88.2294°W; 1250 m; 19 Jun 2011; M. Jocque leg.; IBUNAM; IBUNAM:CNIN:OD22991.

Paratypes. HONDURAS • 1 ♂; Cortés, San Pedro Sula, Base camp, Tr 1, CNP; 15.5043°N, 88.2136°W; 1638 m; 29 Jun 2013; RBINS; BINCO_HON_13_034 • same data but 1 ♂; Base camp, Tr 3, CNP; 15.4848°N, 88.2096°W; 1398 m; BINCO_HON_13_033 • same data but 1 ♂; Basecamp, TR 1, CNP; 15.4939°N, 88.2137°W; 1619 m; 11 Jun 2014; BINCO_HON_14_067 • same data but 1 ♀ • same data but 1 ♂; 15.5021°N, 88.2123°W; 1382 m; 20 Jun 2014; BINCO_HON_14_068 • same data but 1 ♂; 15.497°N, 88.2133°W; 1464 m; BINCO_HON_14_069 • same data but 1 ♂; 15.4971°N, 88.2122°W; 1601 m; 29 Jun 2014; M. Van Roie leg.; BINCO_HON_14_083 • same data but 1 ♂; 24 Jul 2014; BINCO_HON_14_089 • same data but 1 ♂; Basecamp, Tr 1, CNP; 15.4997°N, 88.2146°W; 1621 m; 6 Jun 2017; M. Jocque leg.; BINCO_HON_17_006 • same data but 1 ♂; Cantiles camp, Tr 4, CNP; 15.5124°N, 88.2396°W; 1860 m; 7 Jul 2013; W. Stock leg.; BINCO_HON_13_035 • same data but 2 ♂♂; Cantiles camp, Tr 5, CNP; 15.521°N, 88.2457°W; 1907 m; 20 Jun 2013; M. Jocque leg.; BINCO_HON_13_ 030 • same data but 5 ♂♂ 1 ♀; 15.5109°N, 88.2418°W; 1774 m; BINCO_HON_13_032 • same data but 5 ♂♂; 15.504°N, 88.2105°W; 1811 m; 21 Jun 2014; BINCO_HON_14_070- BINCO_HON_14_074 • same data but 2 ♂♂; 27 Jun 2014; BINCO_HON_14_075 • same data but 2 ♂♂; 15.5133°N, 88.2417°W; 1724 m; 9 Jun 2017; BINCO_HON_17_004- BINCO_HON_17_005 • same data but 1 ♂; Cantilles camp, CNP; 15.5134°N, 88.2417°W; 1846 m; 10 Jul 2009; RG; BINCO_HON_09_020 • same data but 2 ♂♂; 15 Jul 2009; BINCO_HON_09_027- BINCO_HON_09_028 • same data but 2 ♀♀ • same data but 1 ♂; 18 Jun 2013; RBINS; BINCO_HON_13_029 • same data but 1 ♂; Cantilles camp, Tr 5, CNP; 15.5206°N, 88.2452°W; 1916 m; 23 Jun 2012; BINCO_HON_12_ 040 • same data but 5 ♂♂; 15.521°N, 88.2457°W; 1907 m; 20 Jun 2013; BINCO_HON_13_031 • same data but 1 ♂; 15.5133°N, 88.2417°W; 1724 m; 4 Aug 2013; BINCO_HON_13_037 • same data but 6 ♂♂; Capuca camp, Tr 2, CNP; 15.5089°N, 88.2169°W; 1781 m; 17 Jun 2016; BINCO_HON_16_007- BINCO_HON_16_009 • same data but 1 ♂; Cortecito camp, CNP; 15.5218°N, 88.2884°W; 1363 m; 30 Jul 2009; RG; BINCO_HON_09_021 • same data but 1 ♂; Cortecito camp, Tr 3, CNP; 15.5198°N, 88.2858°W; 1516 m; 17 Jul 2012; I. Argueta leg.; RBINS; BINCO_HON_12_039 • same data but 1 ♂; Cortecito camp, Tr 4, CNP; 15.5119°N, 88.2859°W; 1605 m; 14 Jul 2013; W. Stock leg.; BINCO_HON_13_036 • same data but 1 ♂; Cortecito camp, Tr 5, CNP; 15.521°N, 88.2457°W; 1907 m; 16 Jul 2012; I. Argueta leg.; BINCO_HON_12_038 • same data but 7 ♂♂; Cortecito , CNP; 15.5219°N, 88.2935°W; 1282 m; 16 Jul 2015; S. Jones, L. Geeraert & M. Jocque leg.; BINCO_HON_15_037, BINCO_HON_15_039 BINCO_HON_15_041 • same data but 2 ♂♂; 15.5221°N, 88.2911°W; 1297 m; BINCO_ HON_15_038 • same data but 5 ♂♂; 15.5223°N, 88.2845°W; 1419 m; 19 Jul 2015; L. Geeraert & M. Jocque leg.; BINCO_HON_15_042 to 045 • same data but 1 ♂; Cortecito, Tr 2, CNP; 15.524°N, 88.2874°W; 1394 m; 20 Jul 2014; M. Van Roie leg.; BINCO_HON_14_085 • same data but 1 ♂; 15.5239°N, 88.2833°W; 1466 m; BINCO_ HON_14_086 • same data but 1 ♀; 15.5239°N, 88.2891°W; 1386 m; BINCO_HON_14_087 • same data but 1 ♂; 15.5239°N, 88.2833°W; 1466 m; BINCO_HON_14_088 • same data but 1 ♀; 4 Jul 2015; S. Jones leg.; BINCO_ HON_15_030 • same data but 2 ♂♂; 15.5225°N, 88.2815°W; 1322 m; 14 Jul 2015; L. Geeraert & M. Jocque leg.; BINCO_HON_15_032 • same data but 1 ♂; 15.5233°N, 88.2811°W; 1309 m; BINCO_HON_15_033 • same data but 2 ♂♂; 15.5225°N, 88.2815°W; 1322 m; BINCO_HON_15_034 • same data but 4 ♂♂; Cortecito, Tr 3, CNP; 15.5158°N, 88.2865°W; 1570 m; 11 Jul 2015; BINCO_HON_15_031 BINCO_HON_15_032 • same data but 1 ♂ 4 ♀♀; 15.5219°N, 88.2901°W; 1319 m; 15 Jul 2015; BINCO_HON_15_035 BINCO_HON_15_036 • same data but 1 ♀; El Danto camp, CNP; 15.5282°N, 88.2777°W; 1566 m; 3 Jul 2009; M. Jocque leg.; RG; BINCO_HON_09_ 025 • same data but 1 ♂; El Danto camp, Tr 1, CNP; 15.5301°N, 88.2765°W; 1549 m; 2 Jul 2009; M. Jocque leg.; BINCO_HON_09_026 • same data but 1 ♀; 3 Jul 2009; BINCO_HON_09_023- BINCO_HON_09_024 • same data but larvae, exuviae • same data but 1 ♀; 7 Jul 2009; BINCO_HON_09_022 • same data but 1 ♂; El Danto, CNP; 15.504°N, 88.2105°W; 1461 m; 27 Jun 2014; RBINS; BINCO_HON_14_076 • same data but 2 ♀♀; El Danto, Tr 1, CNP; 15.5296°N, 88.2766°W; 1456 m; 31 Jun 2015; BINCO_HON_15_046 to 049 • same data but 5 ♂♂ • same data but 1 ♂; 15.5304°N, 88.2764°W; 1507 m; BINCO_HON_15_050 • same data but 1 ♀; El Danto, Tr4, CNP; 15.5279°N, 88.2774°W; 1543 m; 28 Jun 2014; BINCO_HON_14_077 • same data but 1 ♂ ; 15.5359°N, 88.2854°W; 1481 m; BINCO_HON_14_078 • same data but 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ; BINCO_HON_14_079 • same data but 2 ♂♂ ; BINCO_ HON_14_080 • same data but 1 ♂ ; 15.5366°N, 88.2846°W; 1463 m; BINCO_HON_14_081 • same data but 1 ♂ ; BINCO_HON_14_082 • same data but 1 ♂ ; Guanales camp, CNP; 15.4885°N, 88.2341°W; 1316 m; 29 Jun 2012; BINCO_HON_12_037 • same data but 1 ♂ ; Las Torres, CNP; 0°N, 0°E; m; 3 Aug 2014; BINCO_HON_14_090 • same data but 2 ♂♂ ; CNP; 15.5243°N, 88.2661°W; 1444 m; 29 Jun 2014; BINCO_HON_14_084 • same data but 1 ♂ ; Parque Nacional Cusuco (3); 15.4844°N, 88.2294°W; 1250 m; 29 Jun 2012; IBUNAM; IBUNAM:CNIN: OD22990 • same data but 1 ♂ ; Parque Nacional Cusuco (5); 23 Jun 2012; IBUNAM:CNIN:OD22992

Etymology. Named kukulkan /kukulˈkɑn/ (L. noun in apposition), after K’uk’ulkan (also Kukulkán or Kukulcan), the Mayan version of Quetzalcoatl, the Aztec feathered serpent deity.

Description of holotype

Head. Chiefly black, labrum dark glossy blue, anteclypeus pale medially, becoming black laterally, postclypeus pale with a black medial spot of about one-third the clypeus length, maxillae with pale spots on ventral margin, frons pale laterally and on ventral margin, vertex with two pale spots anterolateral to lateral ocelli, eyes brown; antennal scape with pale distal margin, pedicel pale on distal third, flagellum pale.

Thorax. Prothorax: with diffuse black markings on dorsum; anterior lobe pale; middle lobe pale over notopleural suture; posterior lobe pale on lateral lobes and posterior margin, see Fig. 112 (paratype) for morphology; propleuron with pale ventral corners. Pterothorax: chiefly black with diffuse green metallic reflections over dark colouration on mesepisternum and mesepimeron; see Fig. 31 (paratype) for colour pattern; sternum pale; legs pale but femora with black rings on distal joints; claws reddish.

Wings. Hyaline, slightly amber tinted, vein that descends from subnodus in FW proximal to the first postquadrangular Vx by a distance of one-fifth of the underlying cell; CuA in HW not forked, field between CuA and posterior margin with one supplementary sector. Px: FW 35/42, HW 33/41.

Abdomen. Black with pale areas as follow: S1 with ventrolateral spots; S2 with ventrolateral horizontal lines; S3–7 with laterobasal spots; S9–10 and cerci pruinose on dorsum.

Caudal appendages. Cerci: see Fig. 66 (paratype) for structure. Paraprocts: superior lobe rudimentary, only distinguished by a transverse groove; inferior lobe in lateral view with an acute projection.

Measurements. Abdomen: 42–46, FW: 38–39, HW: 37–38.

Variation in males.

In some specimens the frons varies from light blue to dark. Also, the first narrow pale line on pterothorax sometimes is briefly interrupted. The vein that descends from the subnodus in FW can be proximal to the first Vx up to three-fifths of the underlying cell and the field between CuA and posterior margin can be with none to two supplementary sectors.

Measurements. Abdomen: 42–49, FW: 34–41, HW: 33–40.5; Px: FW 34–45; Px: HW 29–41.

Description of female paratype

Head. As in male but, labrum black, occipital bar pale; frons pale or black.

Thorax. Prothorax: posterior lobe rectangular, as wide as middle lobe, with gently rounded corners, shallow medial notch; lateral edges of posterior lobe more erect than in males. Pterothorax. As in male, triangular dark metepimeron stripe less clearly delineated.

Wings. Hyaline; Px: FW 41/40; Px: HW 34/34. Vein that descends from the subnodus in FW proximal to first post-quadrangle Vx by three-fifths of the underlying cell length.

Abdomen. S1–7 as in male but pale markings more extensive, especially for S5–8; S9 with pale mushroom shaped widened to the rear dorsal spot. Ovipositor ending at same length of tip of cerci.

Measurements. Abdomen: 38.0, FW: 34.5, HW: 34.0.

Variation in females

Measurements. Abdomen: 38–42, FW: 34.5–37.5, HW: 34–36.5; Px: FW 34–41; Px: HW 29–39.

Diagnosis. This species is similar to P. hyalina , P. chiarae and P. akan and is diagnosed under the latter.

Natural history. Abundant along small shaded forest streams and creeks.

Distribution. Northwest Honduras: it is known only from Cusuco National Park in Cortés Department at elevations from 1250 to over 1900 m.a.s.l.

Figures

FIGURES 12–19. Paraphlebia spp. colour pattern of head and thorax. Head frontal view (12–19); thorax lateral view (14– 19).

FIGURES 105–116. Paraphlebia spp. posterior lobe of prothorax frontal view (105–107); dorsal view (108–116).

FIGURES 28–34. Paraphlebia spp. colour pattern of thorax and abdomen. Thorax lateral view (28–32); abdomen lateral view (33–34).

FIGURES 62–66. Paraphlebia spp. caudal appendages (a) dorsal view; (b) mediodorsal view. W – maximum width of mediodorsal flange, w – maximum width of the distal lobe.